St. Augustine (Nordhorn)
| St. Augustine
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| Denomination : | Roman Catholic |
| Patronage : | Augustine |
| Consecration date : | September 11, 1913 |
| Pastor : | Ulrich Högemann |
| Parish : | Catholic parish of St. Augustine |
| Address: | Burgstrasse 12 48529 Nordhorn |
Coordinates: 52 ° 26 ′ 9 ″ N , 7 ° 4 ′ 9 ″ E
St. Augustine is Nordhorn's main Catholic church , which, along with the Reformed Market Church, shapes the city's silhouette.
The building was built from 1911 to 1913 according to the plans of the Hamburg government master builder Josef Keith as an octagonal central building with a dome , a walkway and a lantern . The 45-meter-high bell tower in the style of a Romanesque campanile stands separately and is connected to the central building by a two-story arcade .
The church bears the name of St. Augustine . It was consecrated on September 11, 1913 by the Osnabrück bishop Hubertus Voss .
The church building is a listed building .
Location and history
In the 12th century, the Counts of Bentheim acquired the Gogericht of the Northornon settlement and built a castle on the Vechte Island opposite the settlement. With the help of an artificially created mill dam and two mills it was possible to regulate the water level of the Vechte and to colonize the island. The settlement on the island received town charter in 1379 and from then on bore the sole name of Nordhorn , while the old settlement around today's market church was named Oude Dorp (Old Village), from which Altendorf developed. The castle became the hunting lodge of the Counts of Bentheim.
After the market church of St. Ludgeri, built in 1445 between 1540 and 1550 as part of the Reformation, first Lutheran and then Reformed, the Catholic Christians from Nordhorn lost their place of worship. The Augustinian Canons of Frenswegen Monastery acquired the castle on October 14, 1578 and built a residence and a chapel in 1579 , where they provided pastoral care for the city's Catholics and celebrated Sunday services with the community.
After the Swedes had stormed, plundered and partially destroyed the castle complex including the chapel twice in the Thirty Years' War , in 1632 and 1633, a new "church" was built on the castle square in 1712 and consecrated to St. Augustine. A small bell called Jerome rang in the roof turret .
At the beginning of the 19th century, the Catholic Christians lost the Frenswegen monastery and their little church in the castle through secularization . Through the French government, the castle came into the possession of three Nordhorn merchants. Through the efforts of the first pastor of Nordhorn, Johann Bernard Cordes, it came back into ecclesiastical possession. The municipality bought back the buildings for 6,200 Dutch guilders.
In 1824 the St. Augustine congregation, which previously belonged to the diocese of Münster, was assigned to the diocese of Osnabrück and raised to a parish . In 1826 the residence building was rebuilt and used as a church until 1908.
In the middle of the 19th century, members of the community tried to build a new church. The bishop advised against building a tower, but agreed to build a new church. The congregation founded a "Pfennigverein" under the direction of Pastor Hanewinkel and people went through the diocese to collect. The original zeal soon waned, however, as only a few donations were raised. The adverse conditions of the war years of 1870/71 and the ensuing Kulturkampf in Prussia put the planned building project on hold.
When the parish continued to grow around the turn of the century and it was soon no longer possible to guarantee an orderly flow of Sunday services, the pastor Lammers tried again to build a new church. The state's obligation to build was demanded, but to no avail. A newly founded "Pfennigverein" collected 15,000 marks. But building a new church continued to exceed the capabilities of the community. A census of 1905 showed 1617 souls. The conditions in the old church became increasingly inadequate.
In 1907 a larger emergency church was built in the immediate vicinity, in Burgstrasse, which should be sufficient for the next 15 to 20 years. The previous church became a school with a teacher's apartment. But due to the rapid growth of the community, in particular due to the development of the Nordhorn textile industry , the space in this building was soon no longer sufficient. Even the establishment of a third Sunday Holy Mass did not provide enough relief. In 1910, 2,300 Catholics were counted.
In the same year the church council decided to transfer the fishing rights of the Vechte, which they had acquired with the purchase of the castle in 1578, to the city of Nordhorn. In return, the city gave her the right to own the square in front of the emergency church. Large donations from the then leading families in the Nordhorn textile industry, Povel, Niehues, Dütting and Kistemaker, enabled the church council to put out a tender for the construction of a new parish church with 1,000 to 1,100 seats on February 25, 1910. For this purpose, the partially still existing castle should be demolished. A space of around 40 by 40 meters was available.
Building history
The architects Mündelein from Paderborn, Plassmann from Münster, Feltwisch from Osnabrück and Keith from Hamburg took part in the tender for the construction of the new parish church. The church council, parish council and pastor unanimously decided in favor of Josef Keith's design, which was based on early Romanesque Italian models, such as the Basilica of San Giorgio in Venice, a mighty octagonal central building with a dome , gallery and lantern and a 45 meter high bell tower in the style of a Romanesque campanile .
The Vicariate General and Bishop Voss rejected this design, which was reminiscent of early Christian churches in Italy, and favored Gothic or Baroque designs in a much more reserved design. After lengthy negotiations and a series of architectural changes, Bishop Voss gave his consent after more than a year.
The demolition of the two old church buildings, which began on September 11, 1911, was carried out quickly, but problems arose during the earthworks to prepare the foundation : The excavation pit produced very poor subsoil in large areas with two to three meters deep swamp surprisingly, despite the location and history of the building plot on the Vechteinsel, had not calculated. During a construction stop it was decided to stabilize the building ground with reinforced concrete piles . In February 1912, 254 piles, each between 5.50 and 7.50 meters in length, were driven into the earth with a steam ram before the foundations were concreted. This additional foundation work increased the construction costs considerably.
On July 28, 1912 Pastor Hanewinkel laid the foundation stone on behalf of the Bishop of Osnabrück. It is located in the last corner pillar of the sacristy. A glass container with a certificate is sunk into it, in which, among other things, contemporary events are mentioned. Various daily newspapers and a stone from the Domitilla Catacombs consecrated by Pope Pius X are also included in the container .
Before the onset of winter, the inner dome, which is 21 meters high, 22 meters wide and supported by eight corner pillars, was made of reinforced concrete - a very modern building material at the time . A wooden dome was placed over it, which is covered with copper plates . A lantern crowns the outer dome, which is decorated with a cross at its highest height of 36 meters.
On May 21, 1913, the gold-plated finial was attached to the top of the tower. On August 31, 1913, the five bronze bells were consecrated, which rang for the first time on September 2, 1913.
After a construction period of around two years, the Augustinus Church was solemnly consecrated on September 11, 1913.
architecture
The floor plan of the building, which is reminiscent of Italian round churches in its architectural style, forms an octagon , which is extended by an anteroom with main entrance and the choir room with altar . The dome, supported by eight brick columns, is 35 meters high and 22 meters in diameter. It represents a specialty in northern Germany and characterizes the Nordhorn cityscape.
In addition to the main altar, the church had two side altars, on the left the Joseph's altar and on the right the Mary's altar, which were available to guest priests.
The brick-red brick building is adorned with arched friezes and pilaster strips , two evangelist symbols , allegories of the cardinal virtues and on the gable corners with the figures of St. Augustine and St. Ludgerus , the patron saint of the church.
The rectangular chancel as well as the tabernacle and St. Mary's chapel are added on the south side . The portal front in the north consists of an entrance hall with a representative gable facade. The three portal arches continue to the east in a two- bay arcade to which the campanile adjoins.
The portal gable on the north side bears a Latin inscription written in copper letters from the liturgy of the consecration (I Cor 3, 17): TEMPLUM DOMINI SANCTUM EST - DEI STRUCTURA EST DEI AEDIFICATIO EST (“The temple of the Lord is holy - Is God's establishment, is God's edification ”).
tower
The 42 meter high church tower ( campanile ) stands apart from the church and is connected to the church building by a two-story arcade structure with a round arch . On May 21, 1913, workers installed the gilded finial on the top of the tower.
Peal
Little church and emergency church
In both pre-churches there was only one bell, the "Little Hieronymus". This bell was cast in 1556 and weighed 46 kg with a diameter of around 42 cm. The inscription read: Jeronimus is min Naem. Jan Moor mackled with MCCCCCLVI . (Jeronimus is my name, Jan Moor made me in 1556). The bell is said to have rung in Frenswegen Monastery; when she came to the Vechte Island is not known. When the "little church" was built next to the Residenzhaus in 1712, the small bell was in the roof turret, where it can still be seen in the photo from 1893 (see above), because the bell remained on the building after the service in the adjoining one Residenzhaus relocated and the church was rededicated as a school building. With the demolition of the old building in 1911, the bell found its place in the roof turret of the emergency church until 1913. The Hieronymus bell was given to the then newly built barrack church St. Marien in the flower settlement in 1930 or 1933. In 1938 a crack was found in the bell casing. Her whereabouts are unclear; probably the bell had to be handed in as a "metal donation" during World War II.
1913 to 1917
On August 31, 1913, five bronze bells were consecrated on the occasion of the dedication of St. Augustine's Church. The bell consisted of:
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Augustine bell (1.82 m, 3,640 kg, B-tone), as the largest and heaviest of the five -bell chime of St. Augustine, dedicated to the patron saint of the church.
Inscription: Sancte Augustine, cartridge eccless. Nordh., Precare pro populo tuo (Saint Augustine, patron saint of the parish church of Nordhorn, pray for this your people.) -
Mary's bell (1.51 m, 2.045 kg, D-tone),
inscription: Dignare me laudare te, virgo sacrata (Worthy of me to proclaim your praise, Blessed Virgin) -
Joseph's bell (1.35 m, 1,445 kg, E- flat ),
inscription: Beatissime Josef, morientium solamen, respice nos (Blessed Joseph, you comfort the dying, look down on us). -
Ludgerus bell (1.21 m, 1,062 kg, F-tone), dedicated to the parish's patron saint.
Inscription: Sancte Ludgere, in nobis luceat fides et ardeat caritas tua (Saint Ludgerus, may your faith shine in us and your love glow in us.) -
Alphonsus bell (1.01 m, 626 kg, A- flat )
inscription: Alphonsus vocor, invito omnes ad adorationem Domini (My name is Alphonsus and I invite everyone to worship the Lord.)
The Alphonsus bell was bought by the pastor Alphons Hanewinkel from his own resources and probably therefore bears his first name. It is the only bell that has remained in St. Augustine to this day.
1918 to 1945
As early as March 1917, the War Ministry had demanded the registration of all bronze bells "relating to confiscation, inventory and expropriation". However, the delivery obligation was initially postponed due to an existing art-value appraisal. In July 1918 this deferral was lifted for the Augustine and Joseph bells; in September 1918 - a few weeks before the end of the war - they were broken up and transported away.
It was not until 1938, due to problems with the metal procurement, some of which required government approval between the world wars and which was only issued for urgent purposes, that the community received two new bells. The Nordhorn manufacturer Bernhard Niehues donated the on the occasion of his 70th birthday
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Bernhard bell (1.76 m, 4,000 kg, B-tone), which was similar to the earlier Augustine bell, but was called the Bernhard bell in honor of the donor.
Inscription: Bernardi sacro campana tu nomine gaudens, Bernardus Niehues impiger incolumis Septuaginta annis functus quam surgere fecit, Nordhornensis sis nuncia melliflua. (You bell, who takes delight in the name of St. Bernard, which Bernhard Niehues resurrected after spending 70 years restlessly active and healthy, is a melodious messenger to the people of Nordhorn.)
At the same time, the parish acquired a bell that
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Joseph's bell (1.32 m, 1,650 kg, E-flat tone), which was similar to the earlier Joseph's bell .
Inscription: Beatissime Joseph, Marientium solamen, respice nos bello destructus pace restitutes. (Most Holy Joseph, comfort of the dying, look upon us after you have been destroyed in war and restored in peace.)
Like their predecessors, the bells came from the Otto bell foundry in Hemelingen. With that, the five-note bell was initially complete again. However, only for a short time, since in March 1940, after the outbreak of the Second World War, the Reich Interior Minister issued an order for the collection and delivery of non-ferrous metals contained in bells. The Reich Ministry of Economics issued a guideline that allowed every parish to ring a bell until further notice. On August 25, 1942, the four largest bronze bells were removed and waited for weeks on the station grounds for their removal. Only the small Alphonsus bell remained for the community.
After 1945
On September 25, 1950 the Niehues family donated another bell on the occasion of the golden wedding anniversary of the married couple Maria and Bernhard Niehues:
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F-bell (1.20 m, 998 kg, F-tone), which is similar to the earlier Ludgerus bell.
Inscription: Every day sing and say Praise to the Queen of Heaven - Our dear parents Bernhard and Maria Niehues for their golden wedding on September 25, 1950 in gratitude to Mia Mann, Lulu Paas, Heti Denk, Bernhard Niehues, Erika Greven.
On the occasion of her 82nd birthday, Maria Niehues donated a new one on May 23, 1961:
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Joseph's bell (1.32 m, 1,450 kg, E- flat )
Inscription: Joseph, opiflex sancte, opera nostra tuere. (Joseph, holy workman, protect all our work.)
These bells come from the bell foundry Petit & Edelbrock. The church had a triad ringing again.
In 1997 the fourth bell of the current chime was installed:
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Augustine bell (1.51 m, 2.045 kg, -ton)
Inscription: Saint Augustine, patron saint of the parish church of Nordhorn, pray for your people .
Exterior figures of the buttresses
At the corners of the gable front there are two bishop figures carved out of stone:
- On the east side there is Ludgerus looking into the city with a model of the church in his hand.
- The figure on the west side, with a book and a cross in his hands, looks towards Mühlendamm. It depicts Augustine, the patron saint of the Augustinian Canons and of the Nordhorn Catholic Church since the Reformation.
Originally, eight more outside figures were supposed to decorate the church pillars:
- On the four central pillars of the church, symbolic figures show the cardinal virtues : fortitude , justice , moderation and prudence .
- The evangelists Mark and Matthew can be seen on the two southern pillars of the dome . The two northern outer pillars were originally intended to accommodate Luke and John ; however, due to the changes to the construction plan, they found no more space. Only plaster models of these two figures have survived and are exhibited inside the church.
All figures were designed by the Hamburg sculptor Walter Zehle and executed by the sculptor Günther Stuchtey from Münster.
Leaded glass window
Originally, all the windows in the dome, the choir area and the gallery were colored leaded glass . The dominant central window of the choir above the altar was provided with a colored glass window on the theme of "Savior of the World". Most of these windows fell victim to the restoration work from 1954 to 1956 because they supposedly made the church too dark.
Only the windows of the former baptistery remained , which depict the divine virtues of faith , love and hope as motifs . The theme of the fourth remaining window shows the Holy Spirit . In 1966, the central window of the choir was given a new window picture in blue and red tones of Christ as Judge of the World .
Faith
love
hope
Holy Spirit
Interior and equipment
The interior has three entrances and is dominated by the dome, the choir area, six large wall frescoes and colored glass windows.
The dome is supported by eight mighty columns; the column passages separate the nave from the gallery. The blue of the dome is supposed to be reminiscent of the vault of the sky that spans the earth like a dome. Plastered walls alternate with brick. Eight brick pillars support the mighty dome; the column passages separate the nave from the gallery.
Most of the liturgical furnishings were recreated after the liturgical reform.
When the church was inaugurated, only part of the choir wall was colored, and some of the other walls were also painted years later.
Frescoes and paintings
Six large frescoes frame the church interior. They show events from Jesus' reading: the birth, the wonderful donation of bread , the bread speech , the Lord's Supper , the crucifixion and the resurrection .
These pictures have not been seen for 30 years.
In 1920 the Aachen artist Hermann Krahforst was commissioned to paint the church. In addition to painting the dome and the choir, he and his colleagues also created the six large frescoes. They show scenes from the life of Jesus. During the renovation of the church from 1954 to 1956, the interior of the church, including the dome, was painted white and the murals were covered with white sheets; In 1968 they were painted over white.
During the renovation in 1983, the murals were exposed and the dome was repainted according to the old model.
Choir room and altar
The canopy altar was originally located in the choir below the central window . This was also a design by the architect Keith, to which other artists contributed their ideas. Its column axes formed a square four by four meters. The altar steps, substructure and altar table including the three-meter long table top were made of colored marble. The tabernacle door was a valuable goldsmith's work. On both sides of the tabernacle and next to the exposure room, the twelve figures of the apostles carved from wood stood in two rows as guardians of the Holy of Holies. The canopy rested on four marble columns with capitals with gilded carvings.
At the beginning of the 1950s it became apparent that the floor in the choir area, especially under the heavy altar, sank threateningly. To repair this damage, the heavy and precious altar had to be removed; as it rose, some of the marble slabs cracked. This led to an expansion of the construction work, when not only the construction defect was repaired, but also a new altar was purchased in a new place and the interior of the church was renovated and fundamentally changed at the instigation of the then pastor Johannes Bunte and according to the plans of the architect Dinnendahl, who fundamentally changed the church too dark and no longer up to date.
The "new church" and the new altar were consecrated on August 4th, 1955. The large murals were hung with strips of fabric, large parts of the interior plastered and whitewashed, and the colored windows were replaced by light panes of glass. Together with the laying of light-colored floor slabs in the choir area and the removal of the canopy altar and the carved communion benches in favor of an altar table with a marble slab, in keeping with the " zeitgeist " of that time, the interior of the church was now barren.
The altar's staircase, which now comprises seven instead of the previous steps, was moved much further forward. The new altar table with its 2.50 meter wide, 1.50 meter deep and 30 centimeter thick altar plate resting on four marble columns made of black-ground, white-veined Schupacher marble stood in its center.
The reliquary shrine in the form of a small pyramid was walled in under the altar. Inside are relics of St. Andrew , St. Plechelmus , St. Gereon and St. Ursula .
The damaged canopy altar was destroyed, only the twelve hand-carved apostle figures that stood in the altar wall were given to Bardel Monastery . They came back when the church was redesigned in 1988. Since the figure of Simon was lost, Bernhard Schölzel from Klausheide worked a suitable figure. After thorough restoration, the figures were placed on the front wall in the chancel in December 1998.
In 1967 the hanging murals were painted over white, exposed again during the renovation in 1982/83 and partially repaired. At the same time, the choir was again fundamentally redesigned. It was enlarged and a new altar was placed closer to the congregation. The high steps leading to the altar were removed. A new altar and an ambo were made from the altar stone from 1955. A star-shaped candlestick consisting of two squares placed one on top of the other was placed above the altar.
The four meter high triumphal cross , a donation from the textile manufacturer Friedrich Dütting in 1914, was made by Gerd Brüx and shows Christ as the victor over death. The artist provided the ends of the cross with the symbols of the four evangelists.
Baptismal font
The baptismal font is a baroque wood carving and, like the lecture cross , comes from Frenswegen Monastery , to which there is a historical connection.
Originally the baptismal font was painted white and was already in the small church that was built in 1712/13 by the Augustinian Canons of Frenswegen. In 1826 the pool was moved to the Residenzhaus and in 1908 to the emergency church. In 1913 the baptismal font was placed in the specially built baptistery of St. Augustine.
During the extensive renovation work on the church in 1982/83, the basin was painted in color and the lid was crowned with a dove. Since then the basin has been in the choir room.
Further equipment
The lecture cross , the body of which was created around 1350, comes from the Frenswegen monastery .
In 1936 the sculptor Wilhelm Burg designed a new pulpit , which was manufactured by the marble works Allagen in the Sauerland.
The Hermann Povel family of manufacturers donated Eternal Light in 1914. It is a work by master goldsmith Folger from Münster.
For the feast of the birth of Mary on September 8, 1915, the icon made by the sculptor Brüx, “Mother of Perpetual Help”, another gift from Friedrich Dütting, was put up. This is a copy of the image of Mary that hangs in the Church of Saint Alfonso in Rome.
In August 1922 the side chapel, the former Joseph's altar, was prepared as a war memorial chapel. The altar shows the picture "The Death of St. Joseph" and is designed by Gerd Brüx from Cleve.
The Antonius Altar is a votive altar designed by Gerd Brüx from Cleve , which was installed in June 1921.
In 1958 the Niehues family donated a modern bronze statue of the Virgin Mary by Hans Dinnendahl for the side altar , which replaced the original Elizabeth statue. The new tabernacle followed in 1959 and stood on the new black altar table until 1965.
The figure of the Virgin Mary and the tabernacle were part of the fundamental redesign of the church from 1954 to 1956. Further planned changes were prevented because Pastor Johannes Bunte had been transferred and Pastor Wilhelm Jaeger had taken over the leadership of the community.
The Elizabeth figure has found a place in the church again since 1992, after having been stored on the church floor for almost 40 years.
tabernacle
pulpit
Perpetual help
Joseph's altar
Virgin Mary statue
organ
The organ was built by the organ building company Vierdag (Enschede) in 1973 and was first used in the Augustinus Church on December 13, 1975. In 1989 it was rebuilt in the game and register action by the company Fischer & Krämer (Endingen) and renewed in the game and register action in 2002 by the company Alfred Führer (Wilhelmshaven). A play cupboard was installed and she received an extensive re-intonation or new intonation, partly new reed voices (HW: Trp. 8 ′, P: Pos. 16 ′, Trp. 8 ′) and a minor change in disposition (exchange of the cymbal III of the HW against third 1 3 ⁄ 5 ′, sesquialtera II with divided loops, sub-coupler in manual II).
The organ now has 29 registers, two manuals and a pedal, slider chests, mechanical game and stop action mechanism, electrical setting system with 128 combinations on two levels. The 128-fold electrical setter system has two levels with 64 combinations each, all of the couplers and the sequencer of the setter system can be triggered using pistons. The disposition is as follows:
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- Coupling : II / I, I / P, II / P
literature
in order of appearance
- Clemens von Looz-Corswarem , Michael Schmitt (ed.): Old buildings and art monuments in Nordhorn . In: Nordhorn. Contributions to the 600-year history of the city . Nordhorn 1979, pp. 348-367.
- Sr. M. Willibaldis: Sankt Augustinus Nordhorn - From the beginnings to the present. In: Festschrift 75 years St. Augustine Church Nordhorn 1913–1988 . Catholic parish St. Augustinus Nordhorn, Nordhorn 1988.
- Hildegard Schulten: The bells of St. Augustine. Catholic parish St. Augustinus, Nordhorn 1996.
- Martin Drobny: Little Church Leader . St. Augustinus, Nordhorn 2012.
- Catholic parish St. Augustinus Nordhorn (Ed.): 100 years of St. Augustinus Nordhorn, 1913–2013. September 2013.
- Hildegard Schulten: "ad fontes - to the sources". Catholic life in Nordhorn from the beginning to the construction of St. Augustine's Church in 1913 . Catholic Church Nordhorn, Parish St. Augustinus, Nordhorn 2016.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Heinrich Specht: Nordhorn - History of a border town. (Ed .: Heimatverein der Grafschaft Bentheim), Nordhorn 1941, Bad Bentheim 1979.
- ↑ a b 100 years of St. Augustinus Nordhorn, 1913–2013 . P. 22
- ^ A b c Grafschafter Nachrichten of September 8, 2003: A touch of Rome in Nordhorn.
- ↑ 100 years of St. Augustinus Nordhorn, 1913–2013 . P. 23
- ↑ a b 100 years of St. Augustinus Nordhorn, 1913–2013 . P. 23/24
- ↑ 100 years of St. Augustinus Nordhorn, 1913–2013 . P. 25
- ↑ 100 years of St. Augustinus Nordhorn, 1913–2013 . Pp. 25/26
- ↑ a b c 100 years of St. Augustinus Nordhorn, 1913–2013 . P. 29
- ↑ Hildegard Schulten: The bells of St. Augustine. P. 4
- ↑ Hildegard Schulten: The bells of St. Augustine. P. 5
- ↑ a b c 100 years of St. Augustinus Nordhorn, 1913–2013 . P. 41
- ↑ Hildegard Schulten: The bells of St. Augustine. P. 5
- ↑ Hildegard Schulten: The bells of St. Augustine. P. 6/7
- ↑ Hildegard Schulten: The bells of St. Augustine. P. 7
- ↑ Hildegard Schulten: The bells of St. Augustine. P. 8
- ↑ 100 years of St. Augustinus Nordhorn, 1913–2013 . P. 54
- ↑ Hildegard Schulten: The bells of St. Augustine. P. 9
- ↑ Hildegard Schulten: The bells of St. Augustine. P. 10
- ↑ Hildegard Schulten: The bells of St. Augustine. P. 11
- ↑ 100 years of St. Augustinus Nordhorn, 1913–2013 . P. 58
- ↑ 100 years of St. Augustinus Nordhorn, 1913–2013 . P. 202/203
- ↑ a b 100 years of St. Augustinus Nordhorn, 1913–2013 . P. 28
- ↑ a b 100 years of St. Augustinus Nordhorn, 1913–2013 . P. 30
- ↑ 100 years of St. Augustinus Nordhorn, 1913–2013 . P. 40
- ↑ Martin Drobny: Little Church Leader.
- ↑ 100 years of St. Augustinus Nordhorn, 1913–2013 . P. 90
- ↑ 100 years of St. Augustinus Nordhorn, 1913–2013 . P. 201
- ↑ 100 years of St. Augustinus Nordhorn, 1913–2013 . P. 145
- ↑ 100 years of St. Augustinus Nordhorn, 1913–2013 . P. 34
- ↑ St. Augustine Church Nordhorn Dld, 1975. Accessed October 23, 2013 .
- ↑ Church music information: Church music in the Diocese of Osnabrück. The organ in St. Augustinus, Nordhorn. Diocese of Osnabrück, issue 44, March-September 2013.