Walter Jaroschka

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Walter Jaroschka (born July 31, 1932 in Warnsdorf , Czechoslovakia ; † December 23, 2008 in Munich ) was a German archivist and general director of the Bavarian State Archives .

Life

The son of a judge attended school in Bohemian-Leipa and most recently in Leitmeritz (1940–1945). After being expelled from Czechoslovakia , his family came to Bavaria via the Soviet occupation zone , where he attended the Humanist High School in Straubing (today's Johannes Turmair High School ) and graduated from high school in 1951. At the Ludwig Maximilians University in Munich , he began studying history , historical auxiliary sciences , classical philology and German studies . In 1953 he moved to the University of Vienna and became a member of the Institute for Austrian Historical Research , where he received his doctorate under Alfons Lhotsky in 1957 with a thesis on the Lower Austrian theologian and historian Thomas Ebendorfer (1388–1464). After graduating from the Bavarian Archive School from 1957 to 1960 and passing the state examination for the higher archival service, he began his career as an archivist in the Landshut State Archives at Trausnitz Castle as an archivist. Coping with the consequences of the devastating fire at the castle in 1961, in which extensive archival material was destroyed and damaged, had a decisive impact on his idea of ​​merging disturbed traditions according to provenance. In 1966 he was transferred to the Bavarian Main State Archives , where he was given the responsibility for documents, in which he initiated the restoration of closed provenance-specific document funds. In 1973 he was promoted to archive director and head of the then General State Archives department of the Bavarian Main State Archives . In 1977 he was appointed head of the Bavarian State Archives . On February 1, 1978 he was appointed director general of the Bavarian State Archives.

His term of office is characterized by profound changes in the internal and external condition of the Bavarian state archives. In addition to archival law ( Bavarian Archives Act 1989, related usage regulations, file segregation, exhibition management, archive maintenance and archive construction), the main focus of his work was the elimination of an internal deficit that had occurred since the establishment of a Bavarian archive administration at the turn of the 18th and 19th centuries Order and distribution of the traditional historical sources. The most important holdings of very different origins (e.g. from old Bavaria , monasteries and monasteries , secular territories and institutions in Franconia and Swabia ) were not only mixed with one another in one archive, but according to the principle of pertinence that was still used in Bavaria until the 20th century Principle also been divided into several archives. Modern science, on the other hand, demands an inventory that respects the origin of the historical sources and a delimitation of the inventories obtained from the writer between the individual archives based on history. The overall Bavarian inventory cleansing designed by Jaroschka took this requirement into account. The historical responsibility of the individual state archives in the different historical landscapes of Old Bavaria, Franconia and Swabia was determined . On the basis of today's generally valid principle of provenance and the principle of the indivisibility of surviving funds, original traditions were restored, parts of the fund that were divided and mixed up in an archive were brought together again, holdings divided into several state archives were reunited in one archive and parts of the archive were centralized in the Bavarian Main State Archive in Munich (e.g. B. all documents centralized in the Bavarian main state archive of Upper Palatinate , Franconian and Swabian provenance from the early Middle Ages to the year 1400) were assigned to the now responsible archives, where they were combined with the sub-funds already available there. This resulted in tremendous movements and shifting of archives between the individual archives. As part of this inventory adjustment, the Bavarian Main State Archives had already received their current organizational form in 1978. Jaroschka's measures represent the largest reorganization and reorganization of the Bavarian archive landscape and archival tectonics since Reich archivist Franz Joseph von Samet (1758–1828) and his successors in the 19th century. As a lecturer at the Bavarian Archive School from 1966 to 2008, Jaroschka had a decisive influence on this today Professional profile of archivist valid in Bavaria.

In 1991 he became honorary professor for archival science at the LMU Munich . He represented the archives in numerous committees: Institute for Contemporary History , Commission for Bavarian State History , Society for Franconian History, Historical Commission for the Bohemian Lands, Sudeten German Academy of Sciences and Arts , Sudeten German Archive . The Otto Friedrich University in Bamberg appointed him an honorary senator. After his retirement he was President of the Sudeten German Academy of Sciences and Arts from 1997 to 2007 .

Awards

Fonts

  • The invoice archive in the Landshut State Archive , in: Messages for archive maintenance in Bavaria (in future: MAB) 13 (1967), pp. 3–8.
  • Reich archivist Franz Joseph von Samet (1758–1828) , in: Archives. History - stocks - technology. Festgabe für Berhard Zittel (= MAB , special issue 8), Munich 1972, pp. 1–27.
  • The position of Swabia within the organization and in the inventory of the Bavarian state archives , in: MAB 19 (1973), pp. 21–34; Revised under the title: Swabia in the past and present of the Bavarian State Archives , Munich 1990.
  • Stock adjustment with francs , in: MAB 20 (1974), pp. 2–21.
  • The archives of the principalities of Pfalz-Neuburg and Pfalz-Sulzbach , in: MAB 21 (1975), pp. 8–31.
  • Problems with the transmission of documents to the Teutonic Order , in: MAB 22 (1976), pp. 3-14.
  • The restoration of historical provenances in the Bavarian Main State Archives , in: Der Archivar 32 (1979), pp. 41–50.
  • Franconia in the past and present of the Bavarian state archives , in: Yearbook for Franconian State Research 40 (1980), pp. 1–8.
  • The Bavarian Main State Archives in Munich. On the history and structure of its Palatinate holdings , in: Karl Heinz Debus (Ed.): The Landesarchiv Speyer. Festschrift for the handover of the new building (= publications of the Rhineland-Palatinate State Archives Administration , 40), Rhineland-Palatinate State Archives Administration, Koblenz 1987, pp. 209-216.
  • The fate of the archival holdings in Front Austria and their tradition in Bavaria , in: Hans Maier, Volker Press (Ed.): Front Austria in the early modern times , Thorbecke, Sigmaringen 1989, pp. 395-419.
  • The State Archive Amberg as the state archive of the Upper Palatinate. Basics, development, perspectives , in: Konrad Ackermann , Georg Girisch (Hrsg.): Gustl Lang . Life for the home , Weiden 1989, pp. 96-108, ISBN 978-3-9243-5015-4 .
  • Cross-border tradition in the state archives of Bavaria , in: Archivalische Zeitschrift 77 (1992), pp. 35–67.
  • Centralization and decentralization in the Bavarian archive system. Requirements and results of the inventory clearing , in: Hermann Bannasch (Hrsg.): Inventory formation, inventory delimitation, inventory clearing (= workbooks of the state archives administration Baden-Württemberg , series A: Landesarchivdirektion , issue 3), Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1993, pp. 37-51.
  • The reorganization of the Bavarian archives in the first decades of the 19th century and the inclusion of the Palatinate; the antagonism of centralization and regionalization. With an outlook to the present , in: Volker Rödel (Ed.): Umbruch und Aufbruch. The archival system after 1800 in southern Germany and the Rhineland (= workbooks of the state archive administration Baden-Württemberg , series A, issue 20), Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 2005, pp. 199–214.

literature

  • Margit Ksoll-Marcon : Obituary for General Director Prof. Dr. Walter Jaroschka. In: Messages from the Bavarian State Archives 56 (2009), pp. 39–40.
  • Margit Ksoll-Marcon: Walter Jaroschka †. In: Der Archivar 62 (2009), pp. 221–222 ( online ).
  • Albrecht Liess: History of the archive clearing in Bavaria. In: Journal for Bavarian State History 61 (1998), pp. 123–145 ( online )
  • Hermann Rumschöttel : Walter Jaroschka †. In: Archivalische Zeitschrift 91 (2009), pp. 377–383.
  • Hermann Rumschöttel: Walter Jaroschka (1932–2008) [obituary]. In: Journal for Bavarian State History 72 (2009), pp. 917–922.

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Jaroschka, Walter
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German archivist, general director of the Bavarian State Archives
DATE OF BIRTH July 31, 1932
PLACE OF BIRTH Varnsdorf
DATE OF DEATH December 23, 2008
Place of death Munich