Ulrich von Richental

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Ulrich von Richental (* around 1360; † 1437 ) was a citizen of Constance who became famous for his German-language chronicle of the Council of Constance (1414-1418).

Ulrich Richental's chronicle: Cured animal from Lithuania as a gift for the king. (Konstanz, Rosgartenmuseum , Hs. 1, fol. 70 r )

life and work

Ulrich Richental was the son of a town clerk in Constance and had (probably as a merchant) achieved some prosperity in the town, where he owned house and land; he also undertook numerous long trips.

Ulrich Richental's chronicle: Fish sales in Konstanz (Konstanz, Rosgartenmuseum, Hs. 1, fol. 24 v )

In the years after 1420 he wrote an extensive chronicle of the Council of Constance in German on his own initiative, in the first part of which he devoted himself to the most important events in the course of the assembly, in order to introduce all participants by name in the second part. As a contemporary witness, Ulrich had witnessed the church assembly (for example, he attended the execution of Jan Hus in July 1415 ) and processed his experiences in the diary-like work that followed the church year, which he had decorated with pictures and coats of arms at his own expense and in which he did not speak orally A variety of statistical material from city documents and files was drawn on from his own and traditional notes.

Of outstanding source value, more than Richental's account of the political and church-historical contexts and his descriptions of ceremonial processes, are above all the numerous detailed information about food and feed prices, from which a colorful picture of the flourishing urban economic life and everyday bourgeois life during the years of the Council emerges lets win. Richental's work, in the words of Thomas Martin Bucks, is part of the “contemporary chronicle (...) for the citizens of the city of Constance, indeed for city citizens in general”, without representing “just a purely secular historical production”; "The line between historiography and literary characteristics" is "at least not exactly drawn" in Richental.

The illustrations, commissioned by Richental, also show "a wealth of life to a large extent realism: portly prelates, tough warriors, fine courtiers, fat flesh-faced men with cuffed noses, raw city servants, bespectacled chancellors, papal singers with wide-open mouths and narrowed eyes".

At the historic Haus Zum Hohen Hafen in Constance, the painter Carl von Häberlin depicted him on a large facade painting in 1905 while writing his chronicle.

Tradition and edition history of the Council Chronicle

Richental's Chronicle of the Council has come down to us in 16 manuscripts, all of which, with two exceptions, were written within a short period of time in the second half of the 15th century. Ten manuscripts alone date from the years 1460 to 1475 and can be partly traced back to the work of the Konstanz chronicler Gebhard Dacher († 1471), who also influenced the editio princeps of the chronicle published by Anton Sorg in Augsburg in 1483 . According to Buck, the conspicuous accumulation of tradition in the years from 1460 onwards is a sign that Richental's work became part of a “post-conciliar collective memory and history culture” in Constance at a time when the city was losing its former political and economic leadership role would have. The first print from 1483 is also an important heraldic source due to its numerous woodcuts and more than 1000 coats of arms .

In 1882 Michael Richard Buck published a text edition of the chronicle in the library series of the Litterarian Society in Stuttgart .

In 1964 the first facsimile edition of the copy of the Richental Chronicle that is kept in the Rosgarten Museum in Konstanz was published ; the accompanying text volume also contains image samples of other manuscripts as well as text contributions by Karl Fink, Otto Feger and Lilli Fischel. In 2002, after the 1964 edition, the museum created a CD-ROM that makes the complete facsimile and text version accessible via various control menus.

After some preliminary work published in essay form on the tradition, structure, content and iconography of the chronicle, Thomas Martin Buck presented a new text edition of Richental's work in 2010 ; As part of the Monumenta Germaniae Historica , a digital critical edition of the various editorial levels followed in 2019. A new annotated facsimile edition of the Konstanz manuscript was published in 2013, taking into account the new state of research.

The following tabular overview of the manuscripts known today is based, unless otherwise stated, on the descriptions in the continuously updated manuscript census and Bucks' study of the history of tradition from 2010.

Repository description Dating Provenance literature On-line
Winterthur , City Library , Perin Aa 1, foll. 276-291 Text handwriting, paper Mid 15th century Buck (2010)
Innsbruck , Tiroler Landesmuseum Ferdinandeum , DiPauli Collection 873, Bl. 1 r –78 v Text handwriting, paper around 1460 Manuscript census
New York City , New York Public Library , Spencer Collection of Illustrated Books, Ms. 32 Illuminated manuscript, paper around 1460 Aulendorf (Hans von Königsegg) Buck (2007)

Manuscript census

Selected digital copies of the NYPL
Prague, Národní Knihovna České Republiky, XVI.A.17, Bl. 1 r –280 BC Illuminated manuscript, paper 1464 Constance (Gebhard Dacher) Manuscript census Digitized
Konstanz , Rosgartenmuseum , Hs. 1, Bl. 1 r –150 r Illuminated manuscript, paper around 1465 Constancy Manuscript census Digitized 97 individual sheets (Commons)
Stuttgart , Württembergische Landesbibliothek , HB V 22, Bl. 117 v –167 v Illuminated manuscript, paper 1465-1467 Constance (Gebhard Dacher), Weingarten Manuscript census Digitized
Karlsruhe , Badische Landesbibliothek , Cod.St. Georgen 63 Illuminated manuscript, paper around 1470, Constance Sankt Georgen Manuscript census Digitized
Vienna , Austrian National Library 3044 Illuminated manuscript, paper around 1475 Ochsenhausen and Lambach Manuscript census Digitized
Zurich , Zurich Central Library , A.80, Bl. 35 r -73 v Text handwriting, paper around 1475 Manuscript census
Prague , Národní Knihovna České Republiky , VII.A.18 Illuminated manuscript, paper 2nd half of the 15th century St. Petersburg Buck (2000)

Manuscript census

Digitized
St. Gallen , Abbey Library , Cod. 657, pp. 132–228 Text handwriting, paper 2nd half of the 15th century Aegidius Tschudi Manuscript census
Karlsruhe , Badische Landesbibliothek , Ettenheim-Münster 11, Bl. 4 r –124 r Illuminated manuscript, paper around 1500 Ettenheim Munster Manuscript census Digitized
Zurich, Central Library, A.172, Bl. 132–228 Text handwriting, paper around 1500 Manuscript census
Wolfenbüttel , Herzog August Bibliothek , 61 Aug. 2 o , Bl. 1 r -239 v Text handwriting, paper Early 16th century Manuscript census
Stuttgart, Württemberg State Library, Theol. et philos. 2 o  76, volume 37 Text handwriting, paper Late 17th century Buck (2010)
Lindau , formerly the Imperial City Library (City Library) , P I 2 Text handwriting, paper around 1700 Lindau Manuscript census
(Codex Salemitanus, lost) Illuminated manuscript Salem Buck (1999)
(Codices Ottenburani, lost) (two manuscripts) Ottobeuren Matthiessen (1985)

Work editions

First edition

Critical Edition

  • Thomas Martin Buck (Ed.): Chronicle of the Constance Council 1414–1418 by Ulrich Richental (= Konstanz historical and legal sources. Volume 41). Jan Thorbecke, Ostfildern 2010, ISBN 978-3-7995-6841-8 .
  • Thomas Martin Buck (Ed.): Ulrich Richental, The Chronicle of the Council of Constance (= MGH Digital Editions 1). MGH, Munich 2019, https://edition.mgh.de/001/ .

facsimile

  • Ulrich Richental: Chronicle of the Council of Constance (1414-1418). With a commented booklet by Jürgen Klöckler. Theiss-Verlag, Stuttgart 2013, ISBN 978-3-8062-2782-6 .

New High German translation

  • Eyewitness to the Council of Constance. The chronicle of Ulrich Richental. Translated by Henry Gerlach and Monika Küble. With an afterword by Jürgen Klöckler. WBG, Darmstadt 2014 / Theiss, Stuttgart 2014, ISBN 978-3-8062-2901-1 .

literature

Konstanz, Haus zum Hohen Hafen, Ulrich Richental writes the Chronicle of the Council. Facade painting, Carl von Häberlin , 1905
  • Thomas Martin Buck: On the historiographical principles of Ulrich Richental , in: Writings of the Association for the History of Lake Constance and its Surroundings , Volume 117, 1999, pp. 11–32 ( digitized version )
  • Thomas Martin Buck: Fiction and Reality. To the text inserts in the Richental Chronicle. In: Journal for the history of the Upper Rhine . Vol. 149 (2001), pp. 61-96.
  • Thomas Martin Buck: figures, pictures, illustrations. On the pictorial literacy of the Richental Chronicle. In: Oliver Münsch, Thomas Zotz (ed.): Scientia veritatis. Festschrift for Hubert Mordek on his 65th birthday. Thorbecke, Ostfildern 2004, ISBN 3-7995-7081-0 , pp. 411-443.
  • Thomas Martin Buck: From Constance via Aulendorf to New York. On the history of the text and reception of an Upper Swabian Richental manuscript , in: Writings of the Association for the History of Lake Constance and its Surroundings , 125th year 2007, pp. 3-19 ( digitized version )
  • Thomas Martin Buck: On the tradition of the Konstanz Council chronicle of Ulrich Richental. In: German Archive for Research into the Middle Ages , Volume 66.1, 2010, pp. 93-108. ( at DigiZeitschriften )
  • Thomas Martin Buck: The council writer Ulrich Richental. For the social logic of a late medieval text s. In: Karl-Heinz Braun, Mathias Herweg, Hans W. Hubert, Joachim Schneider, Thomas Zotz (eds.): The Council of Constance. Essays. 1414-1418. World event of the Middle Ages . Theiss Verlag, Darmstadt 2013, ISBN 978-3-8062-2849-6 , pp. 16-21.
  • Eduard Heyck :  Richental, Ulrich von . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 28, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1889, pp. 433-435.
  • Michael Holzmann: The Council Chronicle of Ulrich Richental. Reflections on the various manuscripts , in: Writings of the Association for the History of Lake Constance and its Surroundings , 101st year 1983, pp. 73–82 ( digitized version )
  • Wilhelm Matthiessen: Ulrich von Richental's chronicle of the Council of Constance . In: Archives for Catholic Church Law . Vol. 17 (1985) pp. 71-191, 324-455.
  • Wilhelm Matthiessen: Ulrich (von) Richental . In: Lexicon of the Middle Ages (LexMA). Volume 8, LexMA-Verlag, Munich 1997, ISBN 3-89659-908-9 , Sp. 1201 f.
  • Dieter Mertens : Richental, Ulrich. In: The German literature of the Middle Ages. Author's Lexicon , second edition, ed. by Kurt Ruh , Volume 8, Berlin / New York 1992, Sp. 55-60.
  • Gisela Wacker: Ulrich Richental's chronicle of the Council of Constance and its functionalization in the 15th and 16th centuries. Aspects of the reconstruction of the original and the intended effects of the traditional manuscripts and prints. Dissertation, University of Tübingen, 2002, urn : nbn: de: bsz: 21-opus-5203 .
  • Harald Derschka: The grandparents of the council writer Ulrich Richental. A source find from the feudal books of Reichenau Abbey and its consequences . In: Writings of the Association for the History of Lake Constance and its Surroundings . 133th issue. Jan Thorbecke Verlag der Schwabenverlag AG, Ostfildern 2015, ISBN 978-3-7995-1721-8 , p. 39-53 .

Web links

Commons : Ulrich Richental  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Remarks

  1. ↑ Thomas Martin Buck: On the historiographical principles of Ulrich Richental. In: Writings of the Association for the History of Lake Constance and its Surroundings , Volume 117, 1999, pp. 11–32, here pp. 24 and 27.
  2. ↑ Thomas Martin Buck (ed.): Chronicle of the Konstanz Council 1414–1418 by Ulrich Richental (= Konstanzer Geschichts- und Rechtsquellen. Volume 41). Jan Thorbecke, Ostfildern 2010, ISBN 978-3-7995-6841-8 , introduction p. XVII.
  3. ^ Hans Rupprich : The German literature from the late Middle Ages to the Baroque. Volume 1: The Ending Middle Ages, Humanism and Renaissance, 1370–1520. Second edition, reworked. by Hedwig Heger (= History of German Literature from the Beginnings to the Present , Volume 4). Beck, Munich 1994, ISBN 3-406-37898-6 , p. 149 (the quotation is attributed to Franz Herberhold without citing the source).
  4. ↑ See the commentary overview by Thomas Martin Buck: Ulrich Richental on the tradition of the Konstanz Council chronicle. In: German Archive for Research into the Middle Ages , Volume 66.1, 2010, pp. 93-108.
  5. ↑ Thomas Martin Buck: On the transmission of the Konstanz Council chronicle of Ulrich Richental. In: German Archive for Research into the Middle Ages , Volume 66.1, 2010, pp. 93–108, here p. 95 with note 10 and p. 106f. with notes 40–41.
  6. ↑ Thomas Martin Buck: On the transmission of the Konstanz Council chronicle of Ulrich Richental. In: German Archive for Research into the Middle Ages , Volume 66.1, 2010, pp. 93-108, quotation p. 108.
  7. ↑ Ulrichs von Richental Chronicle of the Council of Constance 1414 to 1418. Ed. By Michael Richard Buck (= Library of the Litterarian Society in Stuttgart), Volume 158. Tübingen 1882. , ( DjVu format)
  8. ↑ Ulrich von Richental: The Council of Constance 1414-1418. , Part 1: Facsimile. Part 2: Commentary and Text. , edit. by Otto Feger , Keller-Verlag, Starnberg 1964.
  9. ↑ Thomas Martin Buck (ed.): Ulrich Richental, The Chronicle of the Council of Constance (= MGH digital editions 1). MGH, Munich 2019, https://edition.mgh.de/001/
  10. ↑ See the overview of the manuscripts .
  11. ↑ Thomas Martin Buck: On the transmission of the Konstanz Council chronicle of Ulrich Richental. In: German Archive for Research into the Middle Ages , Volume 66.1, 2010, pp. 93-108, especially pp. 97f .; ( at DigiZeitschriften )
  12. ↑ Thomas Martin Buck: On the transmission of the Konstanz Council chronicle of Ulrich Richental. In: German Archive for Research into the Middle Ages , Volume 66.1, 2010, pp. 93-108, here p. 98 ( at DigiZeitschriften ). The manuscript is not listed in the manuscript census (as of June 17, 2013) .
  13. ↑ Description and further references in the manuscript census .
  14. ^ Thomas Martin Buck: From Constance via Aulendorf to New York. On the history of the text and reception of an Upper Swabian Richental manuscript. In: Writings of the Association for the History of Lake Constance and its Surroundings , Volume 125, 2007, pp. 3-19.
  15. ↑ Description and further references in the manuscript census .
  16. ↑ Description and further references in the manuscript census .
  17. ↑ Description and further references in the manuscript census .
  18. ↑ Description and further references in the manuscript census .
  19. ↑ Description and further references in the manuscript census .
  20. ↑ Description and further references in the manuscript census .
  21. ↑ Description and further references in the manuscript census .
  22. ↑ Thomas Martin Buck: The former St. Petersburg Richental manuscript (today: Prague, Cod. VII A 18). Text and iconography. In: German Archive for Research into the Middle Ages . Volume 56, 2000, pp. 593-602. ( at DigiZeitschriften )
  23. ↑ Description and further references in the manuscript census .
  24. ↑ Description and further references in the manuscript census .
  25. ↑ after Thomas Martin Buck: On the transmission of Ulrich Richental's Chronicle of the Council of Constance. In: German Archive for Research into the Middle Ages , Volume 66.1, 2010, pp. 93–108, here p. 98. ( at DigiZeitschriften )
  26. ↑ Description and further references in the manuscript census .
  27. ↑ Description and further references in the manuscript census .
  28. ↑ Thomas Martin Buck: On the transmission of the Konstanz Council chronicle of Ulrich Richental. In: German Archive for Research into the Middle Ages , Volume 66.1, 2010, pp. 93-108, here p. 98 ( at DigiZeitschriften ). The manuscript is not dated in the manuscript census (as of June 17, 2013) .
  29. ↑ Description and further references in the manuscript census .
  30. ↑ Thomas Martin Buck: On the transmission of the Konstanz Council chronicle of Ulrich Richental. In: German Archive for Research into the Middle Ages , Volume 66.1, 2010, pp. 93-108, here p. 98 ( at DigiZeitschriften ). The manuscript is not listed in the manuscript census (as of June 17, 2013) .
  31. ↑ Description and further references in the manuscript census .
  32. ↑ Thomas Martin Buck: The Codex Salemitanus. Reconstruction of a lost Richental manuscript. In the S. (Ed.): Sources, criticism, interpretation. Celebration for the 60th birthday of Hubert Mordek. Lang, Frankfurt am Main a. a. 1999, ISBN 3-631-34883-5 , pp. 247-278.
  33. ↑ Ulrich Matthiessen: Richentals Chronik des Konstanzer Konszils. Studies on the treatment of a universal major event by the civil chronicle. In: Annuarium historiae conciliorum. Volume 17.1, 1985, pp. 71-191, and Volume 17.2, 1985, pp. 323-455, here pp. 191 and 401-404.
  34. ↑ Cf. no. M38152 in the complete catalog of incandescent prints .
personal data
SURNAME Ulrich von Richental
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Historiographer of the Council of Constance
DATE OF BIRTH around 1360
DATE OF DEATH 1437