Shimoga (District)

Shimoga District ಶಿವಮೊಗ್ಗ ಜಿಲ್ಲೆ
State	Karnataka
Division :	Bangalore
Administrative headquarters :	Shimoga
Area :	8,481 km²
Residents :	1,755,512 (2011)
Population density :	207 inhabitants / km²
Website :	shimoga.nic.in

The Shimoga district ( Kannada : ಶಿವಮೊಗ್ಗ ಜಿಲ್ಲೆ ; also: Shivamogga ) is a district of the Indian state of Karnataka . The administrative seat is the eponymous city of Shimoga .

geography

The Shimoga district is located in western central Carnataka. Neighboring districts are Haveri in the northeast, Davanagere in the east, Chikmagalur in the south, Udupi in the southwest and Uttara Kannada in the northeast. The Shimoga district is divided into the seven taluks Bhadravati, Hosanagara, Sagar, Shikarpur, Shimoga, Sorab and Tirthahalli.

The Jog Falls in Shimoga District

The area of ​​the Shimoga district is 8,481 square kilometers. The district has a share in two large scenic areas: A smaller part in the east belongs to the Maidan region , the part of the Dekkan highlands belonging to Karnataka , and presents itself as a plateau with an average height of 600 meters. The rest of the district belongs to the mountainous region of Malnad and is taken by the Western Ghats , which border the Deccan from the west coast. The highest mountain is the Kodachadri with 1343 meters. The slopes of the Western Ghats are densely forested. In total, around a quarter of the district area consists of forest.

The Shimoga district is traversed by several rivers that have their source in the Western Ghats. At Kudali the rivers Tunga and Bhadra unite to form Tungabhadra , which flows eastward and drains over the Krishna into the Bay of Bengal . The Sharavathi , which is also emerging in the Western Ghats, flows west into the Arabian Sea . The Jog Falls , at 253 meters, are the highest waterfalls in India.

history

The history of the area that now makes up Shimoga District can be traced back to the 3rd century BC. Trace back to BC. At that time it was part of the Maurya Empire . In the 4th century AD, the western part of today's Shimoga district was ruled by the Kadamba dynasty (see Talagunda ), the eastern part by the Ganga . Thereafter the area came under the rule of changing dynasties: the Chalukya in the 6th century, the Rashtrakuta in the 8th century, the Ganga and again the Chalukya in the 10th century and the Hoysala in the 12th century. After the Hoysala Empire collapsed in the 14th century due to an invasion of the Sultanate of Delhi , the area of ​​Shimoga came under the rule of the Vijayanagar Empire a little later, like much of southern India .

The Rameshwara Temple at Keladi was built under the rule of the Nayaks

The Vijayanagar rulers had installed military governors ( nayaks ) in Keladi in today's Shimoga district . After the Vijayanagar Empire perished in 1565 after the devastating defeat against the Dekkan Sultanate in the Battle of Talikota , the Nayaks of Keladi, who moved their capital first to Ikkeri and then to Bidnur , set up their own business. Under the Nayak ruler Sivappa Naik , who took over the throne in 1645, the Nayaks extended their rule to the entire coastal region of today's Karnataka. His successors ruled the area before Hyder Ali , the ruler of Mysore , conquered Bednur in 1783 and ended the Nayak rule.

During the British colonial era , Mysore was a nominally independent princely state under British rule in the 19th century . Shimoga became one of the districts of Mysore. After Indian independence, the district came in 1956 as part of the States Reorganization Act to the newly created state of Mysore (since 1973 Karnataka) after the language borders of the Kannada .

population

According to the 2011 Indian census, the Shimoga district has a population of 1,755,512. Between 2001 and 2011, the population grew by 6.9 percent and thus lower than the average in Karnataka (15.7 percent). The population density of 207 people per square kilometer is below the state average (319 people per square kilometer). 35.5 percent of the population of Shimoga District live in cities. The degree of urbanization is therefore only slightly below the mean value of Karnataka (38.6 percent). The literacy rate is 80.5 percent, higher than the state average (75.6 percent).

According to the 2011 census, Hindus make up the majority of the population of the Shimoga district with 85.3 percent. There is also a larger minority of Muslims (12.2 percent) and a small Christian minority (1.6 percent). In addition to Kannada , the main language of Karnataka, Urdu is common among the Muslim population of the Shimoga district, as in most parts of Karnataka . In the Taluk Shimoga of the Shimoga district, Urdu has the status of an associated official language due to the high proportion of its speakers in the population.

Cities

city	Population (2001)
Bhadravati	160.392
Hosanagara	5,042
Jog Falls	12,570
Sagar	50.115
Shikarpur	31,508
Shimoga	274.105
Siralkoppa	14,501
Sorab	7,424
Tirthahalli	14,806

literature

• The Imperial Gazetteer of India. Volume 22: Samadhiāla to Singhāna. New edition. Clarendon Press, Oxford 1908, pp. 281–289 , keyword: Shimoga District .

Web links

Commons : Shimoga District  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• District website

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Census of India 2011: Provisional Population Totals: Data Sheet (PDF; 1.7 MB) and Population and decadal growth rate by residence Persons. (PDF; 1.3 MB)
2. ^ Census of India 2001: Basic Data Sheet. District Shimoga (15), Karnataka (29). (PDF; 55 kB)
3. ↑ AR Fatihi: "Urdu in Karnataka", in: Language in India 2: 9 December of 2002.
4. ↑ Census of India 2001: Population, population in the age group 0-6 and literates by sex - Cities / Towns (in alphabetic order) ( Memento from June 16, 2004 in the Internet Archive )