Tresekammer (Bremen)

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The Tresekammer or Trese for short (from ancient Greek thesaurus 'treasure' or Latin tresecamere or Old High German treserye 'treasure chamber') was the city ​​of Bremen's first municipal archive . A chamber in Bremen Cathedral was also  referred to as Trese , in which valuable components of the cathedral treasure were kept.

The council counter

The Liebfrauenkirche (formerly St. Veit), the north tower in the foreground housed the council chamber

( 53 ° 4 ′ 35.8 ″  N , 8 ° 48 ′ 26.5 ″  E )

With the development of a city ​​council as an independent body vis-à-vis the archbishopric from 1225, important city documents and valuables began to accumulate that had to be kept safe. Since the 14th century at the latest (presumably even earlier), the council has used a room on the ground floor of the north tower of the Liebfrauenkirche , the old market and council church of Bremen, as a place of storage .

The bar could only be entered from the inside of the church and locked with two heavy doors, an inner one made of iron and an outer one made of wood. Access to Trese had only councilors, the keys were from the two Treseherren kept. A small, high window, which was closed with an iron flap when the room was not in use, was the counter's only natural light source.

Documents such as privileges , contracts and title , as well as valuables and city funds were kept in the Tresekammer . Due to the lighting situation, the premises were not suitable for studying the documents, so that documents were repeatedly removed, some of which were later not properly returned, as a result of which some archival documents were lost over the years or were only found again years later in the private estates by mayors or councilors appeared. In addition, the counter was not always considered safe. B. during the banner run  - an uprising against the council in 1366 - councilor Johann von Haren brought important documents and letters "to safety", whereby some documents were lost.

The archives were stored in five large oak cabinets with drawers, turn in shop were divided. The oldest of these cabinets came from the Paulskloster and contained the records and documents of the monastery, which came into the possession of the council when it was destroyed in 1523. A cabinet from 1559 had an inscription on a parchment in old Low German :

“ Hyr are vele breve, dar de stad van Bremen wol vorwaret mede is - van vorsten, heren, ridderen and knapen. Often yemant de stad anverdighen wolde, so soket ja na breven. "
(Here are many letters [documents] with which the city of Bremen is endowed - from princes, lords, knights and squires. If someone attacks the city, look for the letters.)

In the 16th century, Mayor Diedrich Hoyer created a register of archival materials in the Trese, which was later systematically completed from 1727 by the city's first official archivist, Hermann Post .

Stocks of the counter

The bar cabinet from the former Paulskloster with the categories Da to Dw
First cabinet (24 drawers each)
category content
A. Offices, Arsten , Aller , Altena.
B. Blumenthal , Bederkesa .
C. Castle , castle dam , castle toll.
D. Borgfeld .
E. Bürgerweide , Wümme , Kuhgraben.
F. Butjadingen , Stadland .
G B. generaliter ( Belge , Braunschweig ).
H Commandery .
I. Capitula, camera.
K Denmark (but without Danica privilegia et commercia, which sub Hansa).
L. Delmenhorst , Diepholz .
M. Archbishops except for Christoph .
N Archbishop Christoph.
O Archbishops after Christoph.
P Esens .
Q Exemptio.
R. Freedom of unmediated authority in the empire.
S. Freedom generaliter.
T Freedom (Salvische Tractaten. Swedish Salveguard. Vocatoriae ad Comitia et Pacificat. Osnabrück. Stader and habenhauser contract ).
U Freedom (Bruchhauser Treaty. Declaratio regio. Stader Treaty of 1741 ).
W. Spiritual and religious matters. Inns and poor.
X Spiritual beneficia.
Y Limits. Generalia.
Z Hansa et commercia.
Second cupboard (24 drawers each)
category content
Ba Hollerland .
Port Hoya .
Bc Holland and all of the Netherlands .
Vol H. generaliter ( Huchting and the area there. Horneburg . Hanover . Hadeln and Ritzebüttel . Hude ).
Be Lüneburg and Lunenberge.
Bf Langwedel .
Bg L. generaliter (Länderei. Langenstrasse . Lohgerber . Lehe . Lede).
Bra Wall Lord. Stables. Mills.
Bi Coin.
Bk Neuenkirchen .
Bl Oldenburg except for Count Gerhard.
Bm Oldenburg, Count Gerhard matters.
Bn Oldenburgica post Gerhardum.
Bo East Frisia .
Bp O. generaliter ( Ochtum . Ottersberg . Osterholz ).
Bq Schmalkalden .
Br Stotel . Bulkhead. Schütting .
Bs Bonds.
Bt A lot . Country dignity . Country sausages . Wildeshausen .
Bu Weser . ( Concerning the Weser and Geestestrom ).
Bw Composition (i.e. contract) until 1448.
Bx Composition after 1448.
By Zoll and Zise.
Bz Collection of notable writings.
Third cupboard (12 drawers each, others remained unused)
category content
Ca-cm Imperial privileges of the city.
Council / Senate Minutes.
Fourth cupboard (20 drawers each)
category content
Da – dw Archives of the former Paulskloster.
Fifth cabinet (54 drawers each)
category content
- Newer documents.

Whereabouts

The Bremen State Archives on the Tiefer in 1910

After more than 600 years, the archive was moved to the newly established State Archive on the Tiefer in 1909 . The former bar in the Liebfrauenkirche was redesigned in 1924 as a memorial chapel for those who fell in World War I and the 1st Hanseatic Infantry Regiment .

The five Trese cupboards survived the destruction of the building on the Tiefer in the Second World War . One is now in the seat of the Bremen State Office for the Preservation of Monuments in Haus Heineken on Sandstrasse, the other four in different locations in the State Archives on Kennedy-Platz, the oldest of them (from the Paulskloster) in the reading room. The former Trese holdings are kept in the State Archives.

The cathedral bar

( 53 ° 4 ′ 31.5 ″  N , 8 ° 48 ′ 32 ″  E )

The former bar chamber of Bremen Cathedral was located in today's textile room of the Cathedral Museum . Books, relics , chalices and other valuable church decorations were kept in it.

Remarks

  1. ↑ In Christian Nicolaus Roller's attempt at a history of the imperial and imperial city of Bremen, Volume 1 (1799) and Werner Kloos The Focke Museum in Bremen (1969), the south tower is incorrectly mentioned here.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b c Diedrich Rudolf Ehmck , Wilhelm von Bippen : Bremisches Urkundenbuch, Volume 1 . C. Ed. Müller, Bremen 1863, p.  IX .
  2. ↑ Dr. F. P. (most likely Friedrich Prüser ): The Bremen Tresekammer . In: Bremer Nachrichten . Bremen April 25, 1941.
  3. ^ Herbert Black Forest : The Great Bremen Lexicon . 2nd, updated, revised and expanded edition. Edition Temmen, Bremen 2003, ISBN 3-86108-693-X , p. 893.
  4. ↑ Information from the Bremen State Archives, December 16, 2011.

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