St. Clemens Church (Nebel)

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St. Clement's Church

The St. Clemens Church ( Öömrang : St. Clemens sark ) in Nebel on the North Sea island of Amrum is the largest church on the island. It is the parish church of the Evangelical Lutheran St. Clement Parish Amrum.

history

The church around 1859, painting by Carl Ludwig Jessen

The church, which bears the patronage of Saint Clement of Rome as the patron saint of sailors, was probably built in 1236 and first mentioned in 1240. The residents of the then only island villages Norddorf and Süddorf could not agree in which village the church should be built, so it was built between the two villages, albeit closer to Süddorf. The church was initially built as a simple wooden structure and was probably a branch church of the parish of St. Johannis in Nieblum on Föhr . The church was on a flat peninsula on which the Föhr clergyman could land. Later the church was built as a single-nave, towerless building in the Romanesque style made of bricks and field stones . The roof was covered with thatch . The church was later plastered and whitewashed.

Around the church, the village of Nebel (German: New Village) developed into the largest village on the island. In 1524 the Reformation came to Amrum, so that the parish became Protestant. From 1574 to 1630 Tycho Frudson (sometimes called Frödden) was pastor. Around the 50th anniversary of his service in 1623, the pulpit made of fir wood and the sound cover were built . In 1634 the winged altar was erected out of gratitude that the Amrum people had survived the Second Grote Mandränke . Two brass chandeliers were donated by Amrumern in 1671 and 1685. During this time (1629 / 1630–1686) Martin Flor served as pastor in Amrum for 56 years. In 1692 a prayer bell was hung in a small, free-standing wooden frame. The west gallery was built before 1700, and a north gallery was added later. From 1739 to 1875, with a short break, three members of the Mechlenburg family were pastors in succession, with one son taking over the office. The last one, Lorenz Friedrich Mechlenburg , wrote a dictionary of Öömrang . 1886 was a single manual Marcussen - organ inaugurated in the sanctuary. To make room for her, the choir had to be raised.

In 1908, the 36 meter high, copper-roofed church tower with a larger bell was added, which was designed by the then pastor Magnus Weidemann . The wooden frame was dismantled. In 1936 and 1957–1960 the interior of the church was renovated. A low choir arch was built in in 1957. In addition to the two donated brass chandeliers, another chandelier and two wall sconces from a Holstein manor house, also made of brass, were added in 1960 . In 1981 a two-manual organ was inaugurated. In 1984 the tower was completely renovated from the outside.

architecture

Interior towards the altar, with a view of the organ

The church is a single-nave building, partly built with field stones and partly with bricks. The flat-roofed nave lies in an east-west direction, about 200 meters from the east coast of Amrum, about five meters above the mean high water. The tower stands on the west side and also contains the portal. On the south side is the Kastbarshüs annex , which is used as the island's mortuary. On the north side there is a smaller extension, offset from Kastbarshüs , through which the church used to be entered. On the south side there are large arched windows , on the north side the windows were made smaller when the north gallery was built. The roof of the church is thatched except for the tower. The narrow nave, criss-crossed by a wooden gallery on the north side and above the entrance, gives the spatial impression of a ship's hull. The wooden flat ceiling is supported by transverse oak planks.

Furnishing

The church houses a number of art treasures.

  • Apostle group
This includes a wooden, early Gothic group of apostles ( The Heavenly Supper ), which is said to have washed ashore in a storm surge on Amrum and hangs in the south wall. The figures are characterized by strict frontality, oversized heads and simple folds of the robes. The faces reflect intimacy and deep seriousness.

  • General view "The Heavenly Supper"

  • Detail: the middle apostles

  • Detail: Peter

  • Baptismal font
The chalice-shaped baptismal font comes from the Romanesque period. He is estimated to be about the same age as the Church. Its dome and walls are made of reddish granite; The bulbous ring and foot are made of yellowish shell limestone . It stands in the northeast corner of the nave, surrounded by benches so that a separate baptismal area is created.
In 1936, today's altar was built from red stones in the monastery format . An old grave slab serves as a capstone. The old altar had to give way to an organ in 1886.
The three-part altarpiece ( triptych ) dates from 1634. It is a work of the late Renaissance . It shows a picture of the Lord's Supper in the middle and the four evangelists on the wings , executed in the Mannerist style of painting. In the pediment triangle above the altar, God the Father and the dove are depicted as symbols of the Holy Spirit. Inscriptions on the back of the wings indicate " Our Father " and the words of institution for the Lord's Supper.

  • The font made of granite and shell limestone

  • The altar with the three-winged tower from 1634

  • The altar painting in the middle part depicts Jesus' last supper with his disciples.

  • crucifix
A crucifix with a late Gothic body from 1480 hangs on the south wall. The cross dates from the 20th century.
  • Sacrament cabinet
The free-standing sacrament cabinet from the 15th century has two doors. The inside of the upper door bears the painting of a seated Man of Sorrows in the late Gothic style.

  • Crucifix with a late Gothic body

  • Free-standing sacrament cabinet

  • Painting Man of Sorrows at the sacrament cupboard

  • pulpit
The pulpit dates from the Renaissance period . The pulpit made of fir wood was created in 1623 (see also history ). The four-sided basket shows fluted strips and arched fields. The five-sided sound cover from 1662 has triangular attachments.
  • Gallery pictures
Christ and the twelve apostles are depicted in the parapets of the west and north gallery. The paintings date from the 17th century.
  • chandelier
Two chandeliers made of brass (brass) date from 1671 and 1685 (see also history ). Jupiter riding an eagle is enthroned above a wreath of light and a decorative wreath.
  • Bell jar
The bell in the tower is rung by hand for church services and other occasions. While the bell is made to vibrate at church services and other church celebrations and strikes the clapper , it is celebrated at the evening chimes , that is, the clapper is struck against the bell. The clockwork with four clocks on the sides of the tower is also mechanical. Every half an hour the bell is rung by a striking mechanism.

organ

The organ stands in the form of an altar organ on a gallery behind the altar and was built in 1981 by the Becker company . The instrument has 18 registers (plus a transmission) on two manuals and a pedal and replaced the former, single-manual organ made by the organ building company Marcussen . A low arch separating the chancel from the rest of the nave is an acoustic obstacle to the sound of the organ.

I Hauptwerk C – g 3
1. Principal 8th'
2. Reed flute 8th'
3. octave 4 ′
4th Nasard 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
5. Forest flute 2 ′
6th Mixture III
7th Trumpet 8th'
II upper structure C – g 3
8th. Dumped 8th'
9. recorder 4 ′
10. Principal 2 ′
11. Sesquialtera II 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
12. Nasat 1 1 ⁄ 3  ′
13. Sharp III
14th Krummhorn 8th'
Tremulant
Pedal C – f 1
15th Sub bass 16 ′
16. Principal 8th'
17th Dacked bass 8th'
18th Choral bass 4 ′
19th Trumpet (= No. 7) 8th'

use

The church is regularly for worship and all arising Kasualien used. A special feature are the "musical evening celebrations", which are celebrated by candlelight in the summer months and between Christmas and New Years and whose tradition dates back to 1934. A choir, newly composed every week, rehearses pieces under the direction of the local cantor and then performs them three days later in the evening celebration. The majority of the singers and instrumentalists performing are vacationers.

graveyards

Cemetery at the church

  • Talking tombstones and church

  • Gravestone of the navigator Hark Olufs

  • Gravestone of a sailor, detail

  • Gravestone of a sailor, detail

  • Gravestone of a seafarer's widow

Around the church is one of the two cemeteries for Amrumers. In the northwest corner of the cemetery there are around 150 tombstones from the period 1670 to 1830, the so-called speaking tombstones of Amrum , which are occasionally made of granite stone , but mostly sandstone . In addition to depictions of ships and elaborate ornamentation, these show short texts carved in stone about the life of the deceased, such as the navigator Hark Olufs . Around 90 of the tombstones are under monument protection . Until 2013, part of the facility was a memorial for those who fell in Amrum during the two world wars. As part of a redesign, the tombstones were placed in rows in 2014.

New cemetery

Another cemetery, the "New Cemetery", is located north of Nebel, east of the farm road to Norddorf. It was established in 1935 and, like the cemetery around the church, serves the inhabitants of the island of Amrum. The memorial for those who died in the war has stood there since 2013.

Homeless cemetery

Graves in the homeless cemetery in Amrum

Opposite the Nebeler Windmill is the Amrum cemetery of the homeless , where unidentifiable water corpses were buried. According to the church chronicle, this was laid out in 1905. A captain from Amrum voluntarily ceded the cemetery area from his land. Most of the graves date from the beginning of the 20th century, the last from 1969. Since then, all drowned people found in front of Amrum have been identified thanks to better techniques. Each grave is marked with a simple wooden cross with the date of discovery carved into it. The wooden archway of the former entrance portal bears the inscription "There is still a rest". Behind the entrance there is a field stone from the old western wall of St. Clement's Church with the words "Rejoice that your names are written in heaven".

Other community facilities and properties

Altar of the Wittdün chapel

The community has other publicly used buildings, such as the St. Clemens Hüs parish hall in Nebel , which was inaugurated in 1980, and a chapel in Wittdün , which was built around 1900 and whose altarpiece has references to seafaring. In Norddorf, the Protestant parish hall built in 1929 is used by the parish for church services and other events. The community's “youth trombone choir” has existed since 1954.

The St. Clemens parish is the owner of a copy of the Missale Slesvicense , a missal book printed by Steffen Arndes in 1486 , only four copies of which have survived and are considered to be the oldest book printed in Schleswig-Holstein and the second oldest in Denmark . The book is located in the regional church archive in Kiel , which belongs to the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Northern Germany , and is occasionally exhibited in the church, most recently in 2009.

literature

  • Georg Quedens : Church and cemeteries on Amrum. Breklumer Verlag, Breklum 1997, ISBN 3-7793-1134-8 .
  • Erich Pörksen: The landmarks of the island of Amrum. 2nd Edition. Breklumer Verlag, Breklum 2002, ISBN 3-7793-1119-4 .
  • Georg Dehio : Handbook of German Art Monuments, Hamburg, Schleswig-Holstein , edited by Johannes Habich , 1971, ISBN 3-422-00329-0 .
  • Art topography Schleswig-Holstein. Processed in the State Office for Monument Preservation Schleswig-Holstein and in the Office for Monument Preservation of the Hanseatic City of Lübeck. Wachholtz, Neumünster 1982, ISBN 3-529-02627-1 .

Web links

Commons : St. Clemens (Nebel)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Georg Quedens : Amrum. 15th, revised edition. Breklumer Verlag, Breklum 1990, ISBN 3-7793-1110-0 , p. 46.
  2. ↑ a b Georg Quedens: Amrum. 15th, revised edition. Breklumer Verlag, Breklum 1990, ISBN 3-7793-1110-0 , p. 47.
  3. ↑ a b c Information on St. Clemens Church , accessed on January 23, 2011
  4. ↑ Georg Quedens: Amrum - From ancient times. Hansen & Hansen, Itzehoe approx. 1970, without ISBN, p. 16.
  5. ^ Georg Quedens: Church and cemeteries on Amrum. Breklumer Verlag, Breklum 1997, ISBN 3-7793-1134-8 , p. 25.
  6. ↑ Georg Quedens, Hans Hingst, Gerhard piece, Ommo Wilts: Amrum - landscape, history, nature. Jens Quedens, Amrum 1991, ISBN 3-924422-24-9 , p. 81 ff .: The St. Clemens Church
  7. ↑ a b c Information on the organ ( Memento from May 31, 2014 in the Internet Archive ), accessed on January 23, 2016
  8. ↑ a b c Erich Pörksen: The landmarks of the island of Amrum. Pp. 17-39.
  9. ↑ Information on Amrum , accessed on January 24, 2011
  10. ^ Website of the parish / church music ( Memento from June 16, 2008 in the Internet Archive ), accessed on January 23, 2011
  11. ↑ Georg Quedens: Amrum. 15th, revised edition. Breklumer Verlag, Breklum 1990, ISBN 3-7793-1110-0 , p. 49.
  12. ^ Website of the parish / parish letter autumn 2009 ( memento of June 27, 2012 in the Internet Archive ), accessed on January 23, 2011

Coordinates: 54 ° 39 ′ 10.7 ″  N , 8 ° 21 ′ 21.7 ″  E