St. Fabian and Sebastian (Rensefeld)
St. Fabian and St. Sebastian (coll. Often just: "St. Fabian" or "Rensefelder Church") is a church in the center of the Bad Schwartau district of Rensefeld and the oldest building in Bad Schwartau. It was built mainly from brick , especially in the tower numerous field stones were scattered flat into the brick masonry . Your nave covered one with tiles roofed gable roof .
history
Surname
The Rensefelder Church has the patronage of St. Fabian and Sebastian. This double patronage is found more frequently, since Saint Fabianus and Saint Sebastian have the same day of remembrance (January 20th). This day is considered the consecration day of the Rensefeld Church; it is believed that the inauguration took place on Sunday, January 20, 1163.
Building history
The (first) construction of a church in Rensefeld was carried out by Vizelin (or his successor). According to the Konrad deed of May 1, 1139, shortly after the conquest of Wagrien by the Holsten in 1138/1139 , Vizelin was commissioned by the Roman-German King Konrad III with the reconstruction of the destroyed church of Alt-Lübeck . Vizelin chose the place a little further to the west.
The first documentary mention of a church in Rensefeld took place in 1177 in the endowment document from Bishop Heinrich I for the St. Johannis Monastery (Lübeck) , which is a field stone or fortified church , similar to the other Vicelinkirchen , the Petrikirche in Bosau , the St. Laurentius Church in Süsel or the Feldsteinkirche in Ratekau . It is a single-nave hall church with a choir and apse built in the late Romanesque and early Gothic style .
In 1234 the church was badly damaged or destroyed when there was a dispute between Lübeck and King Waldemar II of Denmark and Count Adolf IV of Holstein over the fact that Travemünde belonged to them . The church in its current form therefore goes back to a new building that was subsequently built around the middle of the 13th century .
The church retained its originally Romanesque floor plan . There is much to suggest that the choir was once arched. Later additions, such as the so-called kitchen (today the baptistery) with the official chair, the chairs of the prince-bishop's officials, and in the south the Schwartau choir gave the church its cruciform shape.
In 1693 the original tower (under the direction of the Italian builder Antonio Petrini ) was replaced by a square tower made of field stones. About 100 years later, this new tower was already threatened with collapse and was repaired with bricks - which was repeated in the following time.
Renovation 1902–1905
In 1902 the community decided to have the church repainted by the Lübeck church painter Hermann Boht. In the apse were discovered during scraping the old paint to Baroque painting , and directly below it on the oldest plaster from Segeberger lime on one from the end of the 14th beginning of the 15th century originated executed in reddish contours figurative painting of the Last Judgment : Christ sits on a Rainbow . To his left and right to his left figures of saints such as Catherine of Alexandria and Bartholomew and angels blowing trumpets. Among these are the resurrected dead who, on the right of an angel, are led to bliss, while those on the left are conveyed to hell.
When the painting was uncovered, it was renovated in the style of the time without adding any missing parts . An early Gothic painting of the apostles under the base was lost because of the desolate mortar . Gothic ornamental painting was also uncovered on the so-called official chair on the vault . The crucifix, also from the epoch, with the two side figures of Mary and John, they too had been whitewashed, reappeared in their (assumed) color splendor. Further ornamental wall paintings were added to the old ones. The smooth plaster ceiling gave way to a beamed ceiling .
From oak wood produced pulpit and the gallery balustrade from the Renaissance received a look that was at that time (1902) for original thought. The apostle figures in the pulpit were polychromed and gilded. The disfiguring carvings from the Baroque period were removed from the sound cover and transferred to the parapet of the Schwartau Choir opposite the official choir. The sound cover, made of different woods, was treated with color. Here traces of inscriptions were found, most of which, however, could hardly or no longer be deciphered. With the help of the state archivist Paul Ewald Hasse , it was possible to decipher the following donor reference to the Lübeck councilor Johann Spangenberg :
Anno 1583 he made Johan Spangenbarch Dusse blanket of the predickstols, the caspel and the karcken vorehrett dar vmme datt Gades Wordthir under war.
Later buildings changed the gallery parapets, their fillings, as well as the part of the parapet located to the left of the organ gallery. They were provided with simple and flat Renaissance carvings and painted in dull green, partly decorated with white and red paint.
Renovation 1965–1968
From 1965 the church was again extensively renovated. The altar was replaced, and the apse window was given colored glazing by Siegfried Assmann in 1966 . The colored versions of the Triumphal Cross , whose colors had been reconstructed on the basis of the remains of paint under the whitewash removed during the last renovation , and the pulpit from 1902 were completely removed. In the northern extension a baptistery was built around the baptismal font discovered in 1952.
The exterior has been standardized, especially in the area of the southern extension.
Furnishing
The oldest piece of equipment is a granite baptismal font found in 1952 in the pastor's garden .
The brass - chandelier in the nave is a lübeckische work from the 17th century .
The north gallery is decorated with a prince-bishop's coat of arms in an acanthus frame from the end of the 17th century.
Bells
The historic bells of the Rensefeld church were confiscated and melted down for war purposes in 1917. In 1921, two chilled cast iron bells came as a replacement, supplemented in 1962 by the third, smallest bell.
These bells were replaced in 2015 by new bronze bells that were cast in the Rincker art foundry in Sinn (near Herborn).
graveyard
The church is surrounded by the former cemetery - on which there are still some old iron tombstones and crosses, as well as a war memorial for the fallen of the First World War - and a ring of linden trees.
The warrior memorial
Thinking stone
local community
The Rensefelder Church was the parish church of the very large Rensefelder parish , which until the end of the 19th century comprised the entire northern edge of Lübeck from Stockelsdorf to the Trave.
The church is of the Ev.-luth. Rensefeld parish used for church services in the church district. The community still includes the villages of Groß Parin , Klein Parin , Pohnsdorf and Horsdorf .
literature
- The repainting of the church in Rensefeld. In: Father-city sheets . Year 1905, No. 14, edition of April 2, 1905, pp. 56–57.
- Max Steen : Bad Schwartau - Past and present. Lübeck 1973
- 800 years Rensefelder Kirche - Festschrift for the 800th anniversary of the Church of St. Fabian and Sebastian zu Rensefeld on January 20, 1977
- Walter Körber: Churches in Vicelins Land. Eutin 1977, pp. 235-241
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Kirchen in Vicelins Land (lit.), p. 241
- ↑ Our bells ( Memento of the original from March 9, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed March 8, 2016.
Coordinates: 53 ° 55 ′ 16.4 " N , 10 ° 40 ′ 44.5" E