St. Ottilia (Salzdorf)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Exterior view of the St. Ottilia branch church

The Roman Catholic branch church St. Ottilia (also: St. Ottilie ) in the Salzdorf district of the city of Landshut in Bavaria is a late Gothic hall church that is ascribed to the Landshut Bauhütte. The little church in the so-called Salzdorfer Tal south of the city of Landshut has belonged to the Heilig Blut parish in Landshut-Berg since 1862 . It is consecrated to St. Ottilia (memorial day: December 13th) and registered as a monument with the number D-2-61-000-603 at the Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation .

history

The place Salzdorf 819 was first documented earlier, when a man named Ilprant all his possessions in Scalchodorf the Episcopal Church in Freising gave . In 1315, Salzdorf with its church and cemetery (which no longer exist today) is mentioned again in a diocesan registry of Freising , at that time as a branch of the parish of St. Petrus in Grammelkam . Salzdorf has only been a branch of the Heilig Blut parish since 1862 or 1867. The current building was built around 1480, during the heyday of the Landshut Gothic style, but the core of the nave is still Romanesque . It was probably originally built around 1250. In the Baroque period , the structural design of the church was partially adapted to the prevailing taste of the time.

Originally the church had three patron saints - St. Jodok , St. Lucia and St. Ottilia - all of which are celebrated on December 13th. This state of affairs did not change until the 17th century, when a boy was healed of an eye ailment at the intercession of St. Ottilia. As a result, a pilgrimage to Salzdorf began, which still today is evidence of the silver-plated votive offerings in the church. Only in the 19th century did the pilgrimage come to a standstill. To this day, however, the Salzdorfer Kirchweih on the second Sunday after Michaelmas (September 29) attracts numerous people to the otherwise tranquil village - albeit not as many as once: The Landshut chronicler Alois Staudenraus reports from 1835 that regularly around 6,000 people at the Salzdorfer Kirchweih and that “whole caravans have been wandering out of the city since time immemorial and camped on the green plain in front of the village as long as the white and red flag flutters from the old saddle tower”. In 1973 the church was extensively renovated under Pastor Atzenhofer - the last major measure to date.

architecture

Exterior construction

The branch church is a small, east-facing hall building . The choir is slightly wider than the nave and includes a yoke and a five-eighth end . The nave was probably built around 1250, i.e. in the Romanesque period, and its core is still preserved today. The late Gothic choir, which is larger than the nave, was only built around 1480. The exterior is structured by a tracery band in the form of a roof frieze running around the entire church , which is a typical stylistic feature of the Landshut construction works. This is painted with three-pass and fish-bubble motifs. There are also triangular pilaster strips on the choir . On the south side of the nave there is an arched screen with round bar profiling. The originally pointed arched window openings were enlarged and rounded off in the Baroque period. On the south side of the tower there is a small, arched sacristy window with a stepped lintel , which probably dates from the time the church was built. A sundial has been painted on the south side of the nave since 1799 . The only remaining church portal today is on the west side; the former south portal was bricked up.

The choir flank tower attached to the south is late Gothic and should therefore have been built at the same time as the choir. Above two storeys decorated with bevelled pointed arches is the bell cage, which contains two bells from the time the church was built behind double bevelled, pointed arched sound openings . These still have to be rung by hand today. A simple gable roof forms the upper end . The tower is the only unplastered part of the building; the Gothic brickwork is visible here, while the nave and choir are covered with white lime mud. A special feature is the inclination of the tower; it is inclined about 60 centimeters to the south. The sacristy is located in the basement of the tower ; At a height of around three meters, i.e. one floor above the sacristy, there is a door on the tower side, through which the upper floors can be entered.

inner space

The choir , which was probably enlarged in the Gothic style, is equipped with an elaborate ribbed vault , which rests on weak, bevelled pillars with hexagonal brackets in the shape of a canopy . On these consoles there are short, semicircular services from which the grooved vault ribs arise. At the crossings of the ribs there are round, plate-shaped keystones , some of which have superimposed, blunt pointed shields. The arches are whitewashed in an ocher tone. The chamfered shield arches are only faintly indicated. The vault in the sacristy is a simple star rib vault with a round keystone. The ribs, which are also grooved, rest on profiled, round corner consoles with heraldic shields . The vestry entrance is arched.

The transition from the choir to the ship is mediated by a pointed choir arch, bevelled on both sides at the edges and grooved on both sides . The nave, which was redesigned in the Baroque period, has a flat plastered ceiling with a large hollow . A wooden gallery has been installed in the western part of the nave . The area below is separated from the rest of the church with a grille.

Furnishing

Choir room

The central piece of equipment is the high altar, which is a copy of a Gothic altar shrine, which was made in 1973. Before that, there was a neo-Gothic winged altar in the same place . Today's altar contains three late Gothic clay figures from the second half of the 15th century. In the middle, Saint Ottilia is shown with a pair of eyes . This former pilgrimage image of grace is accompanied by figures of St. Barbara (left) and St. Catherine (right). A small painting can be seen on the predella depicting St. Ottilia as the patron saint of Salzdorf.

To the left of the high altar is the historic organ , which was originally part of the furnishings of the Maria Bründl pilgrimage chapel . On the wall behind it, there are two historical figures: St. John the Baptist from around 1520 and St. Jodokus from the Baroque period. The latter was often referred to as St. James the Elder because of the pilgrim shell . Ä. issued. A late Gothic figure of the risen Christ from the period after 1500 can be seen above the vestry entrance .

Longhouse

To the left and right of the choir arch, instead of side altars, there are only two three-quarters life-size baroque figures from around 1700. These are the two plague cartridges Sebastian (left) and Rochus (right). A framed canvas painting from the first half of the 19th century is attached to the left nave wall. In ten fields it shows scenes from the life of the church patroness Ottilia. Next to it is a depiction of the Madonna in the protective cloak from the last quarter of the 16th century. On the opposite wall is a painting from the early Baroque period showing Mary with the fourteen helpers in need. This was revised in the 19th century. On the same side, instead of the walled-up south portal, there is a modern painting by Rudolf Scheibenzuber , which shows Maria as the protector of Salzdorf. In the arched cover on the southern outer wall there is a baroque view of the town of Salzdorf, painted on sheet metal , with St. Mary and several angels above it .

Bells

In the tower of St. Ottilia there are two bells from the time the church was built. The smaller one has a diameter of 36.5 centimeters and is unlabeled. The larger one has a diameter of 46 centimeters and bears the inscription † sand · lvx · sand · marx in Gothic minuscules .

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f Stefan Kaupe, Community Officer : St. Ottilia in Salzdorf - A jewel box in the Landshut area . In: Brücke der Stadtkirche Landshut - Parish letter from the parishes of Heilig Blut, St. Jodok and St. Martin , June 2016 edition, pp. 20f.
  2. ↑ a b c d Salzdorf . Online at heiligblut.de. Retrieved August 1, 2016.
  3. ↑ a b c d e f g h i Kaupe, pp. 35–40.
  4. ↑ a b c d e f Anton Eckardt (Hrsg.): Art monuments of the Kingdom of Bavaria - District Office Landshut . Oldenbourg, Munich 1914, pp. 198-200 ( digitized version ).

Coordinates: 48 ° 31 '10.7 "  N , 12 ° 10' 31.7"  E