Kreuzkapelle (Dittwar)

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Kreuzkapelle (Kreuzhölzle) near Dittwar, inaugurated in 1683

The Roman Catholic Kreuzkapelle (also known as Kreuzhölzle ) in Dittwar , a district of Tauberbischofsheim in the Main-Tauber district in Baden-Württemberg , was inaugurated in 1683. Pilgrimages to Kreuzhölzle have been made since 1670 . The name Kreuzhölzle is often used for the chapel and comes from the Dittwar field name Kreuzhölzlein , on which the Kreuzkapelle is located. The Kreuzkapelle belongs to the Dittwarer parish of St. Laurentius of the pastoral care unit Tauberbischofsheim, which is assigned to the deanery Tauberbischofsheim of the Archdiocese of Freiburg .

history

Origins of the pilgrimage to the "Kreuzhölzle"

Altar of the Kreuzkapelle, with duplicates of the wooden figures (Maria and Johannes) found in 1669 in the middle

A deaf-mute girl from Dittwar, Anna Maria Krank, found two figures depicting Maria and Johannes in an oak while collecting wood in 1669. Anna Maria also showed the figures to her brother Jakob, who cut the tree at the site to find it. As a result, a small altar was initially erected at the site. A pilgrimage to Kreuzhölzle has been documented since 1670 .

The pilgrimage to Kreuzhölzle became better known from year to year. Soon the pilgrims came from more distant places. In the 18th century, a cattle disease caused almost all of Bischofsheim to make a pilgrimage to Dittwar. According to tradition, especially devout people with special concerns used to slip on their knees up the path to the Kreuzkapelle.

Chapels and relics

Gottfried Hammerich OPraem from Dittwar , a patron of the pilgrimage, donated the funds for the construction of the first wooden cruciform chapel at the site, which was soon followed by a stone building. From 1683 the oak tree no longer existed and the altar of today's Kreuzkapelle at Kreuzhölzle Dittwar was erected over the tree stump.

Way of the Cross

Stone figure of the rest of Christ , Jesus sitting next to the cross, on the edge of the Way of the Cross
Way of the Cross to the Dittwarer Kreuzkapelle
I. Jesus is sentenced to death
II. Jesus takes the cross on his shoulders
III. Jesus falls under the cross for the first time
IV. Jesus meets his St. mother
V. Simon of Cyrene helps Jesus carry the cross
VI. Veronica gives Jesus the handkerchief
VII. Jesus falls under the cross for the second time
VIII. Jesus comforts the weeping women of Jerusalem
IX. Jesus falls under the cross for the third time
X. Jesus is stripped of his clothes
XI. Jesus is nailed to the cross
XII. Jesus dies on the cross, in the background the Calvary Chapel
XIII. The body of Jesus is removed from the cross
XIV. Jesus is placed in the tomb
Kreuzkapelle ( Kreuzhölzle ) near Dittwar, inaugurated in 1683
Mariengrotte at Dittwarer Kreuzhölzle, built in the 1790s

A way of the cross leads from the village to the Dittwarer Kreuzkapelle at Kreuzhölzle. Johannes Carolus Sauer, a former administrator of the hospital in Tauberbischofsheim, donated a stone figure in 1728 that depicts Jesus sitting next to the cross, with which he hoped for special grace. This is called the rest of Christ and is located next to the Way of the Cross between the fourth and fifth station, before the beginning of the chapel forest. In 1730 a sacristy was added to the chapel. In 1747 an episcopal commission granted permission to print the first little pilgrimage book.

As a result, an organ was also installed and the Way of the Cross received 14 small stone chapels as stations of the cross. The Way of the Cross in 1747 was donated by the hospital administrator at the time, Christoph Bernhard Müller. The inauguration of the Way of the Cross took place in 1759 by the Tauberbischofsheim Franciscans .

The 12th chapel was called " Kalvarienberg " because it was larger than the rest and in the "Kalvarienbergkapelle" there was an altar in memory of the crucifixion. 1,361 steps were counted from the first station to the Calvary; According to legend, this should be the distance from the historical Way of the Cross in Jerusalem. In the first pilgrimage booklet, a number of other miracles were also listed that are said to have occurred in 1670. Originally the Dittwarer Kalvarienbergkapelle was a dwelling of the hermits. This was converted into another chapel by a baron Bettendorff zu Gissigheim .

Mary's Grotto

In the 1790s, a Marian grotto (also called Lourdes grotto), located 60 steps behind the chapel, was added and enlarged soon afterwards. It consists of travertine lumps from the Dittwar district of Heidenkessel .

Pilgrimage today

In 1983 they celebrated the 300th anniversary of the Kreuzkapelle with a local festival. On the occasion of the Heimatfest, the parish published a new pilgrimage booklet that year and carried out extensive renovations between 1977 and 1983 on the Chapel of the Cross, the Stations of the Cross and the St. Mary's Grotto. In 2009 the 250th anniversary of the consecration of the Way of the Cross was celebrated with a festival of the cross. Today pilgrimages take place annually in May to find the cross and in September to exalt the cross.

Monument protection

The Kreuzkapelle is a cultural monument of the city of Tauberbischofsheim. She gets along with the nearby Calvary Chapel , a shrine and the Stations of the Cross as a material entity under monument protection .

literature

  • Manfred Maninger: Chronicle of the community Dittwar. Heimat- und Kulturverein Dittwar e. V., accessed on June 22, 2015 (published 1968, made available online by Heimat- und Kulturverein Dittwar e.V.).
  • Franz Gehrig : Das Kreuzhölzle: Chapel - Way of the Cross - Pilgrimage to Dittwar; today: Tauberbischofsheim-Dittwar. Catholic parish of St. Laurentius Dittwar, Dittwar 1982.
  • Rudi Walz: Pilgrimage to Kreuzhölzle Dittwar. Catholic parish of St. Laurentius Dittwar, Dittwar 1984.
  • Pastor Kleemann: Festschrift - home book for the anniversary 300 years Kreuzkapelle Dittwar. Parish of St. Laurentius Dittwar, StieberDruck, Lauda 1983.
  • Pilgrimage booklet to Dittwar. St. Laurentius, Dittwar 1831.

Web links

Commons : Kreuzkapelle  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. a b Pastoral care unit Tauberbischofsheim: Pilgrimage to Kreuzhölzle . Online at www.kath-kirche-tbb.de. Retrieved April 24, 2019.
  2. a b c Heimat- und Kulturverein Dittwar e. V .: Pilgrimage to Kreuzhölzle . Online at www.hkvdittwar.de. Retrieved October 14, 2014.
  3. a b c d e f Manfred Maninger: Chronik der Gemeinde Dittwar, 1968 . Heimat- und Kulturverein Dittwar e. V. (ed.). Online at www.hkvdittwar.de. Retrieved December 17, 2016.
  4. ^ Deanery Tauberbischofsheim: Pastoral care units of the Deanery Tauberbischofsheim . Online at www.kath-dekanat-tbb.de. Retrieved December 17, 2016.
  5. a b City of Tauberbischofsheim: Start >> City & Politics >> Our TBB >> City districts >> Dittwar . Online at www.tauberbischofsheim.de. Retrieved April 24, 2019.
  6. ^ Pastor Kleemann: Festschrift - home book for the anniversary 300 years of the Kreuzkapelle Dittwar. Parish of St. Laurentius Dittwar, StieberDruck, Lauda 1983, p. 9.
  7. ^ Franz Gehrig: Das Kreuzhölzle: Chapel - Way of the Cross - Pilgrimage to Dittwar; today: Tauberbischofsheim-Dittwar. Catholic parish of St. Laurentius Dittwar, Dittwar 1982, p. 27 u. 35-37.
  8. Feast of the Cross with Jubilee . In: Fränkische Nachrichten , May 2, 2009. Retrieved December 29, 2014.
  9. ↑ Regional Council Stuttgart (Ed.): List of architectural and art monuments as of February 15, 2012.
  10. Kreuzweg Kreuzweg 60 Tauberbischofsheim - detail page - LEO-BW. In: leo-bw.de. Retrieved May 16, 2020 .

Coordinates: 49 ° 34 '52.1 "  N , 9 ° 38' 6.2"  E