United Urbanus colliery

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United Urbanus colliery
General information about the mine
Funding / year Max. 45,000 t
Information about the mining company
Employees 153
Start of operation 1827
End of operation 1875
Funded raw materials
Degradation of Hard coal
Geographical location
Coordinates 51 ° 27 '35.3 "  N , 7 ° 18' 14.7"  E Coordinates: 51 ° 27 '35.3 "  N , 7 ° 18' 14.7"  E
United Urbanus Colliery (Ruhr Regional Association)
United Urbanus colliery
Location United Urbanus colliery
Location Langendreer
local community Bochum
Independent city ( NUTS3 ) Bochum
country State of North Rhine-Westphalia
Country Germany
District Ruhr area

The United Urbanus colliery is a former coal mine in Langendreer . The mine emerged from the consolidation of several mines and pit fields . The mine was one of the founding members of the Association for Mining Interests.

history

The beginnings

In the period from 1825 to August 22, 1828, the Urbanus colliery consolidated with the Compier field, the Victor-Friedrich Erbstollen field and the Nainstedt field to become Urbanus II field. The name was only later changed to the United Urbanus colliery. It was first in tunnel operation further degradation operated. The Gotthelf, Thurm and Wilhelm shafts and a test shaft were also available. In 1827 the Urbanus tunnel was further excavated . On November 19, 1829, the Längenfeld Urbanus I and Urbanus II were awarded . In 1830, shaft 9 and the test shaft were in operation. In the same year, the sinking work for the Urbanus shaft began. The transition to civil engineering began with the sinking of this shaft . In 1835 the Leopold and Heinrich shafts were in operation. In the same year a coal defeat was created on the Ruhr . By 1838, the union owned such a large mine that there were plans to move to civil engineering . For this purpose, a Seigerer shaft named Schacht Friedrich Wilhelm should be created. The mine director at the time, Ehrenfried Honigmann, had doubts about the implementation and was skeptical about the project.

The expansion of the mine

In 1840 the Heinrich shaft was mined. In the same year began, the shaft Friedrich Heinrich abzuteufen . The shaft was sunk to a length of tons and had a rectangular shaft disc measuring 226 " by 85". The starting point of this shaft was in the area of ​​today's Urbanusstrasse at the corner of Westernberg in the Kaltehardt district . In this area, which was Erbstollensohle of social Erbstolln at a depth of 16¾ Lach Tern . The shaft served as a further transition to civil engineering . In the first year, the shaft was sunk to ten meters below the bottom of the tunnel . In order to improve the sales of the coal mined, the same year began to build a horse-drawn towing railway up to the coal defeat on the Ruhr. The track had a length of 1921 laughs when it was completed. In 1841 (+ 26 meters was in the shaft Friedrich Wilhelm at a depth of 90 meters NN ), the first civil sole recognized. However, there were strong water inflows during the work. In order to be able to cope with the water inflow of seven cubic meters per minute, a steam engine was installed for the dewatering . This machine had an output of 60 HP and was at that time the most powerful machine in the Brandenburg area. After the first excavation level had been set, the level was driven in the thick Urbanusbank seam, and in the same year the excavation in civil engineering began. As mining method was pillar method applied. Representative of the union at the time was composed of Ruhrort originating merchant Justus Liebrecht.

In 1842, the steam engine was put into operation at the Wilhelm shaft in order to ensure the drainage of the underground floors. The underground alignment work proceeded rapidly. Although the trades still had to pay additional fines in the first few years after the transition to civil engineering , the mine was already making a profit after a few years. In 1845 the western basic route location in the seam Victor Friedrich was driven up to a length of 140 lachterns . The seam was 84 inches thick. In the thick Urbanusbank seam, the eastern basic section was driven to a length of 221½ Lachtern. In 1847 a yield of 12,417 Reichstalers was achieved. In 1848, the Friedrich Wilhelm shaft began to be deepened. In 1850, the third level was set at a depth of 149 meters (−33 meters above sea level). This 3rd level was thus the second underground level of the mine. In the same year, the Heinrich shaft was converted into a weather shaft . In 1852 there was severe water ingress into the mine workings . Due to the strong water ingress, the alignment work on the 71 Lachter level could not be continued. The amount of water was so great that the mine workings to the studs sole absoff and then gesümpft had to be. After steam art had been rebuilt, the pit water that had accrued up to that point could be pumped out of the mine again in 1853. In the southern hollow wing, the seams there were approached in the same year . At that time the mine belonged to the Bochum Mining Authority district.

The further operation

In 1854, a new weather shaft began to be sunk. In the same year, the weather bed was set at a depth of 63 meters . In 1855, two seams in were Verhieb . One of the seams had a thickness of 106 inches , the other seam was 78 inches thick. At that time the mine belonged to the Märkisches Bergamts district and there to the jury area Westlich Witten . In the following year, when a pillar was being dismantled , a sudden water ingress occurred on the second underground level . The amount of water flowing in every minute was 70 cubic feet . Because of this strong water inflow, the mine workings threatened to drown. As the water ingress continued, the water flow decreased to 45 cubic feet per minute. After building several watertight dams , the inflow was reduced to 28 cubic feet per minute and operations resumed. After the water inflow had largely been stopped and operations could be continued, the assembly of a more powerful dewatering machine began in 1857 . The new dewatering machine was completed the following year. Installation of the pumps then began. The preparation work and also the mining in the seams Victor Friedrich and Dicke Urbanusbank could be continued without any problems worth mentioning. In 1859 the new dewatering machine was put into operation. The expansion, installation and dismantling were concentrated this year on the seams Dicke Urbanus and Victor Friedrich.

In 1860, the Friedrich Wilhelm shaft began to be deepened again. In 1861 the area of ​​the third underground level was reached. In the same year the breakthrough took place with the Colonia colliery . After the underground connection between the two shafts was established, the horse-drawn towing railway was no longer needed and was shut down shortly afterwards. This year, mining continued to be concentrated on the Victor Friedrich and Dicke Urbanus seams. At that time the mine belonged to the Witten mining area . The following year, the third underground level was set in the Friedrich Wilhelm shaft at a depth of 188 meters (−72 meters above sea level). It was started to align the sole. In the same year the southern cross passage reached a length of 23½ laughs . However, the thick Urbanusbank seam has not yet been approached. The fixture work on the second building level was finished this year and dismantling began. At that time, the mine belonged to the area Witten. In 1863, hard coal was mined above the second underground level in the two seams Dicke Urbanusbank and Friedrich. In order to loosen the north saddle wing , a cross cut was made on the second underground level in 1863. On the 3rd underground level in the thicknesses Urbanusbank and Friedrich seams, the level sections were driven further. It was found that the seams here were only very irregular.

The last few years until the consolidation

After four pit fields had already been awarded in the years 1839 to 1849, further pit fields were awarded in 1869. On March 12, 1869, the Urbanus III field was awarded. The field was later divided into Urbanus IV, Urbanus A, and others. A new weather shaft had to be sunk to ensure adequate ventilation of the mine workings in the north wing . Therefore, in 1870, a further weather shaft was started to be sunk. The starting point of this shaft was 450 meters northeast of the Friedrich Wilhelm shaft. The shaft was set up right next to a weather borehole and was sunk to a depth of eleven puddles that same year. In the same year a coking plant was put into operation. On July 20, 1871, the United Urbanus mine, consisting of the two pit fields Urbanus I and Urbanus II, consolidated with the mine fields Urbanus VI and Urbanus A. At that time, the two mine fields belonged to the rights of the double Prussian crown mine. On April 2, 1872, the mine fields of the United Urbanus colliery were purchased by the German Actien-Gesellschaft für Bergbau, Eisen- und Stahlindustrie, based in Berlin. In 1873 there were again strong water inflows. In 1874, a cross passage to the Colonia colliery was driven on the third level . In 1875 the mine became the property of the Mansfelder copper slate building union. This transfer of ownership was sealed by a purchase agreement on October 10 of the same year. The Mansfeld trade union needed the mine to meet its own need for hard coal from their mines and smelting works. In the period from 1875 to mid-1877, the United Urbanus colliery consolidated with other mines to form the Mansfeld colliery . The Urbanus operating area continued to operate independently as a production site for several years and was shut down in 1905.

Promotion and workforce

Lumpy , high- quality fat coal was extracted from the mine . The first production and workforce figures come from the year 1830, in the year 22 to 46 miners were employed on the mine, who produced 95,513 bushels of hard coal . In 1835 123,325 bushels of hard coal were extracted. In 1840 17,002 Prussian tons of hard coal were mined. In the following year, 32,263 Prussian tons of hard coal were mined. In 1842 the production was around 9,000 tons. In 1845, 285,591 bushels of hard coal were mined. In 1847 58 to 94 miners were employed at the mine, who produced 344,245 bushels of hard coal. In 1850, 25,081 tons of hard coal were mined. In 1855, 158 miners extracted 155,798 tons of coal from Prussia. After the water ingress in 1856, there was a significant decrease in production by 1872. In 1858 115 miners were still employed at the mine. In 1865, 18,126 tons of hard coal were mined. In 1870, the production sank to 13,250 tons of hard coal. In 1872 production increased to 33,513 tons of hard coal; this production was provided by 153 miners. In 1874, 38,751 tons of hard coal were mined. These are also the last known production figures for the mine.

Current condition

Today Urbanusstraße in Kaltehardt is still reminiscent of the United Urbanus colliery. Some of the colliery's facilities were located on this street.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u Joachim Huske : The coal mines in the Ruhr area. Data and facts from the beginning to 2005 (= publications from the German Mining Museum Bochum 144) 3rd, revised and expanded edition. Self-published by the German Mining Museum, Bochum 2006, ISBN 3-937203-24-9 .
  2. ↑ a b c d Gerhard Gebhardt: Ruhr mining. History, structure and interdependence of its societies and organizations. Glückauf Verlag, Essen 1957
  3. ↑ a b Wilhelm Hermann, Gertrude Hermann: The old collieries on the Ruhr. 4th edition. Publishing house Karl Robert Langewiesche, successor Hans Köster, Königstein i. Taunus 1994, ISBN 3-7845-6992-7 .
  4. ^ A b c d Karl Heinz Bader, Karl Röttger, Manfred Prante: 250 years of coal mining in the Brandenburg region. A contribution to the history of mining, the mining administration and the city of Bochum. Study publisher Dr. N. Brockmeyer, Bochum 1987, ISBN 3-88339-590-0 , pp. 190-191.
  5. ↑ a b c d e f g Kurt Pfläging: Stein's journey through the coal mining industry on the Ruhr. 1st edition. Geiger Verlag, Horb am Neckar 1999, ISBN 3-89570-529-2 .
  6. ↑ a b Gustav Adolf Wüstenfeld: On the trail of coal mining. Gustav Adolf Wüstenfeld-Verlag, Wetter-Wengern 1985, ISBN 3-922014-04-6 .
  7. ↑ R. v. Carnall (Hrsg.): Journal for the mountain, hut and saltworks in the Prussian state. First volume, published by Wilhelm Hertz , Berlin 1854.
  8. ↑ R. v. Carnall (Hrsg.): Journal for the mountain, hut and saltworks in the Prussian state. Second volume, published by Wilhelm Hertz , Berlin 1855
  9. ↑ a b Ludwig Herrmann Wilhelm Jacobi : The mining, metallurgy and trade of the government district Arnsberg in statistical representation. Published by Julius Bädeker, Iserlohn 1857.
  10. ↑ R. v. Carnall (Hrsg.): Journal for the mountain, hut and saltworks in the Prussian state. Fifth volume, published by Wilhelm Hertz, Berlin 1858
  11. ↑ Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Sixth volume, published by the royal and secret Ober-Hofdruckerei (R. Decker), Berlin 1858
  12. ↑ Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Seventh volume, published by the royal and secret Ober-Hofdruckerei (R. Decker), Berlin 1859.
  13. ↑ Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Eighth volume, published by the royal and secret Ober-Hofdruckerei (R. Decker), Berlin 1860.
  14. ↑ a b Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Tenth volume, published by the royal and secret Ober-Hofdruckerei (R. Decker), Berlin 1862.
  15. ↑ Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Eleventh volume, published by the royal and secret Ober-Hofdruckerei (R. Decker), Berlin 1863
  16. ↑ Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Twelfth volume, published by the royal and secret Ober-Hofdruckerei (R. Decker), Berlin 1864
  17. ↑ a b Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Volume nineteenth, published by Ernst & Korn, Berlin 1871
  18. ↑ The coal of the Ruhr area . Compilation of the most important mines in the Ruhr coal mining area, specifying the quality of the coal mined, the rail connections, as well as the mining and freight rates. Second completely revised and completed edition, publishing bookstore of the M. DuMont-Schauberg'schen Buchhandlung, Cologne 1874
  19. ^ The early mining on the Ruhr: Zeche (Vereinigte) Urbanus (accessed on November 16, 2012)

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