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{{Short description|Genus of palms}}
{{Speciesbox
{{Speciesbox
| image = FoxtailPalms0805.jpg
| image = FoxTail Palm at Seaworld.jpg
| image_caption =
| image_caption =
| status = LR/cd
| status = LR/cd
| status_system = IUCN2.3
| status_system = IUCN2.3
| status_ref = <ref name="iucn status 18 November 2021">{{cite iucn |author=Dowe, J.L. |date=1998 |title=''Wodyetia bifurcata'' |volume=1998 |page=e.T38733A10146773 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.1998.RLTS.T38733A10146773.en |access-date=18 November 2021}}</ref>
| parent_authority = [[Anthony Kyle Irvine|A.K.Irvine]]
| parent_authority = [[Anthony Kyle Irvine|A.K.Irvine]]
| display_parents = 2
| display_parents = 4
| genus = Wodyetia
| genus = Wodyetia
| species = bifurcata
| species = bifurcata
| authority = [[Anthony Kyle Irvine|A.K.Irvine]]
| authority = [[Anthony Kyle Irvine|A.K.Irvine]]
|}}
}}


'''''Wodyetia bifurcata''''', the '''foxtail palm''', is a species of palm in the [[Arecaceae]] family, native to [[Queensland]], [[Australia]].<ref>Dowl, J.L. 1998. [http://www.iucnredlist.org/search/details.php/38733/all Wodyetia bifurcata]. [http://www.iucnredlist.org 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. ] Downloaded on 20 July 2007.</ref> It is the sole species in the genus '''''Wodyetia'''''.
'''''Wodyetia bifurcata''''', the '''foxtail palm''', is a species of palm in the family [[Arecaceae]], native to [[Queensland]], [[Australia]].<ref name="iucn status 18 November 2021" /> It is the sole species in the genus '''''Wodyetia'''''.


The Palm and Cycads Societies of Australia (PACSOA) describes this palm as follows:
The Palm and Cycads Societies of Australia (PACSOA) describes this palm as follows:
Line 20: Line 22:


== Etymology ==
== Etymology ==
Most of the world was unaware of the existence of this 'spectacular' palm until 1978, when an [[Australian Aborigines|Aboriginal]] man brought it to botanists and the world's attention<ref name="usbg">[http://www.usbg.gov/plant-collections/conservation/upload/wodyetia%20bifurcata.pdf usbg.gov plant-collections] Accessed 3 May 2008</ref>
Most of the world was unaware of the existence of this 'spectacular' palm until 1978, when an [[Australian Aborigines|Aboriginal]] man brought it to botanists and the world's attention<ref name="usbg">[https://www.usbg.gov/plants/foxtail-palm usbg.gov plant-collections] Accessed 10 JAN 2018</ref>


The Aboriginal name of that Aboriginal man has been recorded as being "Wodyeti", thus the genus name for this Australian endemic species ''Wodyetia''. The [[Binomial nomenclature|specific]] name "bifurcata" is from Latin meaning “divided into two parts”, in reference to its leaves.
The Aboriginal name of that Aboriginal man has been recorded as being "Wodyeti", thus the genus name for this Australian endemic species ''Wodyetia''. The [[Binomial nomenclature|specific]] name "bifurcata" is from Latin meaning “divided into two parts”, in reference to the forking ("bifurcate") fibres covering the seeds.{{cn|date=April 2021}}


== Ecology and habitat ==
== Description ==
⚫
The foxtail palm is endemic to a very small part of [[Australia]], originally decorating the boulder-strewn, exposed gravel hills of the [[Cape Melville]] range, wholly within the [[Cape Melville National Park]].<ref name="PACSOA"/>

⚫
The area has been recognised for its rich [[biocultural diversity]], having long and intense Aboriginal associations and a rich biodiversity.<ref name="QPWS">[http://www.epa.qld.gov.au/parks_and_forests/find_a_park_or_forest/cape_melville_national_park/cape_melville_national_park__nature_culture_and_history/ Queensland National Parks and Wildlife Service's (2008) '''Cape Melville National Park - Nature, culture and history''' webpage] Accessed 4 May 2008 {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080415104738/http://www.epa.qld.gov.au/parks_and_forests/find_a_park_or_forest/cape_melville_national_park/cape_melville_national_park__nature_culture_and_history/ |date=April 15, 2008 }}</ref>

In addition to being a habitat for foxtail palms, the Melville Range is a habitat for animals such as the Godman's rock-wallaby (''[[Petrogale godmani]]''), the tropical ring-tailed gecko (''[[Cyrtodactylus louisiadensi]]'') plus endemic frogs and lizards such as the Cape Melville boulder skink (''[[Cryptoblepharus fuhni]]''), the Melville Range treefrog (''[[Litoria andiirrmalin]]'') and the Cape Melville boulderfrog (''[[Cophixalus zweifeli]]'').<ref name="QPWS"/>


== Physical attributes ==
⚫
[[Image:FoxtailPalm seeds.jpg|thumb|170px|right|Looking up at a cluster of foxtail palm Seeds]]
'''Flowering''': White flowers stalk that comes from the base of the crownshaft.<ref name="palmblog"/>
'''Flowering''': White flowers stalk that comes from the base of the crownshaft.<ref name="palmblog"/>


'''Foliage''': Variance of greenish colors; deep green to light green colors. Received its more commonly known Australian-English name from the appearance of its foliage, which is in a shape of a [[fox]]’s tail.<ref name="palmblog">{{cite web | title = Real Palm Trees | work = Palm Tree Physical Appearance (Trunk and Foliage) | url = http://realpalmtrees.com/palm-blog/f-j/foxtail-palm-wodyetia-bifurcata/}}</ref>
'''Foliage''': Variance of greenish colors; deep green to light green colors. Received its more commonly known Australian-English name from the appearance of its foliage, which is in a shape of a [[fox]]’s tail.<ref name="palmblog">{{cite web | title = Real Palm Trees | website = Palm Tree Physical Appearance (Trunk and Foliage) | url = http://realpalmtrees.com/palm-blog/f-j/foxtail-palm-wodyetia-bifurcata/}}</ref>


'''Fruits''': 2 inches long. Olive green to green in the early stages. Orange red when ripe.<ref name="palmblog"/>
'''Fruits''': 2 inches long. Olive green to green in the early stages. Orange red when ripe.<ref name="palmblog"/>
⚫
[[File:Foxtail Palm fruits.JPG|thumb|Mature fruits]]
⚫
'''Trunk''': Similar to the [[Archontophoenix alexandrae|king palm]], the foxtail palm trunk is smooth, thin, and self-cleaning. It grows a single, double, or triple trunk that is slightly spindle-shaped to columnar reaching heights of about 30 ft. The trunk also has a closely ringed, dark grey to light gray color which slowly turns more and more white. The crownshaft of the foxtail palm is light to bright green and slightly swollen at the base.<ref name="palmblog"/>


⚫
'''Trunk''': Similar to the [[Archontophoenix alexandrae|king palm]], the foxtail palm trunk is smooth, thin, and self-cleaning. It grows a single, double, or triple trunk that is slightly spindle-shaped to columnar reaching heights of about 10 m (30 ft). The trunk also has a closely ringed, dark grey to light gray color which slowly turns more and more white. The crownshaft of the foxtail palm is light to bright green and slightly swollen at the base.<ref name="palmblog"/><ref>{{Cite web|last=Taylor|first=David|date=2015-01-21|title=Foxtail Palm|url=https://brisbanetrees.com.au/foxtail-palm/|access-date=2021-09-21|website=Brisbane Trees and Gardens|language=en-US}}</ref>
⚫
[[File:Foxtail Palm.jpg|thumb|Foxtail in Moca, Puerto Rico in the gardens of Palacete Los Moreau.]]

⚫
[[File:Foxtail Palm seeding.jpg|thumb|Seedling]]
<gallery>
File:Fox Palm leaves.jpg|Leaflets of fox palm
⚫
File:Foxtail Palm seeding.jpg|Seedling
File:Wodyetia bifurcata flower.jpg|Closeup of flower.
⚫
File:Foxtail Palm fruits.JPG|Mature fruits
⚫
Image:FoxtailPalm seeds.jpg|Looking up at a cluster of foxtail palm fruits
⚫
File:Foxtail Palm.jpg|Foxtail in Moca, Puerto Rico in the gardens of Palacete Los Moreau.
</gallery>


== Distribution ==
== Distribution ==
Line 50: Line 51:
<gallery>
<gallery>
Image:WodyetiaBifurcataBark.jpg|Closeup of bark.
Image:WodyetiaBifurcataBark.jpg|Closeup of bark.
File:Wodyetia bifurcata flower.jpg|Closeup of flower.
File:Wodyetia bifurcata fresh seed 01.jpg|Fresh seed
File:Wodyetia bifurcata fresh seed and fruit 01.jpg|Fruit and fresh seed
File:Wodyetia bifurcata fresh seed and fruit 02.jpg
File:Wodyetia bifurcata fruit pedicel 01.jpg|View of fruit pedicel (flower stalk)
File:Wodyetia bifurcata fruit bottom 01.jpg|Fruit showing remains of style
File:Wodyetia bifurcata ripe fruits 01.jpg|Fruits close up
File:Wodyetia bifurcata ripe fruits 02.jpg|Fruit bunch
</gallery>
</gallery>

== Ecology and habitat ==
⚫
The foxtail palm is endemic to a very small part of [[Australia]], originally decorating the boulder-strewn, exposed gravel hills of the [[Cape Melville]] range, wholly within the [[Cape Melville National Park]].<ref name="PACSOA"/>

⚫
The area has been recognised for its rich [[biocultural diversity]], having long and intense Aboriginal associations and a rich biodiversity.<ref name="QPWS">[http://www.epa.qld.gov.au/parks_and_forests/find_a_park_or_forest/cape_melville_national_park/cape_melville_national_park__nature_culture_and_history/ Queensland National Parks and Wildlife Service's (2008) '''Cape Melville National Park - Nature, culture and history''' webpage] Accessed 4 May 2008 {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080415104738/http://www.epa.qld.gov.au/parks_and_forests/find_a_park_or_forest/cape_melville_national_park/cape_melville_national_park__nature_culture_and_history/ |date=April 15, 2008 }}</ref>

== See also ==
* Queensland's 1993 [[Cape Melville affair]] involved the alleged theft of foxtail palms from a national park


== References ==
== References ==
{{reflist}}
{{Reflist}}


== External links ==
== External links ==
* [http://www.iucnredlist.org/search/details.php/38733/all IUCN Redlist of Threatened Species entry for Wodyetic bifurcata] <small>Accessed 3 May 2008</small>
* [http://www.pacsoa.org.au/palms/Wodyetia/bifurcata.html Palm and Cycad Societies of Australia webpage on Wodyetia bifurcata]<small>Accessed 3 May 2008</small>
* [http://www.pacsoa.org.au/palms/Wodyetia/bifurcata.html Palm and Cycad Societies of Australia webpage on Wodyetia bifurcata]<small>Accessed 3 May 2008</small>
* [http://palmguide.org/FTBG_images/large/92252G_2004061667272.jpg Palmguide.org picture of Wodyetia bifurcata]
* [http://palmguide.org/FTBG_images/large/92252G_2004061667272.jpg Palmguide.org picture of Wodyetia bifurcata]

{{Arecaceae genera}}
{{Taxonbar|from1=Q13091280|from2=Q2388306}}


[[Category:Ptychospermatinae]]
[[Category:Ptychospermatinae]]
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[[Category:Vulnerable flora of Australia]]
[[Category:Vulnerable flora of Australia]]
[[Category:Flora of Queensland]]
[[Category:Flora of Queensland]]
[[Category:Monotypic palm genera]]
[[Category:Monotypic Arecaceae genera]]
[[Category:Taxonomy articles created by Polbot]]

{{taxonbar}}

Latest revision as of 21:09, 27 February 2022

Wodyetia
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Clade: Commelinids
Order: Arecales
Family: Arecaceae
Subfamily: Arecoideae
Tribe: Areceae
Subtribe: Ptychospermatinae
Genus: Wodyetia
A.K.Irvine
Species:
W. bifurcata
Binomial name
Wodyetia bifurcata

Wodyetia bifurcata, the foxtail palm, is a species of palm in the family Arecaceae, native to Queensland, Australia.[1] It is the sole species in the genus Wodyetia.

The Palm and Cycads Societies of Australia (PACSOA) describes this palm as follows:

"Very attractive palm with long (2-3m.) plumose leaves (hence the name 'Foxtail'), and up to 10m tall with a grey trunk. It produces large (about the size of a duck egg) orange fruit"[2]

Etymology[edit]

Most of the world was unaware of the existence of this 'spectacular' palm until 1978, when an Aboriginal man brought it to botanists and the world's attention[3]

The Aboriginal name of that Aboriginal man has been recorded as being "Wodyeti", thus the genus name for this Australian endemic species Wodyetia. The specific name "bifurcata" is from Latin meaning “divided into two parts”, in reference to the forking ("bifurcate") fibres covering the seeds.[citation needed]

Description[edit]

Flowering: White flowers stalk that comes from the base of the crownshaft.[4]

Foliage: Variance of greenish colors; deep green to light green colors. Received its more commonly known Australian-English name from the appearance of its foliage, which is in a shape of a fox’s tail.[4]

Fruits: 2 inches long. Olive green to green in the early stages. Orange red when ripe.[4]

Trunk: Similar to the king palm, the foxtail palm trunk is smooth, thin, and self-cleaning. It grows a single, double, or triple trunk that is slightly spindle-shaped to columnar reaching heights of about 10 m (30 ft). The trunk also has a closely ringed, dark grey to light gray color which slowly turns more and more white. The crownshaft of the foxtail palm is light to bright green and slightly swollen at the base.[4][5]

  • Leaflets of fox palm
    Leaflets of fox palm
  • Seedling
    Seedling
  • Closeup of flower.
    Closeup of flower.
  • Mature fruits
    Mature fruits
  • Looking up at a cluster of foxtail palm fruits
    Looking up at a cluster of foxtail palm fruits
  • Foxtail in Moca, Puerto Rico in the gardens of Palacete Los Moreau.
    Foxtail in Moca, Puerto Rico in the gardens of Palacete Los Moreau.

Distribution[edit]

This species is endemic to the Cape Melville range, within the Cape Melville National Park in Queensland Australia. It was described in 1978, and was classed as a rare palm, both within Queensland, and on the IUCN's Red List of Threatened Species.[2]

After it became known to the world, the Foxtail Palm's seeds were so highly sought after that a thriving black market trade formed, with illegal collectors nearly decimating the in situ populations. The species propagates readily in cultivation and this ultimately reduced the pressure on the wild population. It has become widely distributed across the world, being progressively planted out as one of the "world's most popular" palms.[2][3]

  • Closeup of bark.
    Closeup of bark.
  • Fresh seed
    Fresh seed
  • Fruit and fresh seed
    Fruit and fresh seed
  • View of fruit pedicel (flower stalk)
    View of fruit pedicel (flower stalk)
  • Fruit showing remains of style
    Fruit showing remains of style
  • Fruits close up
    Fruits close up
  • Fruit bunch
    Fruit bunch

Ecology and habitat[edit]

The foxtail palm is endemic to a very small part of Australia, originally decorating the boulder-strewn, exposed gravel hills of the Cape Melville range, wholly within the Cape Melville National Park.[2]

The area has been recognised for its rich biocultural diversity, having long and intense Aboriginal associations and a rich biodiversity.[6]

See also[edit]

  • Queensland's 1993 Cape Melville affair involved the alleged theft of foxtail palms from a national park

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b Dowe, J.L. (1998). "Wodyetia bifurcata". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1998: e.T38733A10146773. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1998.RLTS.T38733A10146773.en. Retrieved 18 November 2021.
  2. ^ a b c d Palm and Cycad Societies of Australia webpage on Wodyetia bifurcata Accessed 3 May 2008
  3. ^ a b usbg.gov plant-collections Accessed 10 JAN 2018
  4. ^ a b c d "Real Palm Trees". Palm Tree Physical Appearance (Trunk and Foliage).
  5. ^ Taylor, David (2015-01-21). "Foxtail Palm". Brisbane Trees and Gardens. Retrieved 2021-09-21.
  6. ^ Queensland National Parks and Wildlife Service's (2008) Cape Melville National Park - Nature, culture and history webpage Accessed 4 May 2008 Archived April 15, 2008, at the Wayback Machine

External links[edit]

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wodyetia&oldid=1074357511"