Cystovirus: Difference between revisions

Cystovirus
Virus classification
Group:	Group III (dsRNA)
Family:	Cystoviridae
Genus:	Cystovirus

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Cystovirus is a genus of dsRNA virus that infect certain Gram-negative bacteria.

Characteristics

All cystoviruses are distinguished by their three strands (analogous to chromosomes) of dsRNA, totalling ~14 kb in length and their protein and lipid outer layer. No other bacteriophage has any lipid in its outer coat, though the Tectiviridae and the Corticoviridae have lipids within their capsids.

Most identified cystoviruses infect Pseudomonas species, but this is likely biased due to the method of screening and enrichment.^[1] The type species is Pseudomonas phage Φ6, but there are many other members of this family. Φ7, Φ8, Φ9, Φ10, Φ11, Φ12, and Φ13 have been identified and named,^[2] but other cystoviruses have also been isolated.^[1]

Members of the Cystoviridae appear to be most closely related to the Reoviridae,^[3] but also share homology with the Totiviridae. Cystoviruses are the only bacteriophage that are more closely related to viruses of eukaryotes than to other phage.

Notes

^ ^a ^b Silander OK, Weinreich DM, Wright KM; et al. (2005). "Widespread genetic exchange among terrestrial bacteriophages". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 102 (52): 19009–14. doi:10.1073/pnas.0503074102. PMC 1323146. PMID 16365305. {{cite journal}}: Explicit use of et al. in: |author= (help); Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^ Mindich L, Qiao X, Qiao J, Onodera S, Romantschuk M, Hoogstraten D (1999). "Isolation of additional bacteriophages with genomes of segmented double-stranded RNA". J. Bacteriol. 181 (15): 4505–8. PMC 103579. PMID 10419946. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^ Butcher SJ, Dokland T, Ojala PM, Bamford DH, Fuller SD (1997). "Intermediates in the assembly pathway of the double-stranded RNA virus phi6". EMBO J. 16 (14): 4477–87. doi:10.1093/emboj/16.14.4477. PMC 1170074. PMID 9250692. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

External links

Viralzone: Cystovirus

This virus-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

[Silander_2005-1] Silander OK, Weinreich DM, Wright KM; et al. (2005). "Widespread genetic exchange among terrestrial bacteriophages". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 102 (52): 19009–14. doi:10.1073/pnas.0503074102. PMC 1323146. PMID 16365305. {{cite journal}}: Explicit use of et al. in: |author= (help); Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[Mindich_1999-2] Mindich L, Qiao X, Qiao J, Onodera S, Romantschuk M, Hoogstraten D (1999). "Isolation of additional bacteriophages with genomes of segmented double-stranded RNA". J. Bacteriol. 181 (15): 4505–8. PMC 103579. PMID 10419946. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[Butcher_1997-3] Butcher SJ, Dokland T, Ojala PM, Bamford DH, Fuller SD (1997). "Intermediates in the assembly pathway of the double-stranded RNA virus phi6". EMBO J. 16 (14): 4477–87. doi:10.1093/emboj/16.14.4477. PMC 1170074. PMID 9250692. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

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@@ Line 4: / Line 4: @@
 | familia            = '''Cystoviridae'''
 | genus              = Cystovirus}}
-'''''Cystovirus''''' is a genus of [[dsRNA]] [[virus]], which infect certain [[Gram negative]] [[bacteria]].
+'''''Cystovirus''''' is a genus of [[dsRNA]] [[virus]] that infect certain [[Gram-negative]] [[bacteria]].
 == Characteristics ==
-All cystoviruses are distinguished by their three strands (analogous to [[chromosomes]]) of [[dsRNA]], totalling ~14 [[Base pair#Length unit|kb]] in length and their [[protein]] and [[lipid]] outer layer.  No other [[bacteriophage]] have any lipid in their outer coat, though the ''[[DNA virus|Tectiviridae]]'' and the ''[[DNA virus|Corticoviridae]]'' have lipids within their [[capsid]]s.
+All cystoviruses are distinguished by their three strands (analogous to [[chromosomes]]) of [[dsRNA]], totalling ~14 [[Base pair#Length unit|kb]] in length and their [[protein]] and [[lipid]] outer layer.  No other [[bacteriophage]] has any lipid in its outer coat, though the ''[[DNA virus|Tectiviridae]]'' and the ''[[DNA virus|Corticoviridae]]'' have lipids within their [[capsid]]s.
-Most identified cystoviruses infect ''[[Pseudomonas]]'' species, but this is likely biased due to the method of screening and enrichment.<ref name=Silander_2005/> The type species is ''[[Pseudomonas phage Φ6]]'', but there are many other members of this family.  Φ7, Φ8, Φ9, Φ10, Φ11, Φ12 and [[Φ13]] have been identified and named,<ref name=Mindich_1999>{{cite journal |author=Mindich L, Qiao X, Qiao J, Onodera S, Romantschuk M, Hoogstraten D |title=Isolation of additional bacteriophages with genomes of segmented double-stranded RNA |journal=J. Bacteriol. |volume=181 |issue=15 |pages=4505–8 |year=1999 |month=August |pmid=10419946 |pmc=103579 |url=http://jb.asm.org/cgi/content/full/181/15/4505}}</ref> but other cystoviruses have also been isolated.<ref name=Silander_2005>{{cite journal |author=Silander OK, Weinreich DM, Wright KM, ''et al.'' |title=Widespread genetic exchange among terrestrial bacteriophages |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=102 |issue=52 |pages=19009–14 |year=2005 |month=December |pmid=16365305 |pmc=1323146 |doi=10.1073/pnas.0503074102 |url=http://www.pnas.org/cgi/content/full/102/52/19009}}</ref>
+Most identified cystoviruses infect ''[[Pseudomonas]]'' species, but this is likely biased due to the method of screening and enrichment.<ref name=Silander_2005/> The type species is ''[[Pseudomonas phage Φ6]]'', but there are many other members of this family.  Φ7, Φ8, Φ9, Φ10, Φ11, Φ12, and [[Φ13]] have been identified and named,<ref name=Mindich_1999>{{cite journal |author=Mindich L, Qiao X, Qiao J, Onodera S, Romantschuk M, Hoogstraten D |title=Isolation of additional bacteriophages with genomes of segmented double-stranded RNA |journal=J. Bacteriol. |volume=181 |issue=15 |pages=4505–8 |year=1999 |month=August |pmid=10419946 |pmc=103579 |url=http://jb.asm.org/cgi/content/full/181/15/4505}}</ref> but other cystoviruses have also been isolated.<ref name=Silander_2005>{{cite journal |author=Silander OK, Weinreich DM, Wright KM, ''et al.'' |title=Widespread genetic exchange among terrestrial bacteriophages |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=102 |issue=52 |pages=19009–14 |year=2005 |month=December |pmid=16365305 |pmc=1323146 |doi=10.1073/pnas.0503074102 |url=http://www.pnas.org/cgi/content/full/102/52/19009}}</ref>
 Members of the ''[[Cystoviridae]]'' appear to be most closely related to the ''[[Reoviridae]]'',<ref name=Butcher_1997>{{cite journal |author=Butcher SJ, Dokland T, Ojala PM, Bamford DH, Fuller SD |title=Intermediates in the assembly pathway of the double-stranded RNA virus phi6 |journal=EMBO J. |volume=16 |issue=14 |pages=4477–87 |year=1997 |month=July |pmid=9250692 |pmc=1170074 |doi=10.1093/emboj/16.14.4477 }}</ref> but also share [[homology (biology)|homology]] with the ''[[Totiviridae]]''.  Cystoviruses are the only [[bacteriophage]] that are more closely related to [[viruses]] of [[eukaryotes]] than to other phage.