Zavaritskit
| Zavaritskit | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| General and classification | |
| other names |
Sawaritzkit |
| chemical formula | BiOF |
|
Mineral class (and possibly department) |
Halides |
|
System no. to Strunz and to Dana |
3.DC.25 ( 8th edition : III / D.09) 02/10/01/01 |
| Crystallographic Data | |
| Crystal system | tetragonal |
| Crystal class ; symbol | ditetragonal-dipyramidal; 4 / m 2 / m 2 / m |
| Space group | P 4 / nmm (No. 129) |
| Lattice parameters | a = 3.75 Å ; c = 6.23 Å |
| Formula units | Z = 2 |
| Physical Properties | |
| Mohs hardness | 2 to 2.5 |
| Density (g / cm 3 ) | measured: 7.88 to 8.34; calculated: 9.21 |
| Cleavage | not defined |
| Break ; Tenacity | not defined |
| colour | gray, colorless in transmitted light |
| Line color | gray-white |
| transparency | transparent in thin layers |
| shine | Semi-metallic gloss, fat gloss |
| Crystal optics | |
| Refractive indices |
n α = 2.210 n β = 2.213 |
| Birefringence | δ = 2.210 |
| Optical character | uniaxial alternating |
Zavaritskit is a rarely occurring mineral from the mineral class of " halides ". It crystallizes in the tetragonal crystal system with the chemical composition BiOF, so it consists of equal parts of bismuth , oxygen and fluorine .
So far, Zavaritskite could only be found in the form of very fine-grained crusts and pseudomorphoses of a gray, metallic shimmering color after bismuthinite . In the transmitted light microscope , however, it appears colorless. The mineral is only transparent in thin layers, but in general it is more translucent to opaque.
Etymology and history
Was first discovered Zavaritskit near the Russian settlement Scherlowaja Gora in the region Transbaikalien (Siberia) and described in 1962 EI Dolomanova, VM Senderova, MT Yanchenko that the mineral after the Russian Petrologists Alexander Nikolaevich Sawarizki (Александр Николаевич Заварицкий, English Aleksandr Nikolaevich Zavaritskii , 1884–1952) named.
The type material of the mineral is kept in Fersman Museum in Moscow .
classification
Already in the outdated, but partly still in use 8th edition of the mineral classification according to Strunz , the Zavaritskite mineral class belonged to the "halides" and there to the department of "oxyhalides", where together with bismoclite , daubréeit , matlockite , rorisit and zhangpeishanite it belongs to the "matlockite group" with the system no. III / D.09 formed.
The 9th edition of Strunz's mineral systematics , which has been in effect since 2001 and is used by the International Mineralogical Association (IMA), classifies the Zavaritskit in the expanded division of "Oxyhalides, Hydroxyhalides and related double halides". However, this is further subdivided according to the predominant metals in the compound, so that the mineral can be found according to its composition in the sub-section "With Pb (As, Sb, Bi) without Cu", where it is also together with Bismoclite, Daubréeit, Matlockite , Rorisit and Zhangpeishanit the "Matlockitgruppe" with the system no. 3.DC.25 forms.
The systematics of minerals according to Dana , which is mainly used in the English-speaking world , assigns the Zavaritskit to the class of "halides" and there in the department of "oxyhalides and hydroxyhalides". Here he can be found together with Bismoclit and Daubréeit in the unnamed group 10.02.01 within the subdivision " Oxihalides and hydroxyhalides with the formula A (O, OH) X q ".
Crystal structure
Zavaritskite crystallizes isotypically with matlockite in the tetragonal crystal system in the space group P 4 / nmm (space group no. 129) with the lattice parameters a = 3.75 Å and c = 6.23 Å and two formula units per unit cell .
Education and Locations
Zavaritskit formed secondarily as a weathering product of Bismuthinit in bismuth-containing ore - deposits . In addition to solid bismuth and bismuthinite, the mineral can also occur in paragenesis with bismuthite and solid gold .
As a rare mineral formation, Zavaritskite could only be proven at a few sites, whereby so far (as of 2018) around 20 sites are known. At its type locality Scherlowaja Gora in Russia, Zavaritskit was discovered in quartz - topaz - siderophyllite - greisen , which cut a granite - pluton . In addition, the mineral was also found in Russia in the Nevskoe tungsten-tin deposit near Omsuktschan in Magadan Oblast, near Pitkjaranta in the Republic of Karelia and on Mount Ploskaya in the Keivy Mountains on the Kola Peninsula .
Other previously known sites are Fielders Hill near Torrington (Clive County) and the Elsmore tin mine in Inverell Shire (Gough County) in the Australian state of New South Wales ; the Beauvoir quarry near Échassières in the French department of Allier ; the Ebisu mines near Nakatsugawa and Ashio near Nikkō on the Japanese island of Honshū ; the Evans-Lou feldspar quarry on Lac Saint-Pierre in the Canadian province of Québec as well as Krásno nad Teplou ( Schönfeld ), Jáchymov and Smrkovec ( Schönficht ) in the Karlovarský kraj ( Karlovy Vary region ) and Moldava , Knöttel ( Knötel ) and the Starý Martin mine near Krupka in Ústecký kraj ( Aussiger Region ) in the Czech Republic.
See also
literature
- EI Dolomanova, VM Senderova, MT Yanchenko: Zavaritskite (BiOF), a new mineral of the oxyfluoride group . In: Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR . tape 146 , 1962, pp. 680–682 (Russian, rruff.info [PDF; 365 kB ; accessed on February 5, 2018]).
- Michael Fleischer : New mineral names . In: American Mineralogist . tape 48 , 1963, pp. 209–217 (English, rruff.info [PDF; 644 kB ; accessed on February 5, 2018]).
Web links
- Mineral Atlas: Zavaritskit (Wiki)
- Database-of-Raman-spectroscopy - Zavaritskite (English)
- American-Mineralogist-Crystal-Structure-Database - Zavaritskite (English)
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Hans Jürgen Rösler : Textbook of Mineralogy . 4th revised and expanded edition. German publishing house for basic industry (VEB), Leipzig 1987, ISBN 3-342-00288-3 , p. 370 .
- ↑ a b c d e Hugo Strunz , Ernest H. Nickel : Strunz Mineralogical Tables. Chemical-structural Mineral Classification System . 9th edition. E. Schweizerbart'sche Verlagbuchhandlung (Nägele and Obermiller), Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-510-65188-X , p. 176 .
- ↑ Webmineral - Zavaritskite (English)
- ↑ a b c d Mindat - Zavaritskite (English)
- ↑ a b c d e Zavaritskite . In: John W. Anthony, Richard A. Bideaux, Kenneth W. Bladh, Monte C. Nichols (Eds.): Handbook of Mineralogy, Mineralogical Society of America . 2001 ( handbookofmineralogy.org [PDF; 81 kB ]).
- ↑ Aleksandr Nikolaevich Zavaritskii from The Great Soviet Encyclopedia (1979) at thefreedictionary.com
- ↑ Mindat - Number of locations for Zavaritskit
- ↑ Find location list for Zavaritskit at the Mineralienatlas and at Mindat