Wały
| Wały (Waly) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
 Help on coat of arms |
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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | Lower Silesia | ||
| Powiat : | Wołów | ||
| Area : | 2.00 km² | ||
| Geographic location : | 51 ° 16 ' N , 16 ° 47' E | ||
| Height : | 109-120 m npm | ||
| Residents : | 250 | ||
| Postal code : | PL56120 | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 071 | ||
| License plate : | DWL | ||
| Economy and Transport | |||
| Rail route : | In Brzeg Dolny (5 km) | ||
| Next international airport : | In Wroclaw (35 km) | ||
| administration | |||
| Mayor : | Andrzej Borowiak | ||
| Website : | www.waly.brzegdolny.pl | ||
Wały (Waly) (German: Reichwald, Reichwalde) is a Polish village in the Lower Silesian Voivodeship , which belongs to the municipality of Brzeg Dolny (German: Dyhernfurth). It is located north of the Czech Republic and east of Saxony, on the right bank of the Oder, and is 29 kilometers northwest of Wroclaw . From 1975 to 1998 the village was under the administration of the Wrocław Province. Until the end of 1999 the village was called Wały Śląskie (Waly Slaskie).
The city is located in the Oder valley, where an area can be artificially flooded when the water level is high due to the dam built in 1958. The village is located 3.5 km east of Brzeg Dolny (Dyhemfurth), at an altitude of 109 m to 120 m above sea level.
history
The German name Reichwald was used for Waly until 1945 , then Waly Slaskie until 1999 . A settlement has emerged from the one-street village today , which is far removed from the central historical buildings.
The village was first mentioned on April 7, 1301, when Rychinwald (district of Hagedorn) became the property of Heinrich III. appointed. In 1328 the settlement was mentioned again as the property of Poppo von Haugwitz , who later also owned the town (then the village) of Dyhernfurth (Brzeg Dolny). In 1353 the village was given a mill and with it four fields of arable land (1 field of arable land had 17 to 24 hectares). In 1530 the village was given to the Falkenhain family , who built a church . This was often modernized and demolished in the mid-1950s due to its poor technical condition. In the 18th century, Reichwald changed hands: it was transferred to Hans-Ernst von Niebelschutz . As a result of the Silesian Wars (between 1740 and 1742), Silesia including Waly (Reichwald) was annexed to the Prussian state .
In 1840 a brick factory was built that produced bricks and roof tiles for over 100 years. Due to the floods in 1903-1910, the settlement of the residential buildings was changed. In 1931 the church was closed. The adjoining cemetery was used as such until the 1940s.
Towards the end of the Second World War , the region was populated with people from different places. Most came from the eastern parts of Poland, from Lukowiec (Wiszniewski and Zurowski) near Stanislawow. The first transport of Polish expellees arrived on November 19, 1945, and two more transports followed two and a half years later.
In 1953 the following objects were discovered during archaeological excavations in Waly (Reichwald): an oak canoe , fragments of a paddle and a wooden boat and accessories - from the time of Henrik IV Probus (1260–90). Another discovery was that of the prehistoric stone tools from the years 8000–4200 BC. A fragment of a stone hammer was found from the Neolithic Age (4200–1700 BC).
Two grave fields (in the north and northeast of the village) have been found from the Bronze Age, as well as the remains of the settlements from 1700 to 650 BC. Chr.
In the years 1959–1968 there was a primary school with four classes in Waly. Where the church and the cemetery used to be, today you can only find the ruins of the cemetery. The village was very wealthy in the pre-war period. It had a school , a butcher , two bakeries , a mill, a docking station for ships, brickworks, a church with a cemetery, a brewery (since 1830), an estate , passenger ferries and two inns for visitors who were passing through. The Reichwald map was published in 1893 and shows that there was a main road running through the village towards Wrocław. The road to the ferry (next to St. Stanislaus) and the road to the village were paved. Today the paved road to the ferry no longer exists. The Chapel of St. Stanislaus was built in the late 1950s.
The castle is an important sight . The fortified castle is built in the shape of a funnel . The dam rises up to 3.2 m above the level of the moat . The dam has a diameter of approx. 30 m, and the anger approx. 20 m. In the middle of the Angers another dam was built at a height of one meter and its diameter is 7.5 m. The width of the moat is 7 m to 20 m.
Reichwald counted 140 inhabitants in 1787, 1845: 248, 1885: 198, 1905: 235, 1925: 201 (including 136 Protestants and 65 Catholics ), 1933: 251 and 1939: 297 inhabitants.
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ZKZ Energetyk sailing club
The sailing club "Energetyk" was officially registered in 1966. The beginnings of sailing in Waly (Wohlau) are related to the construction of the hydropower plant . The flooded land in front of the dam offered enough space for sailing . The first idea was to offer sailing exclusively for tourism . However, the villagers developed from hobby sailors to professional athletes who devoted themselves to sailing and whose achievements could keep up with Europe-wide competition. They won most of the medals in the 1970s and 1980s: they won more than a dozen master and runner-up titles in Poland (e.g. in the OK class, cadet) and one European runner-up. Due to the achievements and fame of the sailors, the club built another hangar for sports equipment and a large pavilion with a gym. Today more than a dozen people sail, mostly children, who are active in the Optimist class .
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The marina has a bridge made of steel and wood, a small slide, electric winches for loading the boats, a small boat workshop, a hangar and a restaurant . The current fleet of "Energetyk" consists of 10 Optimist class boats - which are intended for children. There are two Omega, Orion (the boat cabin) sailboats. The club also has yachts on which you can spend a few days: They are called “Tango”, “Nesz”, “Konrad 600”, “Sportina” and “Pulsatilla”. The club also owns racing boats: three 470 class boats , two 420 class boats , four Okey'e, two Cadet , FD's, five kayaks and three motor boats.
The association offers accommodation in 11 well-equipped huts as well as the possibility to spend the winter in your own private yacht. Every year the courses for sailing patents are organized as well as a yacht regatta - for several years also the famous long distance races from Breslau to Waly (Wohlau).
Waly hydropower plant
“The Waly hydropower plant” is located 30 km northwest of Breslau, near Brzeg Dolny (Dyhernfurth) on the Oder at kilometer 281.5. It is one of the largest and most modern hydropower plants in Lower Silesia and was built after the Second World War (1954–1958) by a group of specialists from Poland and Czechoslovakia . At national level, it ranks 13th in terms of hydropower generation .
The choice of the location of the power plant was decided by the existing barrage for the purposes of water communication. The accumulation of the water was used to produce electricity. The stowage consists of a movable weir , equipped with 5 slides (each with a span of 23 meters), a lock chamber and an expansion tank of 5,000,000 m³. The catchment area (damming up of the water) of the river results in a profile of 26,460 km². The damming of the river at the point reaches the level of 108 m above sea level . Because of the damming, the groundwater level in the region rose by an average of 5 m.
The annual electricity production averages 45,000,000 kWh.
Individual evidence
- ^ Richard Juhnke, Wohlau, Wurzburg 1965, s. 341
- ^ Irena Koziol, Jerzy Zaleski, Miasto i Gmina Brzeg Dolny, Wrocław 1992, s. 62;
- ↑ Andrzej Manasterski, Waly czyli Bogaty Las, (w :) Gazeta Piastowska, no 125 (132), 2009, p.11;
- ^ Richard Juhnke, Wohlau, Wurzburg 1965 (dalej: Juhnke), s. 52
- ↑ Andrzej Manasterski, Ilu nas…, (w :) Gazeta Piastowska, nr 153 (160), 2010, s. 1
