Strachocin (Stronie Śląskie)

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Strachocin
Strachocin does not have a coat of arms
Strachocin (Poland)
Strachocin
Strachocin
Basic data
State : Poland
Voivodeship : Lower Silesia
Powiat : Kłodzko
Gmina : Stronie Śląskie
Geographic location : 50 ° 18 '  N , 16 ° 53'  E Coordinates: 50 ° 18 '29 "  N , 16 ° 52' 32"  E
Height : 480 m npm
Residents :
Postal code : 57-550
Telephone code : (+48) 74
License plate : DKL
Economy and Transport
Street : Lądek-Zdrój - Stronie Śląskie
Next international airport : Wroclaw



Strachocin (German Schreckendorf ) is a village in the powiat Kłodzki in the Lower Silesian Voivodeship in Poland . It belongs to the urban and rural community Stronie Śląskie ( Seitendorf ) and is five kilometers south of Lądek-Zdrój ( Bad Landeck ).

Geography and climate

Strachocin is located on the Landecker Biele in the southeast of the Glatzer Kessel . Neighboring towns are Stójków ( Olbersdorf ) in the north, Goszów ( Gompersdorf ) in the east, Młynowiec ( Mühlbach ) in the southeast, Stara Morawa ( Altmohrau ) in the south, Rogóżka ( Wolmsdorf ) and Czatków ( Tschihak ) in the southwest, Konradów (Konradswalde) in the west and Kąty Bystrzyckie ( Winkeldorf ) in the north-west.

history

Parish Church of St. Maternus

Schreckendorf is the oldest documented village in the Glatzer Land . It was laid out under German law and was first mentioned in 1264 in a document from the Bohemian King Ottokar II Přemysl as ecclesia Sreckeri . Other spellings were Sreckendorf and Sreckdorf (1285–1295), Shrekkendorph (1325) and Schrekersdorf (1346). In the document mentioned, “the priest Daniel and his successors of the Schreckers Church” are given two hooves of land. It follows that the St. Maternus church was built at the same time as the village was built. For the year 1325 it is documented as a parish church. The village belonged to the Karpenstein rule in 1346 and, together with the neighboring villages Seitenberg and Gompersdorf, formed the so-called Grunddörfer . After Karpenstein Castle was destroyed in 1443, it fell to the Crown of Bohemia as a royal chamber village . For the year 1520 a mine and a hammer are mentioned for Schreckendorf. During the Bohemian rebellion in 1618, the Catholic pastor of Schreckendorf was driven out by the then predominantly Lutheran population. After the county of Glatz was taken over by the imperial family in 1623 , a Catholic priest was appointed again. In 1740 the Bohemian Chamber sold Schreckendorf to the imperial field marshal Georg Olivier von Wallis , who linked it with his rule Seitenberg .

After the First Silesian War in 1742 and finally with the Peace of Hubertusburg in 1763, Schreckendorf and the County of Glatz fell to Prussia . After the reorganization of Prussia, it belonged to the province of Silesia from 1815 and was initially incorporated into the district of Glatz . In 1818 it was reclassified to the district of Habelschwerdt , with which it remained connected until 1945. In 1939 there were 1454 inhabitants.

As a result of the Second World War , Schreckendorf and most of Silesia fell to Poland and was renamed Strachocin . The German population was expelled . The newly settled residents were partly displaced from eastern Poland , which had fallen to the Soviet Union . In 1960, most of Strachocin was incorporated into Stronie Śląskie (side village ), which was elevated to a town in 1967 due to the increase in population and industrial development. In the years 1975-1998 Strachocin belonged to the Wałbrzych Voivodeship ( Waldenburg )

Glassworks

In 1756 the then landlord Stephan Olivier von Wallis founded a glassworks in Schreckendorf, which competed with the Friedrichsgrunder Hütte of the Rohrbach brothers because of its cheaper products . After the rule Seitenberg was acquired by Count Friedrich Wilhelm von Schlabrendorf in 1783 , the brothers Ignaz and Christoph Rohrbach leased this glassworks. In 1795 the lease was terminated and the hut closed due to an alleged lack of wood.

In 1862, Franz Losky , who until then had leased the Waldstein glassworks near Rückers, founded his own hut in Schreckendorf with nine glassmakers and twelve glass cutters, whom he had recruited from his previous hut. In honor of the then landlady Princess Marianne von Oranien-Nassau , who had owned the Seitenberg estate since 1838, the glass factory was given the company name “Oranienhütte”. It was set up according to modern criteria with a steam grinding shop and produced sophisticated crystal glasses that were processed in the company's own and external processing plants. After Franz Losky's death in 1870, his son Wilhelm Losky († 1887) took over the business. The products of the company, which was one of the leaders in the glass industry, found worldwide sales. In 1924 500 people were employed and in 1929 the company was converted into a stock corporation. At the beginning of the 1930s, the glassworks stopped operating due to the economic crisis. The finishing companies worked until 1945.

As a result of the Second World War, Schreckendorf and most of Silesia fell to Poland in 1945 and was renamed Strachocin. The still existing glass grinding shop was dismantled. In 1950 glass production was resumed and from 1953 glassware was delivered abroad. After the factory building was expanded, the company was given the name "Violetta" in 1962. At the end of the 1960s, the company produced 1,000 tons of crystal glass annually and employed 2,500 people. In the 1990s it employed around 1,300 people together with the crystal glass cutting shop.

Attractions

  • The parish church of St. Maternus ( Kościół pw św. Maternusa ), located on a hill, was first mentioned in 1264 and rebuilt in the Baroque style in 1732 as a foundation by Cardinal Michael Friedrich von Althann . The tower was built in 1811-1816. The ceiling painting was created by Landeck painter Wilhelm Reinsch, the figures of saints, the guardian angel, the Pietà and the Way of the Cross by Landeck sculptor Franz Thamm around 1880. The crystal chandelier was a gift from the glassmakers and glass cutters of the Oranienhütte. Since 1960 the church has belonged to the urban area of ​​Stronie Śląskie.
  • Gravestone of the glass industrialist Franz Losky (1811–1870) in the cemetery.

Personalities

  • Losky , an important family of glassmakers and industrialists
  • Bernhard Hasler (1884–1945), German painter, graphic artist and drawing teacher

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Marek Šebela, Jiři Fišer: České Názvy hraničních Vrchů, Sídel a vodních toků v Kladsku. In: Kladský Sborník 5, 2003, p. 388
  2. ↑ Joseph Kögler : The chronicles of the county Glatz . Revised by Dieter Pohl . Vol. 4, ISBN 3-927830-18-6 , pp. 48 and 95