Torck

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Coat of arms of the von Torck family

Torck is the name of an ancient Westphalian noble family that has been mentioned in documents since 1204 . In the early days they also spelled Torke or Thoric (h) , later Tork or Turck . In the Middle Ages, the family provided numerous imperial court officials, knights, noble boys and officials, some in Brandenburg and some in Limburg services. In the late Middle Ages, one branch of the family managed the goods Vorhelm in Münsterland and Lengerich in Emsland.

history

Origins

The origin of the name Torck is controversial. Some researchers derive it from the Turks . In fact, the term Turkey appears in Western sources only a few years before the first Torck appeared, namely in a report on the crusade by Emperor Friedrich Barbarossa , Historia Peregirnorum . It is therefore assumed that the Westphalian knight Dietrich was nicknamed Turco after returning from a crusade in 1200 . He is considered the progenitor of the widely ramified sex.

The sex first appears in a document on January 4, 1201 in Dortmund with Theodericus Turco . Albertus de Torchhe appears in 1204 as the officialis of Emperor Otto IV. Bertold Torck was born in 1268 .

Albert Torck (* 1294), his son, was a knight of Kleve . Around 1313 he owned a servants' estate in the county of Arnsberg in Opphusen and a farm in Werne as a fief. His three sons were named Diederich, Henrich and Gyso.

Henrich Torck (* around 1320) had two sons, Albert (* 1346) and Hunold.

A grandson of Henrich's named Albert Torck was mentioned around 1394.

Godert Torck was the Brandenburg bailiff in Unna in 1406 .

Lubert Torck , apparently his son, administered the same office in 1457/58. In 1464 he had the castle of Mark put into safekeeping by Duke Johann I of Kleve. He was paid four Rhenish guilders for each crew member. Also in 1464 a Jaspar Torck Drost became Neuenrade.

Gerrit de Turck Herr van Bruggen (* 1398) was married to a lady from Pryndt and had two sons with her, of whom he inherited the eldest, Goddert, Bruggen.

Dietrich de Torck Herr zu Edingusen (* 1424), Gerrit's second son, was raised to the nobility by marriage in 1487 and since then has been nicknamed von Torck.

Torck zu Nordherringen (extinguished)

Goddert von Torck (* 1450) was Klevian house marshal and bailiff in Goch in the Lower Rhine region in 1489 . In 1495 he took over the Nordherringen house , which he had previously acquired from the Smeling family as a free estate, and married Catharina van Frydag . After the purchase of Nordherringens, Godert's cash was no longer sufficient for the bridal treasure of his daughter Elisabeth, whom Gordt von der Recke, bailiff of Werne , married. Gert von Beverförde took over the guarantee and Godert Torck assured him and his son Godert indemnity. For this he was able to expand his property elsewhere: in 1504 he took over from Deutz dat gude called Brandeshoff located zo Northerringen in the Kirspill van Heringen up deme Beysey . In 1507 the Blasumer Oberhof followed with the still existing lower courtyards as a fiefdom from the Volmarsteiners .

Goddert von Torck (* 1509), her son, was also Lord of Edinckhausen and married Helena von Heiden .

Jasper von Torck (* approx. 1550), her son, married Margarete, heiress of Galen zu Dinker and remained Catholic after the Reformation of the County of Mark. The family had their seats in the Catholic Church in Bockum . In 1584 the estate was able to expand for a total of 250 Reichsthaler - a sum that exceeded the utility value of both farms - by redeeming the fiefdoms of Mittorp / Eversmann, which had been pledged to him and which were owned by the von Neheim and Beverfoerde zu Werries family from 1510 to 1584 . They finally fell to the house of Nordherringen until 1631. Other acquisitions included the Bevermann, Brüggemann and Marckskotten farms on the church square in Herringen. In 1595 there was a dispute with citizens of the city of Werne and Stockum farmers, as they had blocked the way for some of Torck's people during a flood of the Lippe. There was a fight, as a result of which Torck's people were brought to Werne and were not released on bail. The subsequent process was finally handed over to the court of the Archbishop of Cologne. Around 1600 the Torcks also appropriated the Schemmannskotten and the lands of the Vollenspitschen Kapellenstiftung. Jasper's daughter Margaret was as Kanonisse to 1621 Hoerde added. Her sister Margret Catharina married the Catholic Arnold Henrich v. Fresendorff to Opherdicke . In 1628 Jasper compensated his vicar with an annual pension of 24 Reichsthalers.

Jaspar von Torck (* 1602), son of Jaspers and Margaretes, held the title of Lord to Nordherringen and Galen. In the Thirty Years War , the goods ran into economic difficulties. So in 1626 Rotger Torck was not able to pay the feudal fees of 32 guilders for his two Deutz fiefs, Brand and Pippelbrock, in these difficult times of war that were obligatory for us . In 1628 he married Sybilla Margaretha von Kalle. In the war he fought on the side of the imperial and fell in 1637 in an attack by the Hessians on the city of Hamm . He left a widow with several underage children.

Dietrich Adolf von Torck (1629–1682), her son, had to give up the name Galen again. He served as an infantry major for 14 years in the army of the Munster prince-bishops Friedrich Christian von Plettenberg and Franz Arnold von Wolff-Metternich . Under the Cologne prince-bishop Clemens August he had the rank of lieutenant colonel. He was married to Elisabeth Sophia Amalia von Schwansbell . After the war, the Torcks rounded off their tax-free Hovesaat by including fallow farms. This is how the Torcksfeld was created, a contiguous field of forty-two Prussian acres. Four full courtyards disappeared from the history of Herring at that time. The Torcks succeeded in cheating the rulers out of property taxes while the church taxes were being paid. The Brüggemann farm supplied the pastor with six bushels of barley as measuring grain for the former farms of Eickmann, Platzhoff (Plarenhof), Rollmann (also Kottmann), Altaristengut (2 bushels) and for Nordherringen itself. The Heidekotten Nölken was also owned by Nordherringen. Only the sole site of the Kottmann-Rollmannhof can still be determined. The name Rollhof north of the Lünener Weg near the Herringer Bach commemorates them. The house of Nordherringen was not poor in aristocratic justice and privileges. Free drafts and mill justice were privileges that earned the Torcks some talers. The Prussian state successfully took action against the aristocratic competition of its state mills. The residents of the Hamm office had to have their grain ground on one of the Lippe mills at the north gate in Hamm. Torck's mill, besides the two mills of the Brüggen family, that of Kettler 's only private mill, was still allowed to grind the Hovesaat's income for the noble household. In 1668 Dietrich Adolf pledged part of the Heuland in Herringer Mersch for 50 Reichsthaler to the Hülshof. In 1672/73 there were bloody clashes when the French-occupied Nordherringen Castle was attacked by Brandenburg troops and around 500 soldiers were killed. In 1678, Dietrich Adolf became supreme commander of the city of Münster. He died impoverished in 1682. In 1686, his widow wrote several times to the Deutz monastery : Not out of sacrilege and malice, but out of need she had not been able to renew the feudal contract so far.

Jobst von Torck , who as the eldest son should have taken over the indebted Nordherring inheritance, preferred an inheritance in the Duchy of Jülich. A relative, Stefanie von Raesfeld , Abbess of Bocholtz , had bequeathed the right of inheritance to Kreuzau Castle south of Düren to his father . When the canons of Nideggen did not recognize the donation and declared the fiefdom to have fallen back , Jobst's younger brother Dietrich Adolf von Torck (* 1657), who was canon of Münster, occupied the castle. Before the process that was coming his way, he backed away and gave up the castle again. In 1700 he married Elisabeth Charlotte von Fridag (* 1661) from the Protestant family of Fridag in Buddenburg . She made the following statement about her willingness to change to her husband's faith: I pledge, promise and swear by God and all his exceptions, saints and my soul, that I will forsake my place of worship and that I will occasionally abandon the Roman Catholic religion willing and willing to accept willingly and unconstrainedly and to persevere in death. So let me know the most holy and most unfathomable trinity and all saints and all God's chosen ones. In 1700 June 13th, Elisabeth Charlotte von Fridag, wife of Torck.

Dietrich Adolf von Torck (* 1683) married the widow of his brother who had died at the age of 26. Since canon law forbade marriage to his sister-in-law, he converted to the Reformed creed in 1735. In 1736 the Reformed consistory assigned him places in the church in Herringen (on the left hand on the choir at the burials of the House of Stockum) . From 1737 he appeared repeatedly as a member of the Reformed consistory. The Catholic mission station on Nordherringen was not affected by the change of religion; Law and government ensured the continued existence of the Catholic community. The marriage resulted in two sons: Friedrich Ludolph, the last lord of the castle in Nordherringen, and Giesbert Wilhelm Ferdinand, who remained unmarried and became a Prussian officer.

Friedrich Ludolph von Torck (1709 – approx. 1787) married Sophia von Romberg , with whom he had a daughter, and inherited the now heavily indebted Herringen estate. In 1751, the Prussian King Frederick the Great transferred the responsibility for salt affairs to the Klevian War and Domain Chamber , Johann Bertram Arnold von Rappard , and the Brandenburg Baron Friedrich Ludolph Torck von Nordheringen (and not Valentin von Massow , the Prussian Chamber President in Minden ) construction of the saline Neusalzwerk near the village Rehme and the establishment of Siedebetriebs of the salt plant in Mellbergen. Johann Bertram Arnold von Rappard and the Brandenburg Baron Torck von Nordheringen have also operated the Königsborn salt works in Unna since 1750 .

In 1758 the castle was besieged again during the Seven Years' War . It burned in 1764. The house that replaced the one that had burned down was much smaller than its predecessor. In 1777 the Freizapfen Brand am Grünewald and the first Nordherringer Kuhkamp were sold. In 1780 the Mittorp farm was auctioned off, which was estimated at 1109 Reichsthalers, but only brought in 780 Reichsthalers. Since there was no male heir, parts of the property in the inn at Grünewald were auctioned on February 27, 1787, as no one was willing to purchase the entire property with all accessories. Kotten and Höfe went into bourgeois hands individually.

Wilhelmine von Torck (* 1735) later married Carl von Plettenberg .

Only field names like Torcks Feld , Torcks Brauk and Torcks Plaß are reminiscent of the family in Hamm today .

Torck zu Kreuzau (extinguished)

Caspar Jobst , the older son of Jobst von Torcks, was an imperial major and was able to enforce his claims to Kreuzau Castle in court. In 1701 the castle was awarded to him. A year later he married Isabella von Dunkel there. The Rhenish line of the Torcks founded by him died out in 1883.

Torck to Pilckum (Flemish branch)

Diederich von Torck (* 1452), the younger brother of Goddert (* 1450) was born at Pilckum Castle near Unna and became the progenitor of the Flemish Torcks. He and his wife Maria Johanna von Herne had 5 children.

Caspar von Torck , (* 1491), his eldest son, married Catharina von Eberswin in his second marriage.

Lievin von Torck (Turck) (* 1534), knight, was also born at Pilckum Castle. He married Katharina de Coomans, with whom he had 5 children. He remained Catholic during the Dutch riots of the 16th century. As a result, he had to flee and his goods were confiscated. He went to the home of his wife in Flanders , where he became the ancestor of the Flemish line of the Torck family ( called Turck there).

Josse de Turck (* 1560), her eldest son, became nobleman van Bommel and lived in Ophasselt , East Flanders.

Pierre de Turck (* 1590), his son was lord of St. Pol en Nieuwenberg.

Chrétien de Turck (* 1632), his 2nd son, became mayor of Hemelveerdegem .

Torck zu Vorhelm (extinguished)

Another branch of the family owned the manor Haus Vorhelm near Ahlen around 1413 and then called itself von Torck zu Vorhelm.

Diedrich Torck zu Vorhelm married Anna von Heek in 1526. Her brother Haake von Heek ran the Lengerich estate belonging to the Werden monastery on the Ruhr and died childless in 1558. Thereupon Diederich Torck's son Rutger brought the estate into his possession against the will of the monastery and built a two-story stone house there. In 1565 a settlement was reached after he and his wife were able to remain in possession of the property, which he expanded into a castle in the following years, in exchange for compensation of 21,000 thalers and an annual payment of 25 thalers.

His son Johann Torck (1558–1638, canon in Münster ) took over the Lengerich estate in 1596 and married Anna Magdalene von Rhede zu Brandlecht in 1613 . The couple bequeathed several foundations to the Lengerich Church between 1607 and 1632.

When the male line of Torck zu Vorhelm-Lengerich died out afterwards, Wilhelm Friedrich von Rhede (canon in Münster), who had married Johann Torck's daughter Elisabeth, was enfeoffed with the court. The Werden Abbey did not recognize this change of owner family either, and led a lawsuit with him about the return of the farm, which it apparently won this time. Von Reede left his residence and in 1707 the manor fell to the Droste zu Vischering family .

coat of arms

The coat of arms of the Westphalian and Dutch Torck is divided, above red without picture, below in silver seven (4: 3) blue diamonds. On the helmet with red-silver covers, a little label labeled like the shield between a right red and left blue (or silver) open flight .

  • Coat of arms from Siebmacher's Wappenbuch 1605

  • Coat of arms of the von Torck family in the coat of arms of the Westphalian nobility

  • Coat of arms from Vorhelm

More name bearers

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Westphalia. Document book 3, No. 1
  2. ^ Franz Wiemers: The salt system on the Ems and Weser under Brandenburg-Prussia. A contribution to the history of the origins of the city of Oeynhausen. 1915. Münster, University, dissertation, 1919, section The construction of the Neusalzwerk by B. Rappard and v. Torck, hostilities with v. Massow, pp. 76-81.

literature

  • Bron: Wapenboek van de Nederlandse Adel. door JB Rietstap 1887, pp. 223-224.
  • Bron: Nederlands Adelsboek 1952. pp. 407-412.
  • Bron: Nederlands Adelsboek 1918. pp. 84-87.
  • Rudolf vom Bruch: The knight seats of the Emsland. Verlag Aschendorff, Münster Westfalen 1962, ISBN 3-402-05131-1 , pp. 130-136.
  • Genealogical manual of the nobility , Adelslexikon Volume XIV, Volume 131 of the complete series, CA Starke Verlag , Limburg (Lahn) 2003, ISSN  0435-2408
  • Anton Fahne : History of the Cologne, Jülich and Bergisch families including the Clevish, Geldrian and Moersian who lived next to them in family tables, coats of arms, seals and documents. Part 2. Cologne / Bonn 1853, pp. 163–164.
  • Heinrich Petzmayer: History of the former municipality Herringen . Publisher: Heimatverein Stadtgebiet Herringen eV in collaboration with the Hamm City Archives, Hamm 2003.
  • Johann Dietrich von Steinen : Westphalian history. Volume III, p. 1015.

Web links