St. Peter (Grammelkam)
The Roman Catholic parish church of St. Petrus (also called Peterskirche ) in Grammelkam , a district of the municipality of Kumhausen in the Lower Bavarian district of Landshut , is a late Romanesque choir tower church that was probably built towards the end of the 12th century. It is registered as a monument with the number D-2-74-146-7 at the Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation . Since 1979 the parish Grammelkam belongs to the parish association Achdorf –Kumhausen with seat in Landshut - St. Margaret .
history
The core of today's parish church goes back to a late Romanesque building, which was probably built towards the end of the 12th century. The squat shape of the nave and the choir tower in front of it on the east side are typical of the construction period . It can be assumed that a previous church had been built in the same place a few centuries earlier, as Grammelkam was first mentioned in a document in 820 . The first documentary mention of St. Petrus dates back to 1315, when the diocesan registry of Freising in Grammelkam recorded a parish church and cemetery .
In the baroque period , a radical redesign took place. For example, the nave walls were raised, the window openings enlarged accordingly, a formwork vault resting on pilasters and a double gallery were added , and completely new church furnishings were created. Further renovation measures took place in 1902/1903, 1976 and 1996. In the latter measure, the ceiling paintings created in 1903 by the church painter Irl were renewed according to old templates. In addition, the furnishings, which mostly date from the 17th and 18th centuries, have been restored.
architecture
The late Romanesque structure of the parish church of St. Petrus has been preserved. The squat, three-bay nave and the choir tower in the east, the ground floor of which contains the chancel, are evidence of this . The datable even from the time it was built, round-arched south door with double stepped stone - garb was opened in 1976 again after it had been previously added long time. Local history research has shown that it has great similarities with the portal of the old Landshut Martinskirche . Both church buildings are likely to have been built around the same time. Another church portal, created in the 19th or early 20th century, is on the west side. The window openings in the nave and choir have been changed in Baroque style and are closed at the top with round arches. On the east and south side of the tower as well as on the west side of the nave there are clogged Romanesque arched windows. The brick building , which was still unplastered in the early 20th century, is now whitewashed.
The saddle-roofed choir tower with an almost square floor plan is decorated on the ground floor on the south and north sides with a simple, Romanesque round arch frieze on grooved console stones. This pattern is interrupted by the baroque choir windows. The ogival sound openings , again backed with ogive arches, and the round tracery cover in the stepped gable were made in the neo-Gothic style in the 19th century .
Furnishing
The baroque high altar , the structure of which is supported by four winding columns , was donated by Pastor Kapetta in 1686 according to the parish description from 1874 . The altarpiece was created by the Landshut painter Georg Franz Fischer around 1730 in the early Rococo style . It shows how Jesus Christ hands over the keys to the church patron Peter . The assistant figures above the side passages represent Saints Paul and Andrew . In the extract there is a picture of God the Father .
The neo-Gothic side altars, created around 1860, were replaced by neo-baroque altars in 1909 . These in turn were removed around 1970. In their place, there are now renaissance altars in a simple cafeteria . These show figures of Saint Stephen and Joseph . The popular altar and ambo were donated by a neighbor in the second half of the 20th century.
The pulpit was created towards the end of the 18th century in the age of classicism . In terms of style, it is reminiscent of the furnishings in the parish church of St. Nikolaus in Altfraunhofen . The Way of the Cross is a work in the Nazarene style . The lecture cross is probably the only surviving piece of this type from the famous Landshut rococo sculptor Christian Jorhan the Elder. Ä. A peculiarity came to light at the funeral of the last Grammelkamer pastor, Polland, when an old brick staircase leading under the church was discovered.
organ
The organ was created in 1906 by Franz Borgias Maerz from Munich . The neo-baroque prospectus also dates from this period. The pneumatic cone shop instrument with free-standing console comprises five stops on a manual and pedal . The disposition is as follows:
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- Coupling : I / P, Super I.
- Playing aids : Tutti
Bells
Before it was confiscated for war purposes in 1917, there was a bell from the 15th century in the tower of St. Peter . This had a diameter of 62 centimeters and bore the inscription † sancti spiritvs assit nobis gratia hilf got dvrch sand peter and sand pauls • amen in Gothic minuscules . The words were separated by stylized lilies . The 176 kilogram St. Peter's Bell from 1856 was also confiscated and melted down in 1917.
In 1930 the parish church received three bells that were cast by Johann Hahn from Landshut. Two of these bells had to be removed again for war purposes in 1942. Today there are again three bells: one from 1930 with a relief depiction of Mary and Child under a canopy and the inscription Fulgura frango, mortuos plango (Latin: "I break lightning, I lament the dead"); one from 1949 with a half-length representation of Christ; one from 1963 with a relief of St. Peter and the inscription vivos voco (Latin: "I call the living", continuation of the inscription from 1930).
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f Franz Attenkofer, Erich Stahleder: The parish church of St. Peter in Grammelkam . Online at www.erzbistum-muenchen.de; accessed on May 9, 2020.
- ^ A b Anton Eckardt (ed.): Art monuments of the Kingdom of Bavaria - District Office Landshut. Oldenbourg, Munich 1914, pp. 106-108 ( digitized version ).
- ↑ Bavarian organ database online .
Coordinates: 48 ° 28 '58.3 " N , 12 ° 9' 22.1" E