Quad

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Coat of arms of those of Quadt

Quadt is the name of an ancient noble family from the Lower Rhine with the Blee ancestral home near Monheim , which appears in a document with the knight Sybodo de Blegge in 1262. The sex branched out into several lines. The line to Wickrath and Isny , which has been a count and imperial direct line since 1752, ruled since 1901, belongs to the high nobility .

history

origin

The oldest proven member with the name of the sex was knight Peter the Quade - his name does not derive from a place, but from quad ( mnd. ) = Kwaad ( ndl. ) = Bad, bad, evil - who is in documents from 1256 is called. In 1313 Johann called the Quade, Vogt zu Windeck , is mentioned.

Spread and lines

Knight Wilhelm II, he lived around 1400, was the progenitor of the lines to Buschfeld , Wickrath (also Wykradt ) and Landskron . The Buschfeld line (located on Haus Buschfeld since 1447) went out in 1757 and the Landskron line (located on the Reichsburg Landskron from 1450 to 1622 ) went out in 1765. There were branches to Alsbach , Kreuzberg , Rode ( Schönrath Castle ) and Zoppenbroich .

Wickrath Castle (1859)

Wilhelm IV's widow, Sophie, née von Burscheid, married Heinrich von Hompesch for the second time , who in 1498 ceded the imperial rule of Wickrath to his step-sons Dietrich, Adolf and Stephan Quadt due to the lack of male descendants of his own . Thereupon took place on July 15, 1502 the imperial enfeoffment and the admission of the sex into the Westphalian imperial count college , without it being raised to the imperial count status. With the transfer of an imperial direct territory and the admission to the Westphalian imperial counts college, this branch of the family acquired the imperial estate and - unlike other branches of the family - from then on belonged to the high nobility, which was finally strengthened by the formal elevation to the imperial counts in 1752. The also imperial county Reckheim acquired in 1564 Johann Quadt, Herr zu Wickrath by marriage, but exchanged it for other property in 1590. From 1746 Wilhelm Otto Friedrich von Quadt zu Wickrath and Schwanenberg had the baroque Wickrath Castle rebuilt instead of a burned down castle .

In addition to this imperial class line, there is still a baronial line Quadt-Wyckrath-Hüchtenbruck that does not belong to the high nobility. The von Hüchtenbruck family died out in 1716 with Albert Georg in the male line. He had previously appointed the son of his eldest daughter Sybilla, Wilhelm Albrecht von Quadt zu Wickrath ad H. Zoppenbroich, as heir. The condition was tied to the inheritance that Wilhelm Albrecht combined his name and coat of arms with those of the Hüchtenbrucks, which he did in 1706. The Hüchtenbruck Castle Gartrop , which remained in the possession of the Quadt family until 1805, was part of the legacy . Wilhelm Karl Freiherr von Quadt-Wykradt-Hüchtenbruck (1732–1805), Lord of Gartrop, Hövelen, Galen and Brühl, Hereditary Marshal of the Duchy of Kleve and director of the Kleve estates, received a royal Prussian count's diploma in 1786. Other branches, e.g. B. Bögge , remained in the baron class.

Members of the family were hereditary and land stewards of the Duchy of Geldern and Erbdroste of the County of Zütphen as a result of the marriage of Dietrich II. Quadt zu Wyckradt with Maria von Flodrop zu Leuth in 1568.

The Quaden / Quadt also owned the Bilkrath House (1st half of the 15th century to 1596) and Fischenich Castle (1611–1725). Schwanenberg belonged to the Wickrath rule as an accessory . The line on house bushveld extended their possessions considerably to: Bettendorf and Nothberg (with the Nothberger Castle ), House Iddelsfeld in Holweide , the Thurner Hof , Londorf, Meschenich , Lindweiler, Esch in Cologne, Burgkonradsheim , castle Niederberg (acquired in 1739 by Johann Sigismund Quadt von Buschfeld), also around courtyards in Pafflich, in Düstorff and Poll, vineyards in Embken and Ödekoven and cellars in Wilhelmstein and Wassenberg. The line to Landskron was founded by Lutter Quad zu Isengarten and Hardenberg, a son of Wilhelm Quadt zu Wickrath, who married Elisabeth von Saffenberg , co-heir of Landskron and Tomberg , in 1441 . Her son Wilhelm sold his share in Schönrath Castle in 1466 . Myll and Oberwinter also belonged to the line, Sophia von Pallandt brought Flamersheim Castle to her husband Lutter Quadt around 1550 , who on behalf of his sovereign Friedrich III. of the Palatinate in Oberwinter and its other possessions introduced the Lutheran doctrine.

Status surveys

The entire sex was raised to the status of imperial barons in 1620 by the electoral Cologne tender . Baron Wilhelm Otto Friedrich von Quadt zu Wykradt und Schwanenberg, the builder of Wickrath Castle , was raised to the rank of imperial count by Emperor Franz I on April 16, 1752 . Due to the French occupation of the areas on the left bank of the Rhine in 1796, the house lost the dominions of Wickrath and Schwanenberg .

Imperial Abbey of St. Georg in Isny

As compensation, the family was granted the free imperial city of Isny in Swabia and the imperial abbey of St. Georgen with the title imperial county Isny as well as a perpetual pension of 11,000 guilders on Ochsenhausen through the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss 1803 . The Reichsgrafschaft Isny ​​was placed under the sovereignty of the Kingdom of Württemberg through the Rhine Confederation Act of 1806 . The count's house received the civil rights from the Federal Assembly of the German Confederation in 1815 and the title of illustrious in 1829 . On March 12, 1901, Count Bertram von Quadt zu Wykradt and Isny ​​was raised to the Bavarian prince status ( Primogenitur ) with the title of Highness . The Württemberg approval for the use of the princely title took place on April 12, 1901. The Bavarian award of the title "Sublime" for the descendants took place on March 7, 1911. Appropriate approval by the Kingdom of Württemberg was granted on May 4, 1912. The prince became a hereditary imperial councilor . The princely line from Quadt to Wykradt and Isny is still based in Isny ​​today.

coat of arms

The coat of arms shows two silver alternating battlements in red. On the helmet is a growing silver bear with red wings that are covered with the alternating battlements of the shield. The helmet cover is red-silver. The coat of arms is now part of the city coat of arms of the independent city of Mönchengladbach .

Known family members

Johann Christian Rölemann Quadt von Wickrath (1699–1756), Prussian. Major general
Count Otto von Quadt-Wykradt-Isny (1817–1899), Bavarian. Reichsrat

literature

Web links

Commons : Quadt  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ State Archives Düsseldorf, Altenberg Urk. 129
  2. ↑ Quadt (family name)
  3. ↑ Compare the research on the individual lines in GenWiki, see web links
  4. ^ Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels, Volume I, p. 308, CA Starke-Verlag, Glücksburg, 1951.
  5. ^ Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels, Volume FA VII, p. 342, CA Starke-Verlag, Limburg, 1969.
  6. ↑ According to the inscription of a painting in Rheydt Castle