Solar templar

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Templar cross of the ritual cult robes of the sun templar

The Sun Templars (French: Ordre du Temple Solaire (OTS)) were a radically world-rejecting, internationally active secret society in the second half of the 20th century, which saw itself as a modern Rosicrucian order and referred to the Knights Templar . As an apocalyptic sect, the Sun Templars caused a sensation worldwide when 74 members were killed in four collective ritual acts of murder and suicide in 1994, 1995 and 1997. “The Sun Templars” were founded by Joseph Di Mambro and Luc Jouret under the official name “ Ordre International Chevaleresque De Tradition Solaire ” .

history

The "Order of the Temple of the Sun" ( Ordre du Temple Solaire ) was founded by Joseph Di Mambro (1924–1994), who belonged to the AMORC from 1956 to at least 1968 , and Luc Jouret (1947–1994) and is one of the offshoots or branches of the AMORC counted. In the system of the AMORC there are no correspondences to the apocalyptic special teachings and radicalizations of the sun temples.

Establishment, consolidation

Although the “Order of the Temple of the Sun” was not formally founded until 1984 under the official name “ Ordre International Chevaleresque De Tradition Solaire ”, its history - like the biographies of its founders - is lost in a complex web of mystical temple traditions, syncretic esotericism and itself in this Environment of moving clubs and orders. Di Mambro came from the French New Templar scene, in which there was an "Ordre Souverain Du Temple Solaire" ( Sovereign Order of the Sun Templars ) since 1952 and an "Ordre Rénové Du Temple" ( Renewed Templar Order ) since 1970 . In the 1960s, Di Mambro made contact with Jacques Breyer, who tried to re-establish the medieval Knights Templar in 1952 .

In 1971 Di Mambro was charged with fraud in Nîmes, which is why he moved to Annemasse near Geneva, where in 1973 he ran a "cultural center for relaxation" and a yoga school. There he won his first followers, with whom he acquired a house called a pyramid in Collonges-sous-Salève near Geneva , where on June 24, 1976 the “Temple of the Great White Universal Lodge” (Sub-Lodge Pyramid) was founded.

Establishment of the "Golden Way Foundation"

On July 12, 1978, the “Golden Way Foundation” was also founded in Geneva, which coordinated the activities of the community under various names and which was chaired by the conductor Michel Tabachnik , who had known the cult leader Di Mambro since 1977, as president from 1981 . Initially, people met for cultural events and spiritual lectures. In this phase, the OTS is said to have had 800 members, mainly in France and French-speaking Switzerland .

Secret bundling and reference to the Templars

The organizational structure of the Sun Templars, organized as a secret society , had an outer and an inner school: In the outer group, those interested in the inner esoteric community were selected, to which only a select group was allowed. Only this inner core group was allowed to take part in the Di Mambros rituals, which were based on esoteric lodges in France, in separate cult rooms. In these ritual-magical séances, Di Mambro staged manifestations of higher beings using a sophisticated trick technique. He legitimized his practices with reference to allegedly acting at the behest of "Unknown Superior" Masters in Zurich who could only keep in contact with him. The Belgian homeopathic doctor Luc Jouret, who joined in 1982, took over the marketing and management of the external community. The sect members saw themselves as a modern Rosicrucian order and were convinced that they were incarnated Rosicrucians who had to complete the work of their predecessors. The Sun Templars invoked the Knights Templar, founded in 1119, to which they ascribed special powers and secret knowledge that they had acquired through the occult. In 1314 54 Templars were burned as heretics in France under King Philip the Fair . Ideals are loyalty, obedience, and strict secrecy. The sun temples remained inconspicuous for a long time and were not noticed in public.

Takeover of the Ordre Rénové du Temple and expansion

The second head of the Sun Templar sect, Luc Jouret, took over power in 1983 in the neo-Templar order "Ordre Rénové du Temple" (ORT), which was co-founded by the French AMORC Grand Master Raymond Bernard, after its head Julien Origas had died. Jouret converted the pseudo-Templaric ORT into a Rosicrucian secret lodge that was strictly oriented towards him, the teaching of which was a potpourri of all possible esoteric, religious and occult sources and was particularly fed from the theosophical and Rosicrucian direction. Officially, the ORT, like other New Age organizations, stood up for the " Age of Aquarius " and preached charity, the values ​​of "true" Christianity and environmental protection. Internally, however, the members were gradually confronted with a "secret doctrine" which propagated a humanity of light and strength as a training goal and which thematized the Great White Lodge of Sirius , the Seven Beings of the Great Pyramid of Giza and the Servants of the Rose Cross . Jouret became Grand Master of the ORT and brought its members into the Order of the Sun Templar. This merger also joined a group of supporters in Québec , Canada. This gave the sun temples a foothold in America. The order expanded its activities, mainly to France, Switzerland and Canada, but also to Belgium, Luxembourg and Australia. In 1989 the expansion of the Sun Templars reached its peak with 442 members: 187 in France, 90 in Switzerland, 86 in Canada, 53 in Martinique, 16 in the USA and 10 in Spain. As a rule, these came from the upper middle class, were doctors, technicians, or artists, and in some cases were extremely wealthy.

Financial exploitation of religious motives

In their idealism, the members uncritically followed their leaders' fixed visions of escape and rescue from the world and, in addition to their freedom of choice, also ceded their money and assets to the two gurus, who maintained a luxurious lifestyle. Unknown sums also flowed into solar temple activities that were not yet fully revealed. The strong financial exploitation of the members was u. a. justified by the fact that they would belong to the "100 selected families" that were regarded as sufficient and that would survive the expected end of the world in special enclaves (country estates in France, Canada or Mauritius) in order to ensure the survival of humanity. Even after the apocalyptic ritual murders of the sect, patrons were found who are said to have transferred over 20 million francs to the order. The regular contribution was CHF 200 per week. The motto was: the richer and more willing to donate, the higher the rank in the order hierarchy. This hierarchy was ruled absolutistically by Di Mambro and Jouret. Those who could pay less brought in more work. Luc Jouret and Joseph Di Mambro conducted an extensive trade in international real estate, which was often bought cheap and sold above value.

Mind control, nutrition, compulsory purity and cult

The sun templars were vegetarians , ate only organically produced foods, were considered cultured and very gentle. The cult members took a holistic view of creation and also saw the divine in stones, plants and animals. They tried to recognize the cosmic laws and life principles and to live according to them. Grace and humility were the central concerns of their doctrine of salvation .

Mind control
Di Mambro, like Scientology founder Ron Hubbard, used a "spectrograph" device for indoctrination for evidence purposes . This device made it possible for 33 masters to balance the aura and vibrations of all cult members. Through the depth psychological manipulation techniques of the sect leadership, collective delusions , loss of reality , disturbances of consciousness and childlike visions of paradise developed. Conditioned by the radical mind control , the followers of the order were driven into a deadly illusory world, into emotional regression and visibly into an end-time neurosis.
Social life and cult

Di Mambro ruled like a despot and regulated the social life of all members. Most of them continued to work. Many Sun Templars formed shared apartments in mostly exclusive villas and country estates. There were four to five prayers with meditations per day, often up to eight hours per meeting on Sundays. The working day of less privileged members began at 4 a.m. and the workforce was extensively exploited. Wealthy people were made to donate money, to the point of ruin. Di Mambro separated married couples and families at will and arranged new marriages by pairing members up according to "mystical" points of view to form "cosmic couples". The fear of impurity was purposefully stoked, numerous ablutions were compulsory, one had to protect oneself against earth rays and other radiations and observe strict food taboos.

Radicalization phase

The grandmasters pretend to be occult "superman"

Between 1979 and 1981 Luc Jouret and Joseph Di Mambro took over the leadership of the Order of the Sun Templars. Both claimed a “god-like” position for themselves and surrounded themselves with the nimbus of being occult “superman”. The homeopath Jouret was considered a “miracle healer” and Di Mambro presented himself as the grand master of the Sun Templar order with magical powers and presented himself as the rebirth of Osiris , Moses and a medieval knight monk. Jouret developed a lively propaganda and lecturing activity, mostly on health topics. He appeared as a healer who demanded gratitude after success. Di Mambro worked as the mysterious grand master with magical abilities, who wielded the Excalibur sword and / or directed cosmic forces through another medieval knight's sword.

Teaching and reference to theosophy and spiritistic Rosicrucian ideas

Di Mambro's writings show correspondences with the theosophical schools of Alice Ann Bailey and Annie Besant . The Sun Templars drew their worldview from all possible esoteric, religious and occult sources, but above all from the modern theosophy of the medium Helena Blavatsky and the same elitist Rosicrucian direction, which claims an exclusive knowledge of an actually existing but “invisible” secret “Rosicrucian -Brotherhood ", as whose earthly representatives one saw oneself. Blavatsky borrowed the idea of ​​a “White Brotherhood”, a circle of astral “Ascended Masters”, which, according to Di Mambro, were located in the actual command center of the Sun Templars in Zurich and on the star Sirius. Di Mambro and Jouret referred to themselves as "Ascended Masters" incarnations, including Jesus and Moses.

The syncretic doctrine of the Sun Templars was compiled by Jouret and Di Mambro. It results from apocalyptic special doctrines and radicalizations, some of which form the myth that is theoretically based on the same line of reception of Rosicrucian ideas, in which the (again invisible) "Elder Brothers of the Rosicrucian" are named as part of an unearthly brotherhood .

In the manifestos of the Sun Templars, an esoteric reference to the Great Pyramid of Giza, a large invisible white brotherhood, the Holy Grail and the Arthurian legend was established and expanded to a mixture of medieval belief in the mysteries, the Grail Christianity , astrology , New Age , ideas of rebirth and natural religion . Each member was defined as the reincarnation of a historical or legendary personality who had to pay off an old debt or had a function for the further history of salvation. Di Mambro euphorized the members by revealing to them what important personalities they had been in previous lives; among them were the pharaoh Hatshepsut , the queen of Atlantis and the biblical figure Joshua .

Apocalyptic doctrine of salvation

The apocalyptic orientation towards Di Mambro's doctrine of salvation increased the closer the millennium came. While Di Mambro originally announced to the cult members, thanks to their spiritual way of life, a peaceful end-time transition into a mystical paradise, which they would experience in earthly form, the end-time visions changed radically in the 1990s: The consciousness of the order members was now increasingly shaped by fears of persecution. Those who are spiritually developed enough, obeying the plan of the invisible hierarchy, would voluntarily leave the earth in order to enter the absolute dimension of truth in the Christian fire, and thus escape the fate of the destruction of the corrupt world.

Di Mambro and his lover had a daughter named Emanuelle, who was to be brought up as a "cosmic child" to become an Avatar or Messiah . She grew up completely isolated, no one except the nanny Nicky Dutoit was allowed to come near her. Her antipode was later considered to be a little boy who was considered an " antichrist ".

Spiritual impostures and sleight of hand

Di Mambro's daughter Elie, who later died in the massacres, reported publicly about the sleight of hand with which her father tricked his followers into believing his psychic abilities. These scams and tricks were confirmed shortly afterwards by Antoine Dutoit, Di Mambro's closest confidante. The cult leader regularly cast a spell over his followers during the rituals in the darkened sanctuary with trick installations. If religious were initiated, he made appear "real" astral masters. He showed himself with a sword that is said to have once belonged to King Arthur , from whose blade he let lightning flash with hidden electronic devices. Under his black ceremonial robe, the cult leader wore a remote control with which he could secretly open automatic doors and trigger lightning bolts. He could make the Holy Grail appear on a hill at the push of a button.

Turning into contempt for the world and crime

There were investigations against Di Mambro for fraud and Jouret for arms trafficking. Both have long taught: "Death does not exist, it is just an illusion." Based on this belief, the strategy of surviving the end of the world has now been radically changed.

"Transit to Sirius"

In 1994, the inhuman barbarism of teaching escalated with the intention of being reborn in the Sirius star system after a collective death in order to found a new humanity there.

Proclamation of the "Rosicrucian Alliance" and announcement of a "Rosicrucian trip"

In 1991, the “hard core” of the Sun Templar order proclaimed the so-called “Rosicrucian Alliance”. In 1994 the Swiss conductor Michel Tabachnik announced during a lecture in Grenoble that the (Sun Templar) Rosicrucians would soon start a “journey”. Just 10 days later, the bodies of 53 solar templars were recovered in Switzerland and Canada.

Four massacres in 1994, 1995 and 1997

In 1994, 1995 and 1997 a total of 74 Sun Templars were killed in collective murder and suicide, some of them drugged and shot, some poisoned and some by their own hands. The legal offenses were murder , homicide on request and suicide . After the death of the two sect leaders Di Mambro and Jouret, Tabachnik, whose wife was killed in the "suicides" of 1994, was suspected of being the new Grand Master of the Sun Templars.

Assassination of the "Antichrist" (Massacre 1 on September 30, 1994)

The drama was triggered by a triviality: the first name of a newborn baby. The married couple Nicky and Antoine Dutoit, who looked after the two houses of Jouret and Di Mambro in Canada, named their son Christopher Emmanuel in July 1994 . This angered the cult leader Di Mambro, whose daughter Emmanuelle, who was allegedly mystically conceived with his lover Dominique Bellaton (36), was considered a cosmic child whom outsiders, with the exception of Nicky, were allowed to approach a maximum of 10 meters in order not to disturb their aura . Before that, the Dutoits discovered the trickery tricks and secret lighting effects of the spiritual superworld Di Mambros. Thereupon Di Mambro announced that the baby Christopher Emmanuel was the antichrist who was endangering the spiritual future of the order and sent the Swiss Joel Eggers (35) together with Dominique Bellaton from Zurich to Montreal on September 29, 1994 to murder the Dutoit family .

In the Canadian sect center of Morin Heights , the caretaker Antoine Dutoit was murdered by Joel Eggers on September 30, 1994 with 50 stab wounds - symbolizing the 50 sect followers who were to die at Di Mambro's orders. Dominique Bellaton killed Dutoit's wife Nicky with eight stab wounds - a symbol of the eight laws of the Sun Templars . She then stabbed her three-month-old son Christopher Emmanuel der Dutoits, who had been declared an “Antichrist”, with six knife stabs and pierced his heart several times. Eggers and Bellaton flew back to Switzerland and two other Sun Templars living in Canada removed all traces of the ritual murder and hid the bodies in a cupboard. On the night of October 4, 1994, these two helpers took benzodiazepines and set the property on fire with a time fuse. Both perished in the flames.

Massacre 2 on October 4th and 5th, 1994

On the night of October 5, 1994, a total of 48 Sun Temple members were killed in murders and suicides. The autopsy revealed that 15 people committed suicide, seven were executed as "traitors" and the rest were "helped" to die.
In a homestead in the hamlet of Cheiry in the Swiss canton of Friborg , the volunteer fire brigade found 23 dead people wrapped in golden and white cult robes, 18 of them aligned in a circle, as if they symbolized rays of the sun. The corpses, including Tabachnik's first wife, lay in a kind of chapel with mirrored walls and bright red panels under a painting of Christ. Some heads were wrapped in garbage bags, others wore robes.

After the massacre in Cheiry, Jouret and Di Mambro drove to Granges-sur-Salvan in the Swiss canton of Valais , about 50 kilometers south of Montreux , where a chalet burned down three hours later . On the morning of October 6th, the fire brigade found the charred remains of 25 people in the rubble, including five children and the management team around Jouret and Di Mambro, his "cosmic child" Emmanuelle and his Swiss mother Dominique Bellaton. Former member Thierry Huguenin warned of further massacres at the Sun Templars.

Arrests and criticism of the investigation in Switzerland

Investigations began in Switzerland, France and Canada. Three sun templars sighted the day before the chalet fire in Granges-sur Salvan were arrested: Patrick Vuarnet (who sent the sect chiefs' legacy letters) and the two French gendarmes Jean-Pierre Lardanchet and Patrick Rostand . Investigating magistrate Piller, however, saw no sufficient reason for an arrest warrant , released the trio and stated: "Nothing, absolutely nothing, indicated that sect members whom I had interrogated would take up the torch and organize a new massacre." That turned out to be a misjudgment. The lawyer for the co-plaintiffs, Jacques Barillon, criticized the fact that Lardanchet had not at least been monitored and wiretapped, which might have prevented the massacre the following year, and accused the Swiss investigative authorities of a misdiagnosis.

Massacre 3 on December 23, 1995

On December 23, 1995, 16 charred corpses were found 30 kilometers southwest of Grenoble near Saint-Pierre-de-Chérennes on a hillside plateau (in the so-called "hell hole"), which were arranged in a circle - like the spokes of a wheel. The feet of the death row inmates pointed at a pyre in the middle. Coroners found that 14 of the victims were injected with anesthetic, as in Cheiry, before they were killed with headshots and set on fire. The bodies of the two group leaders lay aside, and in their vicinity the two pistols used for the deed. Even the defense did not contradict the prosecutor's finding that some of the sect's followers were murdered. The Grenoble Public Prosecutor announced that the eleven Sun Templars and three children were shot by Gendarme Lardanchet and an assistant. Black plastic bags were pulled over the heads of the victims. Then the two perpetrators doused each other with an incendiary agent and shot each other with the gendarmes' service pistols. The forensic medicine institute described the mass murder, which the sun templars bizarrely called “transit”, as a “ritual bloodbath”. Lardanchet's two daughters were among the 16 dead.

Massacre 4 on March 22, 1997

On March 22, 1997, after a fire alarm in a burning country house in Saint-Casimir (Québec / Canada), five bodies were recovered by the fire department. Three young people who had been drugged escaped from a house next door. The rescued girl and the two boys aged 13, 14 and 16 years reported that their parents, along with three other solar temples, had set out on a journey to the planet Sirius, and this was their second attempt, as the first " Transit ”broke down. The parents died without having arranged the care of their previously anesthetized children. This last cult drama was also staged ritually: the five sun templars perished at the beginning of spring on the day of the equinox and set the house on fire with a time fuse.

"Testament of the Rose Cross"

The members left testamentary press releases, manifestos and two video cassettes with the title "Testament of the Rosicrucian" to the shocked world public, on which the sun temples who died in the collective murder and suicide campaigns printed the message:

“We, faithful servants of the Rosicrucian, declare: Just as we disappeared one day, we will return [...], because the Rosicrucian is immortal [...]. Like him we have always been and forever. "

Businessman and professional golfer Patrick Vuarnet († December 16, 1995), whose father, the former Olympic ski champion in 1960 Jean Vuarnet , knew about the involvement of his son and his own wife in the apocalyptic solar templar sect, brought the last legacy letter of the "chosen ones" Jouret and Di Mambro to the French Minister of the Interior, Charles Pasqua . It said: "You should know that where we will be, we will always stretch out our arms to those who will be worthy to come to us."

Investigation and trial

The investigative authorities were able to prove that of the 53 sun temples who perished in Canada and Switzerland, 38 were murdered. Forensic medicine found morphine and the herbal poison curare in all corpses . The shooters and the perpetrators who administered the anesthetic injections could not be identified. Chief Public Prosecutor Lorans spoke of unknown masterminds in the background and of potential clients for further Templar murders and had a search for three Mercedes limousines with Swiss license plates that had been seen near the crime scene. After the ritual murders of the Sun Templars, Michel Tabachnik , a well-known conductor with a Swiss and French passport, was suspected of being the new Grand Master of the Sun Templars, which he denied. Tabachnik was charged with membership in a criminal organization but acquitted for lack of evidence.

Arrested and charged in 2001

On June 11, 1996, Michel Tabachnik was arrested in Nanterre, near Paris, and in 2001 he was charged with membership in a criminal organization before the Grenoble criminal court. The prosecutor had demanded five years in prison without parole, the defense lawyer pleaded for acquittal. He had been classified as the theoretician of the sect and "number three" in its hierarchy. Since he could not be proven responsible for the sect massacre due to a lack of evidence, he was acquitted on June 25, 2001 in the first instance. Specifically, this process concerned the ritual murders between 1994 and 1997, in which a total of 74 sect members were killed, with the public prosecutor accusing Tabachnik of joint responsibility for all 74 ritual murders.

Appeal process 2006

Renewed examinations of the victims in 1995 are said to have shown unusually high levels of phosphorus in the bodies. Alain Vuarnet, a son of Jean and Edith Vuarnet, concluded from this that the sun temples had been murdered with flamethrowers and, together with the public prosecutor, obtained an appeal against Tabachnik.

In 2006 the public prosecutor in Grenoble opened the appeals process and accused Tabachnik of having called in his writings for a “flight to Sirius”, that is, for suicide , with which he had sparked a “deadly dynamic” among the solar temples. Specifically, the proceedings concerned the ritual murders of 16 sun templars, including three children, in December 1995 in the Vercors massif near Grenoble. The defense did not contradict the public prosecutor's finding that some of the sect's followers were murdered. The appeals court also acquitted Tabachnik of the charge of involvement in a criminal organization.

Conspiracy theories in the media

This article or the following section is not adequately provided with supporting documents ( e.g. individual evidence ). Information without sufficient evidence could be removed soon. Please help Wikipedia by researching the information and including good evidence.

The German magazine Stern published an article back in January 1996 that saw the Sun Templars in connection with a "network of conspiratorial connections". Since 1970, the esoteric order has been infiltrated by the extreme right-wing secret society Service d'Action Civique (SAC). The star quoted Massimo Introvigne that it was likely that the OTS was a religiously cloaked front organization of right-wing extremists. When the Sun Templars got out of hand, the renegades were ruthlessly eliminated.

British journalists David Carr-Brown and David Cohen made connections between the group and the following people:

Marsan is said to have brought Princess Gracia to Luc Jouret in mid-1982 for a treatment that is said to have consisted of acupuncture and a number of rather dubious practices. Jouret is said to have demanded 20 million francs for this, but not received it. The princess then died in a mysterious car accident. A film by Carr-Brown and Cohen aired on Channel 4 in the UK in 1997 and caused outrage in the international rainbow press that saw Grace Kelly's memory tainted. Conspiracy theories blossomed: first they wanted to make the Grimaldis unbelievable in front of the people, then drive Monaco into the arms of France. In Germany, the serious media did not take up the news.

Persons named in connection with the sun temples

  • Joseph Di Mambro (born August 19, 1924 in Pont-St.-Esprit / Southern France, † October 5, 1994 in Cheiry), leader. Di Mambro was a financial juggler who at times posed as a psychologist. In 1971 he was charged with fraud in Nîmes. Soon afterwards he founded the “Center for the Preparation of the New Age” in Annemasse, near the Swiss border . Trouble with the tax authorities in France prompted him to become active in Switzerland and Canada.
  • Luc Jouret (born October 18, 1947 in Belgian Congo / Zaire , † October 5, 1994 in Cheiry), sect leader. Jouret studied medicine at the Free University of Brussels, but also visited Filipino spiritual healers . Jouret practiced as a homeopath and faith healer in Leglise (Belgium), later in Annemasse (France). In 1986 he moved to Geneva. With his polished rhetoric he recruited members through his lectures. In part Jouret appeared as the “new Christ”.
  • Michel Tabachnik , a well-known conductor and composer whose wife was killed in the 1994 massacre.
  • Rose-Marie Opplinger sued OTS in 1989 for 600,000 francs from the sale of a property by her husband. She was awarded $ 150,000 in damages in 1993.
  • Albert Giacobino († October 5, 1994), a farmer who sold land and paid large sums of money to the Sun Templars, but then wanted to get out; Owner of the house in Cheiry.
  • Camille Pilet, sales manager at a watch factory, died in 1994.
  • Robert Ostigny, Mayor of Richelieu, died in 1994 with his wife Françoise.
  • Patrick Vuarnet († December 16, 1995), businessman and professional golfer, son of the manufacturer Jean Vuarnet (Olympic champion in skiing 1960). He forwarded legacy letters from Jouret and Di Mambro to the French Minister of the Interior, Charles Pasqua .
  • Edith Vuarnet († December 16, 1995), wife of the skier Jean Vuarnet , mother of Patrick Vuarnet.

documentation

literature

  • Thierry Huguenin: The 54th Bastei Lübbe-Verlag, Bergisch Gladbach 1995, ISBN 3-404-61332-5 , [ Bastei Lübbe , Bd. 61332 of the series: Experiences ; Huguenin describes how he and his family came to the sect and what life was like there].
  • James R. Lewis (Ed.): The Order of the Solar Temple. The Temple of Death . Ashgate, Aldershot et al. a. 2006, ISBN 0-7546-5285-8 , [ Controversial new religions , contains a scholarly discussion of the solar temples and a selection of documents from the sect].
  • Jean Francois Mayer: The Temple of the Sun. The tragedy of a sect. Freiburg / Switzerland 1995.
  • Hugo Stamm : Under the spell of the Maya calendar - end time hysteria in sects and esotericism. Gütersloher Verlagshaus 2012, ISBN 978-3-579-06674-5 [Chapter 17 - Sun Templar: Apocalyptic transit to the planet Sirius].

Press article:

  • Die für den Wahn , Gaby Neujahr in: Focus 41/1994
  • Bright delusion, sinister murder , Stern October 13, 1994
  • Journey to Hell of the Sun Templars , Russell Miller, World Week February 16, 1995
  • The death ritual of the sun sect , Constanze Knitter, picture on Sunday, December 24, 1995
  • The Sun Templar Death Forest , BZ December 27, 1995
  • Murderous doomsday cult , Rudolph Chimelle, Süddeutsche Zeitung December 27, 1997
  • Sun templar followers found dead , Thankmar von Münchhausen, Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung December 27, 1995
  • Transit to Sirius . The mirror 1/1996
  • Death in the forest , Gisela Blau, Barbara Schwepcke in: Focus 1/1996
  • The backers are running around freely - the drama about the sun templar appears more and more as a conspiracy by right-wing extremist secret allies , Walter Bertschinger, Christoph Fasel, Stern January 4, 1996
  • Fürstin Gracia - A huge fuss about a TV film , Das Neue Blatt, December 31, 1997
  • The Gracia Conspiracy , The Current January 3, 1998

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Harald Lamprecht : New Rosicrucians. A manual. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2004, ISBN 3-525-56549-6 , p. 111.
  2. ↑ a b Gerald Willms: The wonderful world of sects: From Paul to Scientology. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht; Edition: 1st edition 2012, p. 293.
  3. ↑ a b c Sun Temple Ordre du Temple Solaire . relinfo.ch. Retrieved June 23, 2013.
  4. ↑ Hugo Stamm : Under the Spell of the Apocalypse. End time ideas in churches, sects and cults. Pendo, Zurich 1998. pp. 211-213.
  5. ↑ Serge Pueyo, Ordre du temple solaire: les larmes de Tabachnik ( Memento of November 9, 2006 in the Internet Archive ), Le Figaro , accessed on June 23, 2013.
  6. ↑ Hugo Stamm: Under the Spell of the Apocalypse. End time ideas in churches, sects and cults. Pendo, Zurich 1998. p. 201.
  7. ^ Lamprecht, New Rosicrucians. A manual. , P. 111.
  8. ↑ a b The Sun Templars . relinfo.ch. Retrieved June 23, 2013.
  9. ↑ a b Thomas Gandow: The secret of the sun temple - "No suicide in the human sense" . religio.de. Retrieved April 22, 2012.
  10. ↑ a b c Transit to Sirius . Der Spiegel 1/1996, accessed on June 23, 2013.
  11. ↑ a b Hugo Stamm: Under the spell of the apocalypse. End time ideas in churches, sects and cults. Pendo, Zurich 1998. pp. 218-220.
  12. ↑ a b Hugo Stamm: Under the spell of the apocalypse. End time ideas in churches, sects and cults. Pendo, Zurich 1998. pp. 200-220.
  13. ↑ a b c d e Marc Roberts Team: Lexicon of Satanism and the witchcraft. VF Collector Verlag, Graz 2004, ISBN 3-85365-205-0 , p. 252.
  14. ↑ Roland Edighoffer: The Rosicrucians. Munich 1995, pp. 79-80.
  15. ↑ a b Hans-Jürgen Ruppert : The myth of the Rosicrucians. EZW-Texte 2001, No. 160, pp. 16-21.
  16. ↑ a b Hugo Stamm: Under the spell of the apocalypse. End time ideas in churches, sects and cults. Pendo, Zurich 1998. p. 216.
  17. ↑ a b Hugo Stamm: Under the spell of the apocalypse. End time ideas in churches, sects and cults. Pendo, Zurich 1998. p. 203.
  18. ↑ Gerald Willms: The Wonderful World of Sects: From Paul to Scientology. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht; Edition: 1st edition 2012, pp. 294–295.
  19. ^ Hans-Jürgen Ruppert: Rosicrucian. Heinrich Hugendubel Verlag, Kreuzlingen / Munich 2004, ISBN 3-7205-2533-3 , pp. 71-72.
  20. ↑ Hugo Stamm : Under the Spell of the Apocalypse. End time ideas in churches, sects and cults. Pendo, Zurich 1998. pp. 200ff
  21. ^ Hans-Jürgen Ruppert: Rosicrucian. Heinrich Hugendubel Verlag, Kreuzlingen / Munich 2004, ISBN 3-7205-2533-3 , pp. 69-72.
  22. ↑ Hugo Stamm: Under the Spell of the Apocalypse. End time ideas in churches, sects and cults. Pendo, Zurich 1998. pp. 204-205.
  23. ↑ Hugo Stamm: Under the Spell of the Apocalypse. End time ideas in churches, sects and cults. Pendo, Zurich 1998. pp. 204-210.
  24. ↑ Gerald Willms: The Wonderful World of Sects: From Paul to Scientology. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht; Edition: 1st edition 2012, p. 295.
  25. ↑ Cabo Ruivo: The most terrifying homicides in Switzerland
  26. ↑ Hugo Stamm: Under the Spell of the Apocalypse. End time ideas in churches, sects and cults. Pendo, Zurich 1998. pp. 204-212.
  27. ↑ a b Sun Temple . relinfo.ch. Archived from the original on June 1, 2013. Retrieved June 23, 2013.
  28. ↑ a b c [1] Focus Magazine No. 1 from December 30, 1995, accessed on June 24, 2013.
  29. ↑ Sonnentempler: Investigations in Switzerland criticized , Swissinfo , April 18, 2001, accessed on June 24, 2013.
  30. ↑ a b c Appeal process for the shooting of solar templars , Der Tagesspiegel , October 24, 2006, accessed on June 23, 2013.
  31. ↑ a b c d Michel Tabachnik also acquires the appeal court , Swissinfo , December 20, 2006, accessed on June 23, 2013.
  32. ↑ Hugo Stamm: Under the Spell of the Apocalypse. End time ideas in churches, sects and cults. Pendo, Zurich 1998. pp. 210-211.
  33. ↑ Hugo Stamm: Under the Spell of the Apocalypse. End time ideas in churches, sects and cults. Pendo, Zurich 1998. pp. 213-214.
  34. ↑ Source: video cassette quoted in: Jean Francois Mayer: Der Sonnentempel. The tragedy of a sect. Freiburg / Switzerland 1995, page 11.
  35. ↑ Hugo Stamm: Under the Spell of the Apocalypse. End time ideas in churches, sects and cults. Pendo, Zurich 1998. p. 29.
  36. ↑ a b Conductor Tabachnik free , Der Spiegel , June 26, 2001
  37. ↑ Hugo Stamm: Under the Spell of the Apocalypse. End time ideas in churches, sects and cults. Pendo, Zurich 1998. pp. 211-213.
  38. ↑ Michel Tabachnik relaxé en appel L'Express , accessed on June 23, 2013
  39. ^ Ordre du Temple solaire: la relaxe de Michel Tabachnik confirmée en appel , Le Monde , December 20, 2006

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