Wenzel Müller

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Wenzel Müller

Wenzel Müller (born September 26, 1759 in Markt Türnau , Moravia , † August 3, 1835 in Baden near Vienna ) was an Austrian composer and theater music director.

Life

After his training, among others with Carl Ditters von Dittersdorf , Wenzel Müller worked for the theater from 1782. In 1786 he took over the post of Kapellmeister and resident composer at the Vienna Theater in Leopoldstadt . After a short interlude at the Deutsche Oper in Prague from 1807 to 1813, he returned to his traditional place of work, where he worked until 1830.

Wenzel Müller died in the house at Johannesgasse 25, Baden near Vienna , where a memorial plaque (reinstalled in 1980) commemorates him. His body was buried in the same place in the city cemetery (grave location 6/1 / M / 07).

Through the marriage of his daughter Therese , an opera singer, he became the father-in-law of Johann Christoph Grünbaum . Their children, his grandchildren Caroline , Carl and Josef were also singers.

Works

Müller mainly created popular stage works and singspiele , including numerous representatives of the so-called Viennese Punch and Judy Opera and Magic Opera . Most of them were premiered in the Leopoldstadt Theater. Have become known in particular

Both pieces deal with a similar subject as the much more famous opera Die Zauberflöte by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart , which was written around the same time, and was initially regarded by the contemporary audience as being equally competitive.

Based on templates by Ferdinand Raimund , Müller wrote The Barometer Maker on the Magic Island (1823), The Alpine King and the Misanthrope (1828) and The Fettered Fantasy (1828). Further works were created on the basis of librettos by Joachim Perinet , Karl Friedrich Hensler and Karl Ludwig Costenoble .

Some of the songs from Müller's theatrical work have become independent and have become popular popular songs in Vienna. An example of this is the song Ich bin der Schneider Wetz (also: Ich bin der Schneider Kakadu ) from The Sisters of Prague , in which a parody of arias from the Magic Flute is seen. It was later even arranged by other composers, including Ludwig van Beethoven , who wrote his Variations for Piano Trio op. 121a on the song.

Several of Müller's compositions took on the character of folk songs. For the student song I got the whole morning from Müller's Singspiel Errtum in allen Ecken or the Sisters of Prague (1794), Müller used various melodic elements that were popular as early as the 18th century; the melody of the nursery rhyme Es tanzt a Bi-Ba-Butzemann is very similar to Müller's student song . The melody of the folk song Bald gras ich am Neckar appears for the first time in 1821 in a Quodlibet from the play Die Fee aus Frankreich ; however, it is not certain that it was composed by Müller. In contrast, the frequently found statement that Müller also composed the melody zu Kommt ein Vogel flegen , is based on a misunderstanding.

Müller also created ballets and pantomimes , but also brass music . In total, his oeuvre comprises around 250 works.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ according to the birth register of the parish office in Markt Türnau, 1759 is the year of birth; in older reference works such as Wurzbach (1868) or ADB (1885) the year of birth is 1767.
  2. ↑ Müller, Wenzel . In: Lexicon of German musical culture - Bohemia-Moravia-Sudetenschlesien (Volume 2: M – Z, p. 1789) of the SMI (Sudetendeutsches Musikinstitut) Regensburg 2000 and Český hudební slovník osob a institucí (Czech)
  3. ↑ Viktor Wallner: Houses, people and stories . Society of Friends of Baden, Baden 2002, p. 165, Permalink Austrian Library Association
  4. ↑ Joachim Perinet, Wenzel Müller: The Sisters of Prague: A Singspiel in two acts. Libretto. Schmid, Nürnberg 1796, p. 8 ( digitized in the Google book search).
  5. ↑ Ludwig van Beethoven: 10 variations on "I am the tailor cockatoo", Op. 121a : Sheet music and audio files in the International Music Score Library Project
  6. ↑ I have all morning : sheet music and audio files in the International Music Score Library Project
  7. ↑ Hoffmann von Fallersleben , Karl Hermann Prahl: Our folk songs. 4th edition. Engelmann, Leipzig 1900, p. 133 ( Textarchiv - Internet Archive ).
  8. ^ Johann Lewalter : German children's song and children's game. Collected in word and manner in Kassel from children's mouths. With a scientific treatise by Georg Schläger . Vietor, Kassel 1911, p. 25 and 284.
  9. ↑ Theo Mang, Sunhilt Mang (ed.): Der Liederquell . Noetzel, Wilhelmshaven 2007, ISBN 978-3-7959-0850-8 , pp. 671-672 .
  10. ↑ Walter Krone: Wenzel Müller. A contribution to the history of comic opera. Diss. FWU Berlin 1906, p. 68 f. ( Text archive - Internet Archive ).
  11. ↑ Jürgen Libbert : An unknown work by the Bohemian guitarist Wenzel Matiegka. With a historical-biographical outline and a catalog raisonné. In: Guitar & Laute 1 (1979), 5, ISSN  0172-9683 , pp. 14-24; here: p. 18 f.
  12. ↑ Tobias Widmaier, Johanna Ziemann: Come a bird flew (2011). In: Popular and Traditional Songs. Historical-critical song lexicon of the German Folk Song Archive
personal data
SURNAME Müller, Wenzel
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian composer and theater music director
DATE OF BIRTH September 26, 1759
PLACE OF BIRTH Türnau market , Moravia
DATE OF DEATH August 3, 1835
Place of death Baden near Vienna , Archduchy of Austria , Austrian Empire