Wilhelm Mauke

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Wilhelm Mauke around 1910

Johann Heinrich Wilhelm Mauke (born February 25, 1867 in Hamburg , † August 25, 1930 in Wiesbaden ) was a German composer and music writer.

Life

Family and education

Wilhelm Mauke came from a family of publishers in Hamburg on his father's side , his mother, nee Dreyer, died in 1882. At the age of four he moved with his family to Leipzig and attended the Royal High School there from Easter 1880 to Easter 1888 , which he left with a school leaving certificate. He then studied medicine in Munich at the request of his father , but did not pass the Physikum . Under division with his father, he decided to quit medical school and instead musicology study. From 1891 to 1892 he was trained by Hans Huber and the cantor Oskar Löw in Basel . He then returned to Munich, where he became a student of Ludwig Abel , Max Hieber and Josef Gabriel Rheinberger at the Academy of Music .

Work as a music writer

During this time he was close to the circle of Munich naturalists . Under the influence of Michael Georg Conrad , a friend of his, he began to publish articles in various magazines, including the Leipziger Tageblatt , Die Gesellschaft and the Revista musicala svizra .

His reviews, which he wrote for various daily newspapers, especially in his role as music advisor for the Münchner Post and the Münchner Zeitung , earned him a lot of recognition but also hostility. His heart belongs to his clay works, not to Merkeramte, which he nevertheless exercises with great skill, clout and wit and based on a rich knowledge of literature in the sense of serving the truth as he sees and understands it and the bad and Fight wrong people wholeheartedly.

Richard Strauss , whom he temporarily preferred to Richard Wagner , devoted various analyzes to his symphonic compositions, as did Max von Schilling's opera Ingwelde .

Working as a composer

Because of his enthusiasm for Hugo Wolf , he initially dealt theoretically and practically with song composition . Besides and before Richard Strauss, he was the first to set contemporary poetry and social poetry to music. His songs, which show Mauke as a melodist who paid little attention to traditional laws and prescribed schemes , therefore not only demand a lot of vocal power and expressiveness from the interpreter, but also mental penetration. Detlev von Liliencron's From a Raid and Richard Dehmel's Venus primitiva are the highlights of his song compositions . From 1908 he set more poems by Goethe and Heine . Between 1894 and 1925 he wrote a total of around 150 songs and chants for piano or orchestra.

His symphonic poems are strongly influenced by Wagner, Richard Strauss and Anton Bruckner . His symphony Loneliness from 1904 is regarded as a self-confession of the artist who struggles with himself and the world .

The operas he composed are considered to be his main work , of which The Last Mask had the greatest stage success.

At the end of his life, Mauke, for whom art had lost its breadth, looked resignedly to his work and spoke self-ironically of his mania for mastery . On July 28, 1926, the Wilhelm Mauke Association was founded in Munich , with the aim of helping the master gain well-deserved public recognition, illuminating his old age as much as possible, and giving him the strength to continue Create to get . Michael Georg Conrad was elected as honorary president, with Wilibald Nagel as chairman .

Wilhelm Mauke was married to the writer Ida Vees for the second time since 1898.

His literary estate, including correspondence with Otto Julius Bierbaum , Michael Georg Conrad, Max Halbe , and Detlev von Liliencron, as well as manuscripts, travel diaries, photos and a death mask, is kept in the Monacensia literary archive . 29 posthumous music autographs are in the music department of the Munich City Library .

Reviews

Advertisement for The Last Mask by Wilhelm Mauke
  • Hermann Treibler in the Kunstwart 1899:

With greater confidence than ever, one can look forward to the time that Wilhelm Mauke will bring the fair appreciation of his work. It cannot fail to appear if the word of the finite victory of truth is to remain valid in the new century.

  • Willibald Nagel:

In spite of his democratic and socialist inclinations, there is a lot of Nietzsche's manhood in him. Despite his deep understanding of the needs of the times and the poor, he does not strive towards the crowd, but away from it. As an artist he does not like to impose any barriers, nor can he meet them out of conventional hypocrisy.

  • R. Oemichen on the performance of the Solitude Symphony , op.40 , in Chemnitz :

The symphonic tone poem "Loneliness" is by far the most important novelty on the lecture regulations of the last few years in Chemnitz and it has a top place among the more recent programmatic compositions. What makes you so high? The poetic idea, the Nietzsche word: "Loneliness, you pain, my greatest happiness, here is your kingdom!" Is not just the form-giving principle, but the form found by Mauke also meets the highest demands that one can make of it musical point of view. The architectural structure, a mighty and freely arching arch, is the most appropriate, sensual expression for the thoughts and feelings expressed in this music, developed with inner necessity and the greatest clarity. The inner ear picks up at the first notes, and becomes interested in what is to come. How the feeling of pain, which initially creates loneliness, changes to the highest happiness in a great and strong feeling personality through struggle and arguments of an inner and outer nature, but above all in one's own work, how - and that is the meaning of the descending arc In this structure - now that being alone no longer paralyzes the vital forces, but causes a resignation that the environment can do without in the feeling of one's own worth, that is represented here with as much spirit as soul, with as much strength as beauty. The wonderfully playing orchestra earned the composer a great victory ...

Compositions and writings (selection)

Operas

Operettas

Symphonic poems

  • 1904: Einsamkeit , op. 40, for large orchestra, premiered: Munich, March 23, 1909
  • 1911: Sursum corda , op. 59, tone poem for large orchestra and organ, premier: Teplitz , August 30, 1912 under Johann Reichert
  • 1913: Romantic Symphony in A minor , op. 63, premier: Dortmund, May 8, 1914 under Georg Hüttner
  • 1915: Das Gold , op. 70, symphony with choir in four movements, motto: Submissive to Satan as to the angel: All-divinity gold. ( Sâr Péladan ), WP: Munich, November 18, 1919 under Prof. Laber

Songs and singing

  • Four songs (III. Cycle of modern songs), op. 15: a) Einsames Lied by Gustav Falke ; b) At the edge of the forest by Benzmann; c) Beautiful June days and d) From a raid by Detlev von Liliencron; published: CA Challier, Berlin
  • Drei Gesänge (IV. Cycle of Modern Songs), op. 17: a) Der Fährmann by Wilhelm Walloth ; b) cancellation by Gustav Falke; Venus primitiva by Richard Dehmel; published: CA Challier, Berlin
  • Detlev von Liliencron: German Master Songs, op.23
  • Longing and dying , op. 35, a cycle of four songs by Max Bruns
  • Drei Gesänge , op. 71, based on poems by Hermann Hesse
  • Four songs , op. 77, based on poems by Franziska Hager; published: M. Hieber, Munich 1928
  • Expulsion from Paradise , op. 78, oratorio by Adelheid Hausmann, for orchestra, choir, solos and organ, premier: September 20, 1923, Basel, Walter Sterck

Fonts

  • Richard Strauss. Don Juan op.20 , H. Seemann, Leipzig undated (Der Musikführer, 114)
  • Richard Strauss. Death and Transfiguration, op. 24 , H. Seemann, Leipzig 1897, (Der Musikführer, 115)
  • Richard Strauss. Till Eulenspiegel's funny pranks, op.28 , H. Bechthold, Frankfurt am Main 1897 (Der Musikführer, 103)
  • The Pfeifertag , cheerful opera in 3 acts. Poetry by Ferdinand Graf Sporck, music by Max Schillings. Aesthetic-critical introduction by Wilhelm Mauke, H. Seemann, Leipzig 1900 Digitized edition
  • Ingwelde , musical drama in 3 acts. Poetry by Ferdinand Graf Sporck, music by Max Schillings. Textually and musically explained by Wilhelm Mauke, H. Seemann, Leipzig 1901
  • Gugeline . A stage play in 5 acts, poetry by Otto Julius Bierbaum, music by Ludwig Thuille . Textually and musically explained by Wilhelm Mauke, H. Seemann, Leipzig 1901
  • Richard Strauss , H. Seemann Nachf., Leipzig 1903 (Der Musikführer, 187)
  • Richard Strauss. Two chants for 16-part mixed choir a cappella, Op. 34, I and II; The evening ( Friedrich von Schiller ) ; Hymn ( Friedrich Rückert ), H. Seemann Nachf., Leipzig 1904 (Der Musikführer, 188)

Essays

literature

  • Wilibald Nagel : Wilhelm Mauke , Universal-Edition AG, Vienna, Leipzig 1919
  • Franz Xaver Osterrieder : Wilhelm Mauke. The list of his works, on it: statutes of the Wilhelm Mauke Association , Steinberger, Munich 1926

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ King Albert Gymnasium (Royal Gymnasium until 1900) in Leipzig: Student album 1880–1904 / 05 , Friedrich Gröber, Leipzig 1905
  2. ↑ Willibald Nagel, p. 26
  3. ↑ Willibald Nagel, p. 33.
  4. ↑ Willibald Nagel, p. 35
  5. ↑ a b Osterrieder: Catalog raisonné, p. 2
  6. ^ Osterrieder, catalog raisonné, p. 24
  7. ↑ Willibald Nagel, p. 29
  8. ^ Chemnitzer Latest News, January 1913. Quoted from: Osterrieder, Werkverzeichnis, p. 8
personal data
SURNAME Mauke, Wilhelm
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Mauke, Johann Heinrich Wilhelm (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German music writer and composer
DATE OF BIRTH February 25, 1867
PLACE OF BIRTH Hamburg
DATE OF DEATH August 25, 1930
Place of death Munich