Simon Konrad Landersdorfer

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Memorial plaque in Passau Cathedral
The coat of arms of Bishop Simon Konrad
Burial place of the bishops Ow-Felldorf, Landersdorfer and Hofmann in Passau Cathedral

Simon Konrad Landersdorfer OSB (baptized name: Josef Landersdorfer ; born October 2, 1880 in Neutenkam near Geisenhausen , † July 21, 1971 in Passau ) was the 81st Bishop of Passau from 1936 to 1968 .

Live and act

Training and teaching

Josef Landersdorfer was the first of four children of the farmer Lorenz Landersdorfer and his wife Elisabeth. From 1891 he attended the Latin school of the Benedictine Abbey of Scheyern and later switched to the Dom-Gymnasium Freising . In 1899 he graduated from high school and then entered Scheyern Abbey. He took the religious name Simon. After the novitiate year and the religious professorship on October 28, 1900, he studied theology at the Collegium Willibaldinum in Eichstätt from 1900 to 1903 . Encouraged by Father Schmalzl, it was here that he developed his interest in oriental languages. On December 19, 1903, he was ordained a priest in the house chapel of Archbishop Franz Joseph von Stein of Munich . He then became temporary prefect in Scheyern and then a cooperator in Plankstetten .

In the winter semester of 1904/05, the new priest began philological studies at the University of Munich in preparation for the higher teaching post. After the state examination in 1906, he practiced at the Maximiliansgymnasium in Munich for a year . With a thesis on Old Babylonian private letters, he was promoted to Dr. phil. PhD. In 1908 he became a teacher at the Benedictine high school in Ettal , and in 1912 he became the institute director and deputy headmaster. His students considered him strict, incorruptible and fair.

On the basis of his already available writings, in particular a study on the book of Job published in 1911, he received his theological doctorate in 1917 at the University of Freiburg im Breisgau . In the same year he returned to his home monastery in Scheyern as a subprior. In 1920 Landersdorfer was appointed professor of Old Testament exegesis at the Benedictine College Sant'Anselmo in Rome .

Abbot of Scheyern

On March 3, 1922, the convent of Scheyern Abbey elected him to succeed the late Abbot Rupert Metzenleitner . On March 21 he received from Cardinal Michael von Faulhaber , the benediction .

He also continued his scientific research as an abbot. Until his appointment as Bishop of Passau, he had submitted a total of 43 scientific papers including 14 independent publications. He renovated the church, expanded the grammar school and took special care of the liturgy . In 1928 he was by Pope Pius XI. entrusted with the visitation of the Austrian Benedictine monasteries together with the Trier abbot Laurentius Zeller .

Bishop of Passau

On September 11, 1936 by Pope Pius XI. Bishop of the Diocese of Passau appointed, he received on 28 October 1936 at the Passau Cathedral by Cardinal Faulhaber, the episcopal ordination ; Co-consecrators were the bishops of Regensburg Michael Buchberger and of Augsburg Josef Kumpfmüller . In honor of his brother Konrad von Parzham , who was canonized in 1934 , Landersdorfer also adopted his name.

After the annexation of the Sudetenland in 1938, he took over the administration of three Sudeten German deaneries, the Sudeten German Administration Passau, which existed until 1946, as Apostolic Administrator with effect from October 15, 1939 . In 1939 he had to accept the closure of the philosophical-theological college and the episcopal seminars due to the war. In 1940, together with Bishop Albert Stohr from Mainz, he was entrusted by the German Bishops' Conference to lead the newly established liturgical department.

For his diocese, Landersdorfer pronounced its own pastoral word against the Nazi film Ich klage an (1941) , which promoted the murders of the sick during the Nazi era . Under the title "Right About Life" he uncovered the propaganda function of the film for murders of the disabled. With reference to Section 211 of the Criminal Code , he emphasized that the murder of the sick not only violated the Christian commandments, but also violated state laws:

“Therefore, everyone who proclaims in word and image that one may or should kill the incurably sick, acts not only against the church, but even more against the state, because he undermines one of the most important basic and moral laws of human coexistence. "

- Landersdorfer 1941

This pastoral word was read out in all parishes of the diocese after a local screening of the Nazi film. The propaganda effect of the film was so impaired that the ruling National Socialists removed the work from the cinemas in the Passau region in the winter of 1941.

In 1946 and 1960 he convened diocesan conferences, where, among other things, they discussed Catholic Action . In 1954 he set up another boys' college in Burghausen . In 1960 he set up an ecumenical commission, in 1961 he created a pastoral office, in 1962 he founded the diocesan retreat house "Mariahilf".

In 1961, in view of his old age, Antonius Hofmann was given a coadjutor with the right of succession. From 1962 to 1965 Landersdorfer took part in the Second Vatican Council . In the summer of 1968 he published a critical, sensational pastoral word on the encyclical Humanae Vitae . On October 27, 1968 he handed over the leadership of the diocese to his coadjutor and was appointed titular bishop of Ulcinium . He renounced this title on November 30, 1970. Simon Konrad Landersdorfer died the following year. He was buried in the bishop's crypt in Passau Cathedral .

Awards

literature

Web links

Commons : Simon Konrad Landersdorfer  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. Catholic protest against “euthanasia” and cinema propaganda for the murders, by Christian Kuchler