St. Vitus (Dittigheim)
The Church of St. Vitus in Dittigheim , a district of Tauberbischofsheim in the Main-Tauber district in Baden-Württemberg , is a baroque church building built to designs by Balthasar Neumann under the direction of the engineer captain Johann Georg Müller .
history
St. Vitus was built as the successor to a three-aisled pillar basilica from the 12th century. The foundation stone for the single-nave structure with volute ceiling , retracted choir and 36 meter high church tower with onion dome was laid on June 18, 1748. The church was completed in 1752. In 1786 Pope Clemens XIII. handed over a relic of St. Vitus . In 1846 the altars were renovated and a second gallery was added. The interior painting was renewed in 1879. Several paintings were painted over. Back then, baroque angels were dressed in gauze dresses . Various repairs were carried out in 1908 and 1909; 1927 to 1930 the altars were re-gilded.
The 19th century changes were reversed during the restoration of the church in 1978-1982.
The church of St. Vitus belongs to the pastoral care unit Tauberbischofsheim , which is assigned to the deanery Tauberbischofsheim of the Archdiocese of Freiburg .
Furnishing
Ceiling painting in the nave
On the ceiling of the nave there are five paintings that tell the story of the church patron. The paintings are arranged in a cross shape and framed by four medallions in the corners.
Above the organ gallery you can see Vitus with Modestus and Crescentia before the judge Valerian . Ms. Welt would like to tempt him with riches and jewelry from her cornucopia , but Vitus opts for the kettle with boiling oil.
The fresco in the middle of the ceiling addresses the announcement of the imminent death of the church patron. Crescentia and Modestus have laid down or sat down to die in a river landscape, while the praying Vitus kneels on the right side of the picture and is hit by a ray of light in which the words "Vite, exaudita est deprecatio tua" (Vitus, your prayer has been heard) stand.
The torture of St. Vitus is depicted to the left of this central painting. In this picture Valerian flees from the forces of nature while an angel tries to save the tortured man. The painting on the right shows Vitus in prison, who in turn receives a heavenly message in a ray of light. This time he is assured of protection in the text in the ray of light, which is also embodied by an angel who assists Vitus.
The fifth fresco is in front of the choir arch. It shows how Vitus and his companions are thrown to the lions, but they let them live.
In the medallions that adorn the corners of the church ceiling, you can see Ambrosius of Milan , Augustine of Hippo , Jerome and Gregory the Great .
Ceiling painting in the choir
The ceiling painting in the choir shows the Holy Trinity and the liberation of St. Vitus from the cauldron with boiling oil. He is guided to heaven by angels. This ceiling painting is surrounded by portraits of the four evangelists and seven medallions that represent the sacraments .
Altars
The high altar comes from Mathias Walser from Würzburg . It was completed in 1754. It once contained a picture of St. Vitus in the oil kettle, but it was replaced in 1880 and is now considered lost. The later picture was created by Wilhelm Dürr and shows Christ on the cross. Mary and John mourn at his feet . Another picture above this representation shows a dove as the embodiment of the Holy Spirit .
The altar, which cost 600 guilders , was donated by Carl von Schönborn , which is why the coat of arms of this prince-bishop is placed between the two paintings. Left and right of the high altar are two statues, on the left St. Joseph with the baby Jesus, on the right Anna with Mary as a child.
In the side niches next to the high altar there are two further statues, on the left a Radiant Madonna from around 1700 by Balthasar Esterbauer , on the right St. Vitus in a baroque representation.
The tabernacle was created by a Würzburg sculptor named Auwera. It is crowned by a pelican as a symbol of the sacrificial death of Christ.
The celebration altar and ambo date from the 20th century. The works of the Würzburg sculptor Ernst Singer were consecrated in 1990. Both were created from yellow Krensheim Jura . The ambo shows the risen Christ, the celebration altar on the front the meal of the risen Christ with the Emmaus disciples , on the back the women at the empty tomb who are instructed about the resurrection by an angel. This scene is framed by grapes and ears of wheat.
The left side altar once contained a picture of Nicholas of Myra . This altarpiece was replaced in 1878 by a Pietà from the Woerlin art publisher in Würzburg. A statue of Peter and Paul frame the Pietà. The figures come from Franz Ignatz Schäfer from Karlstadt and were created in 1768. The woodwork of the former St. Nicholas altar was created by Mathias Walser.
The right side altar is the only altar in the church that still contains the original picture from 1752. It is by Johann Matthias Wolcker and depicts Mary as a child with her parents. Above this scene are the Holy Trinity, the Holy Spirit as a dove and Jesus im Childhood to see. This picture is framed by the figures of St. Wolfgang and Nicholas of Myra.
Pulpit and Way of the Cross
The pulpit comes from an older building: it was taken over from the Premonstratensian monastery in Gerlachsheim in 1753 . St. Norbert can be seen on the cover plate, fighting against the false teacher Tanchelm . The lower part of the pulpit is decorated with images of the four evangelists, surrounded by boys and angels.
At the staircase to the pulpit there is a picture with the finding of the cross by St. Helena . This depiction complements a Way of the Cross with 14 stations that was installed in the church in 1879.
Baptismal font
The font is a relic from the Romanesque predecessor of the St. Vitus Church. An inscription is carved on the upper edge, stating that the first baptism took place on July 29, 1598; Caspar Dierlein was the pastor. The lid of the baptismal font dates from 1992.
Stalls
The stalls were created by master carpenter Adam Heffner in Grünsfeld . The original cheeks of these benches were used in the restoration of the interior in the 20th century.
window
The church windows of the choir date from 1909, those of the nave from 1916. On the left of the choir windows the handing over of the rosary to St. Dominic by the Mother of God can be seen, on the right the Holy Family is shown.
Bells
Only one of the original bells has survived. It dates from 1550 and was created by Hans Glockengießer in Nuremberg . The 820 kg bell with a diameter of 1100 mm is decorated with a Latin inscription, a representation of the crucifixion, Mary with the baby Jesus, St. Martin and two kings. The remaining bells were melted down during the First and Second World Wars and replaced by three bells from Bachert in 1958 . They are called Marien, Josef and Vitus bells and are decorated accordingly.
The bells are powered electrically. The clock mechanism from 1908 was donated by Pastor Wilhelm Both. The clock was renewed in 1959.
| No. |
Caster |
Casting year |
material |
Ø (cm) |
Weight (kg) |
Nominal |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | unmarked (Hans Glockengieser III, Nuremberg) | without | bronze | 110.4 | 820 | g sharp 1 + 1 |
| 2 | Bachert, Kochendorf | 1958 | bronze | 86.0 | 394 | h 1 + 1 |
| 3 | Bachert, Kochendorf | 1958 | bronze | 75.7 | 276 | c sharp 2 + 2 |
| 4th | Bachert, Kochendorf | 1958 | bronze | 65.6 | 196 | dis 2 + - 0 |
organ
While the case of the original Seuffert organ from 1752 has been preserved to this day, the instrument itself has been rebuilt several times over the centuries: in 1846 it was moved to the newly inserted second gallery, and in 1914 it was replaced by a work by Wilhelm Bader . The organ was last renewed in 1988 by Orgelbau Vleugels .
Bicycle path church
The Vitus Church, with its location on the Taubertal Cycle Path, is designated as a cycle path church.
See also
literature
- Udo and Jennifer Bader: St. Vitus, Dittigheim , Dittigheim 1984.
- Elmar Weiß: Dittigheim: An old settlement in the Taubertal . Interest group Heimatbuch Dittigheim, Tauberbischofsheim 1987, DNB 871210290 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Hans Reuther, The Church Buildings Balthasar Neumanns , B. Hessling 1960, p. 52
- ↑ Udo and Jennifer Bader, St. Vitus, Dittigheim , Dittigheim o. J., p. 2
- ^ Deanery Tauberbischofsheim: Pastoral conception of the Deanery Tauberbischofsheim . (PDF, 1.3 MB). Resolution of July 21, 2011. Online at www.kath-dekanat-tbb.de. Retrieved December 9, 2015.
- ^ Deanery Tauberbischofsheim: Pastoral care units of the Deanery Tauberbischofsheim . Online at www.kath-dekanat-tbb.de. Retrieved December 9, 2015.
- ↑ Udo and Jennifer Bader, St. Vitus, Dittigheim , Dittigheim o. J., p. 4 f.
- ↑ a b Udo and Jennifer Bader, St. Vitus, Dittigheim , Dittigheim o. J., p. 11
- ↑ Parish St. Vitus ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Udo and Jennifer Bader, St. Vitus, Dittigheim , Dittigheim o. J., pp. 6–13
- ↑ Udo and Jennifer Bader, St. Vitus, Dittigheim , Dittigheim o. J., p. 5
- ↑ Udo and Jennifer Bader, St. Vitus, Dittigheim , Dittigheim o. J., p. 7
- ↑ Udo and Jennifer Bader, St. Vitus, Dittigheim , Dittigheim o. J., p. 10
- ↑ a b Udo and Jennifer Bader, St. Vitus, Dittigheim , Dittigheim o. J., p. 15
- ^ Elmar Weiss: Dittigheim. An old settlement in the Taubertal . Dittigheim 1987, p. 278, 280 .
- ↑ Tourism Association Liebliches Taubertal (Ed.): Cycle Path Churches . Brochure. 12 pages. District Office Main-Tauber-Kreis, Tauberbischofsheim, p. 9.
- ↑ Date on leo-bw
Parish churches of the pastoral care unit Tauberbischofsheim: St. Bonifatius (Tauberbischofsheim) | St. Laurentius (Dittwar) | St. Markus (Distelhausen) | St. Martin (Tauberbischofsheim) with the branch St. Jakobus (Dienstadt) | St. Nikolaus (Impfingen) | St. Pankratius (Hochhausen) | St. Vitus (Dittigheim)
Other churches, chapels and crossroads: Friedhofskapelle (Hochhausen) | Cemetery chapel (Impfingen) | House chapel in the Hotel St. Michael (Tauberbischofsheim) | Herz-Jesu-Kapelle (Tauberbischofsheim) | Höhbergkapelle (Tauberbischofsheim) | Josefskapelle (Hochhausen) | Käppele (Hochhausen) | Way of the Cross (Dittwar) to the Kreuzkapelle (Dittwar) , Kalvarienbergkapelle (Dittwar) and Mariengrotte (Dittwar) with the pilgrimage to Kreuzhölzle | Way of the Cross (Impfingen) | Way of the Cross (Tauberbischofsheim) to the Stammberg chapel ( Tauberbischofsheim) | Laurentius Chapel (Tauberbischofsheim) | Maria-Hilf-Chapel (Tauberbischofsheim) | Mariengrotte (Dienststadt) | Chapel of Our Lady (Dienstadt) | Peterskapelle (Tauberbischofsheim) | Rector's Chapel (Tauberbischofsheim) | Sebastianus Chapel (Tauberbischofsheim) | St. Lioba Church (Tauberbischofsheim) | St. Wolfgang Chapel (Distelhausen) and the Way of the Cross in the cemetery wall (Distelhausen) | Bildhäusle (Hochhausen) | Holy Blood Chapel (Hochhausen) | To Our Lady of Sorrows (Hof Steinbach)
Monasteries: Benedictine monastery Tauberbischofsheim (Lioba monastery) (†) | Franciscan monastery Tauberbischofsheim (†)
(†): Sacred building no longer used / available
Coordinates: 49 ° 36 ′ 35.8 " N , 9 ° 40 ′ 34" E