380 kV line Rommerskirchen – Bürstadt – Hoheneck
The 380 kV line Rommerskirchen - Bürstadt - Hoheneck is a 341 km long 380 kV extra- high voltage line built by RWE in 1957 and operated today by Amprion GmbH (until 2009 RWE Transportnetz Strom GmbH ) . It was the first overhead line in Germany operated with this voltage level .
history
First plans
As early as in the course of the takeover of some energy supply companies in southern Germany and in the Alpine region in the 1920s, the Rheinisch-Westfälische Elektrizitätswerk (RWE) planned a large-scale high-voltage network in Germany that would accommodate the power plant capacities , which had been greatly expanded after the First World War , in the original supply area with the southern German and Austrian power plants - especially the hydropower plants - should connect. The first 220 kV line was built between Ronsdorf and Iserlohn in 1923 in order to gain initial experience with the then new voltage level.
In the years 1924 to 1929, the north-south line was built as the backbone of the expanding network , a high-voltage line beginning in Bürs at the Vorarlberger Illwerke and in Tiengen at the Schluchseewerk . It led past Stuttgart , through the Rhine-Main area and along the Rhine to the Brauweiler substation (at that time the Brauweiler main switchboard ). Although it was still operated with 220 kV, it was designed for future operation with 300 kV from the start. This voltage level was never used, however, as the RWE had plans in the 1930s to set up an extra-high voltage network with 380 kV.
After the Second World War , due to the increasing demand for electricity and the associated expansion of the power plants - especially the coal-fired power plants in the Rhenish-Westphalian region - the capacities of the pre-war 220 kV lines were no longer sufficient. Heinrich Schöller, then board member of RWE, wrote to the other West German energy supply companies Bayernwerk , Energie -versorgung Schwaben , Badenwerk , PreussenElektra , Vereinigte Elektrizitätswerke Westfalen and Hamburgische Electricitäts-Werke in 1948 , in which he was responsible for planning a joint West German 380 -kV high voltage network. As a result, these seven companies founded the Deutsche Verbundgesellschaft in the same year , which was supposed to coordinate the planning and operation of the West German network.
The world's first 380 kV line went into operation in Sweden in 1952 and connected the Harsprånget hydropower station to Hallsberg via Midskog over a length of 800 kilometers . In the 1950s and 1960s, this developed into a 380 kV network with a total length of around 5800 kilometers.
In the mid-1950s, numerous new large-scale lignite power plants, such as the Weisweiler power plant and the Frimmersdorf power plant, went into operation in the Cologne area . Further feeds from the hydropower plants on the Main and Danube led to overloading of the existing 220 kV network. To absorb the peak loads, it was advisable to operate a network with an even higher voltage level.
Before operation with 380 kV could start, preparatory work was carried out by the Deutsche Verbund-Gesellschaft and the 400 kV research association. In 1952, a 2 km long test line was built near Mannheim - Rheinau in order to take measurements and gain knowledge when setting up the 380 kV network.
Construction of the line
The construction work on the line from Rommerskirchen to Hoheneck was commissioned by RWE in 1957 after more than six years of preparatory work and carried out by Siemens , AEG and BBC . It has two circuits throughout and uses bundles of four as conductors. The mast design chosen was the Danube mast , which is still the most frequently used mast shape for 380 kV lines in Germany. The first-generation RWE Danube masts differ slightly in appearance from those newly built today due to a noticeable kink in the bracing of the lower cross member.
After a relatively short construction period and extensive switching tests, the line was handed over to normal operation on October 5, 1957, whereby initially only one of the two circuits was switched to 380 kV. In Rommerskirchen and Hoheneck, three transformers each with a capacity of 660 kVA were used. In addition, there was a reserve set of transformers for n-1 safety . From 1964 the second circuit was also operated with 380 kV.
The introduction of the 380 kV voltage level increased the efficiency of the power transmission routes fourfold and thus ensured the functionality of the network economy in a large area.
Conversions
In its original form, the line connected the Rommerskirchen, Koblenz-Wallersheim and Ludwigsburg - Hoheneck substations, all of which were supplemented by a 380 kV switchgear. As long as the line was still operated at 220 kV, it was connected to the Rheinau substation and ended there. Since this substation does not have any 380 kV transformers to this day , it has been running past it without a connection since the operating voltage was changed and the construction was completed as far as Hoheneck.
Over the years, some changes have been made to the route. Most of the time the original masts are still standing, only in a few shorter sections the line no longer follows its original course.
Although the section from Rommerskirchen to Koblenz runs almost continuously in parallel in the existing route space of the north-south line , this was previously not the case in the urban area of Meckenheim : the north-south line ran around the city to the west and south, the 380 kV Line north and east. When urban development measures were undertaken in the 1970s that created a new city between the core city and the now incorporated Merl , the line had to be relocated. On the section running parallel to the north-south line today (or today the line converted to 380 kV), barrel masts were erected instead of the usual Danube masts , which require less width. On part of the original route, a new 110 kV line was laid on the original pylons, which connects a transformer station in Merl. The fact that the course has been changed can also be seen from the original Danube masts before the transition to the barrel masts, which are twisted in relation to the direction of the pipeline. In the past, these were the guy masts for changing direction.
In the 1970s and 1980s, RWE built northwest of Koblenz , the nuclear power plant in Mülheim-Kärlich . To feed in the nuclear power, a large substation was built a few kilometers southwest near Weißenthurm , which has all the voltage levels common in Germany and was connected directly to the line from the west. A 380 kV line was created, designed for four circuits, which leads from Weißenthurm in a southerly direction past the Koblenz motorway junction and meets the old route of the line again at the Koblenz-Metternich junction of the A 61 . Two circuits form the continuous relation in the direction of Hoheneck, a third 380 kV circuit branches off to the old route of the line to the Wallersheim substation. A 380 kV system for the Danube masts was dismantled for this purpose. Even on the old route from Weißenthurm directly to Wallersheim there is only a 380 kV system today. Overall, there are two circuits of this voltage level between Weißenthurm and Wallersheim available today. The fourth circuit on the line is operated with 220 kV and also branches off the A 61 on a line originally starting in Wallersheim to the Saarland , which was originally intended to extend to France .
Another nuclear power plant was built in the early 1970s in southern Hesse near Biblis . The output of the Biblis nuclear power plant was fed into a line designed for four 380 kV circuits, which runs from the Rhine-Main area to the 380 kV Bürstadt substation in Lampertheim . The Rommerskirchen – Hoheneck line was also connected here. In the area of the line laying, Danube masts were erected, which visually differ slightly from the original masts. An unused original mast still stands between the two pipe swings.
course
 
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Line route with substations |
The line begins at the Rommerskirchen substation in Bergheim , North Rhine-Westphalia , where electricity from the surrounding lignite power stations Niederaussem , Neurath and Frimmersdorf is fed in. It then leads past the substation in Brauweiler , which, however, does not have a 380 kV switchgear. Up to Sechtem it is only in operation with one circuit. The second ends blindly in the Brauweiler substation and probably serves as an advance payment for a 380 kV connection to the system.
The further course leads past Bonn to the west, crosses the state border to Rhineland-Palatinate and leads to the Weißenthurm substation northwest of Koblenz . From there it goes, mostly parallel to the A 61 , over the Moselle valley , through the Hunsrück and Rheinhessen , over the Rhine to the Bürstadt substation in Lampertheim in Hesse . In Baden-Württemberg it then leads past Mannheim-Rheinau and through the Kraichgau to Ludwigsburg-Hoheneck .
On the entire route between the Brauweiler substation and the Weißenthurm substation, it runs parallel to the route of the former north-south line , the world's first interconnected line, which was also designed for 380 kV, but only operated at 220 kV and has been mostly through since 2010 a new 380 kV line was replaced. This means that two 380 kV lines run in parallel in this section.
Due to the fact that the line in Baden-Württemberg runs through an area that is managed by another network operator ( TransnetBW ), there are rare crossings between two 380 kV overhead lines. A particularly impressive junction of this type can be found shortly before the Hoheneck substation with the Hoheneck– Pulverdingen line . The mast at one end of the crossing span is 108.5 m high, the highest in Baden-Württemberg.
The line (far right) near Frechen , together with the north-south line (second line from the right).
On the left, the 110 and 380 kV lines coming from the Goldenberg power plant .
At Winningen the line crosses the A 61 ...
... and shortly afterwards, parallel to the motorway bridge, the Moselle (red and white painted mast in the foreground).
Crossing under the 380 kV Pulverdingen-Hoheneck line with the highest overhead line pylons in Baden-Württemberg ("Freiberger Riese") near Freiberg am Neckar
business
The line uses bundles of four as conductor cables with a maximum transmission capacity of 1,200 MW. The names of the lines at the operating company are
- Bl. 4513 from Rommerskirchen to Brauweiler
- Page 4511 from Brauweiler to Koblenz
- Bl. 4512 from Koblenz to Windesheim (49.8674728 N 7,8568508 E)
- Bl. 4523 from Windesheim to Rheinau (49.4387244 N 8,550311 O)
- Sheet 4524 from Rheinau to Hoheneck.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ RWE AG: Chronicle 1921–1930. Retrieved August 24, 2016 .
- ↑ a b c RWE AG: Chronicle 1946–1958. Retrieved December 16, 2016 .
- ↑ Walter Schossig, VDI Thüringen 2/2008: From the history of electricity, page 24. (PDF) Retrieved on December 16, 2016 .
- ^ Leonhard Müller: Handbuch der Elektrizitätswirtschaft, Springer-Verlag 2001, p. 32.
- ↑ H. Happoldt, D. Oeding: Electrical power plants and networks, Springer-Verlag 1963, 5th edition, p. 297.
- ↑ Electrical energy from lignite special edition Kölnische Rundschau of March 27, 1956, accessed on August 24, 2016
- ^ A b c d Albert Gieseler: Rheinisch-Westfälisches Elektrizitätswerk AG. Retrieved May 2, 2017 .
- ^ Research community for electrical systems and electricity management eV: Commemorative publication 70 years of the FGH. (PDF) Retrieved May 2, 2017 .
- ↑ Walter Schossig, VDI Thüringen 3/2007: From the history of electricity, page 24. (PDF) Retrieved on December 16, 2016 .
- ↑ RWE construction code numbers. Retrieved August 18, 2015 .