82nd Infantry Division (Wehrmacht)

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82nd Infantry Division

Troop sign

Troop registration
active December 1, 1939 to May 10, 1944
Country German Reich NSGerman Reich (Nazi era) German Empire
Armed forces Wehrmacht
Armed forces army
Branch of service infantry
Type Infantry Division
structure See: Outline
equipment Czech
Second World War Western campaign
Fall yellow
Fall red

War against the Soviet Union 1941–1945

Case Blue
Voronezh-Voroshilovgrad operation
Company Citadel
Oryole operation
Kiev
Kamenez-Podolski battle
Commanders
Commanders See: Commanders
insignia
Identification symbol black and white diamond (the 8) with 2 dots (the 2)

The 82nd Infantry Division was a major military unit of the Wehrmacht (6th wave of formation ).

Lineup

The division was formed with reservists from Military District IX ( Hesse , West Thuringia ) in Kassel on December 1, 1939, with secondments from Military Districts V and VI, according to the OKH order of November 11, 1939. The staffs were set up in Bad Hersfeld (division staff), Eschwege (Infantry Regiment 166) and Hanau ( artillery ). In January 1940, the division moved to Hammelburg on the military training area (TrÜbPl) Wildflecken for maneuvers and training ( combat of combined weapons ) at division level. There the division was equipped and equipped with Czech equipment.

Calls

Western campaign

On May 5, 1940, the division moved by train to the staging area near Bitburg . They marched via Vianden , Hompre , Wiltz and Neufchâteau to Charleville . As of May 31, she took part in offensive operations in the “ YELLOW case ” ( Luxembourg ) and “ ROT case ” ( France ). The route led from Charleville via Rethel , Châlons-sur-Marne , Tours and Langres . In July 1940 the division returned to Wildflecken. From August 1940, the division was on leave and reappointed on February 15, 1941.

Occupation force Netherlands

In mid-February the division moved to the Netherlands in the Breda , Rotterdam , Dordrecht , Utrecht and Haarlem area to relieve the 197th Infantry Division . In March she took over the functions of "Commander of the Army in the Netherlands" from the Higher Command z. b. V. XXXVII, which was transferred to Belgium and northern France. On March 14, 1941, the 197th Infantry Division, which was to be relocated to Poland , received documents for the performance of tasks in connection with the administration of the occupied Netherlands. On August 25, 1941, the division was assigned the area around the cities of Alkmaar , Groningen , Velsen , Leiden and Den Helder . The task here was: training and coastal protection.

On February 7, 1942, orders were given to expand the division into a full combat division. At the beginning of March, the infantry regiments received a 13th (infantry gun) company. The division remained as "Commander of the Army in the Netherlands" until April 30, 1942. Then it gave this task to the 167th Infantry Division .

Eastern Front

In May 1942, the division was moved by rail to the Eastern Front , via Wolkowysk, via Sluzk and Rogachev, to the assigned staging area in the area east of Kursk . Until July 1942, the division was under the XXXXVIII. Panzer Corps , then the XIII. Army Corps of the 4th Panzer Army (from August 2nd Army ) and took part in the Blau case (attack on Voronezh). It took part in defensive combat operations in the area of ​​the Shchigor River, and then in offensive combat operations in the area of ​​the Tim River in the Volovchik area until the end of June.

It was then deployed north of Kastornoje, where it went into defense and was surrounded by the Red Army during the Voronezh-Kharkov operation . The division commander Bäntsch was wounded on January 27, 1943 and succumbed to his injuries in the hospital on January 31, 1943. From January to February 1943, parts of the division were near the front at Kursk and were refreshed (restoration of the required personnel and material strength). The 82nd Infantry Division took up position in the second half of March 1943 in the area north of Rylsk (south Sevsk ) and defended this area until June 1943. During this time, the 2nd Army (Colonel General Walter Weiß ) was part of Army Group Center (Field Marshal General Günther von Kluge ) and took part in operations in the northern part of the Kursk front arc ( Citadel Company ) in the Sumy area.

After the abandonment of the "Citadel" operation, retreat skirmishes began with the counter-offensives of Operation "Kutuzov" and Operation "Rumyantsev" carried out by the Red Army . After the right wing of the 2nd Panzer Army (XIII. Army Corps) was pushed south in early September 1943, the division with the XIII. Army Corps subordinated to the 4th Panzer Army on September 3, 1943. Although no records of the situation, battles and operations of the 82nd Infantry Division are available from August, the situation maps of Army Group South, 4th Panzer Army and XIII. Army Corps that the division was in defense, from June to August 1943 at the latest, in the area north of Rylsk. On August 31, 1943, Rylsk fell to the troops of the Soviet Central Front ( Army General Konstantin Rokossowski ). It was in defense from August to September 1943 east of Gluchow . With the "Panther Movement", the division, like the entire Army Group SOUTH, fought over the Gluchow – Konotop – Priluki – Jagotin line from September 16 to 27, 1943 in the direction of Kiev. From October to December 1943 in the Kiev area near Novo Petrowzy and was deployed between October 9 and 15 for attacks on the Soviet bridgehead in the Stari Petrivtsi - Lyutizh (German spelling: Lyutesch) - Demydiv (German spelling Demidowo). The broad Dnepr was an ideal barrier in the defense concept of the Wehrmacht, which inflicted heavy losses on the Red Army in 1943. Fierce fighting broke out near Vyshhorod, near the Desna estuary, because Soviet troops concentrated their forces there. The battles have meant that the Holy Sepulcher of martyrs -Heiligen Boris and Gleb , the patron saint of the Kievan was destroyed. This was rebuilt by 2010. On 3 November, the Division moved south Kiev and in the management report on November 6 and 7 at Stugna ( ru ) section (Stugna position), generally room Plessezkoje- Kopatschiw -Trostinka fighting called back as possible. From January to March 1944 the division withdrew fighting into the Kamenets-Podolsk area (Ukrainian Kamjanez-Podilskyj). There the Division in April 1944 was in the range Bershchew- Tschortkow encircled ( Hube boiler ).

Whereabouts

Parts of the division went into captivity and the remaining parts in the wandering cauldron were taken up in the Buczacz area after the 82nd Infantry Division was dissolved on May 10, 1944, as Division Group 82 by the 254th Infantry Division . On July 4, 1944, the remaining 82 Division Group became the Grenadier - Regiment reclassified 474th The regiment was disbanded in April 1945 and replaced by the Grenadier ( Fahnenjunker ) Regiment 1238.

War diaries, activity reports, court records

The records of the war diaries (KTB) of the 82nd Infantry Division end in June 1943, they were probably lost or destroyed during the withdrawal movements to the west and the encirclement near Kamenez-Podolski. The existing records were secured, documented and archived on microfiches by the Allies after the war . The copies are at the NARA (National Archives and Records Administration) .

That the division's court files still exist, at least for the beginning of 1944, is shown by the example of proceedings by the divisional court in January 1944 against a corporal who, according to the court's report, had raped a 25-year-old married Russian woman the month before with a comrade. Although the court upheld the crime, according to the woman’s testimony, both defendants were granted extenuating circumstances and were waived prison sentences. The reason given in the judgment of January 30, 1944 was that

"That the tough regulations in force in Germany for the protection of the honor of women are not simply to be applied with equal severity to the conditions under which the German soldier has been deployed in Russia for a long time."

structure

Status: January 15, 1940

Long text abbreviation additions
Infantry regiment Inf.Reg. 158 I.-III. Btl.
Infantry regiment Inf.Reg. 166 I.-III. Btl.
Infantry regiment Inf.Reg. 168 I.-III. Btl.
Artillery Regiment Art.Reg. 182 I.–IV. Dept.
Division units 182 *
Field Replacement Battalion FErsBtl 182
Anti-tank department PzAbwAbt 182
Intelligence department 182
Engineer Battalion PiBtl 182
Infantry Division Intelligence Department InfDivNachrAbt 182
Infantry Division Supply Leader 182 InfDivNschbFhr 182

* The divisional units included: Ordnungs- (field gendarmerie), field post, veterinary, medical, administrative services and troop chaplains

Changes in the structure in 1942:

  • Renaming of the infantry regiments (InfRgt) to grenadier regiments (GrenRgt) on October 15, 1942
  • Renaming of the anti-tank department (PzAbwAbt 182) to Panzerjägerabteilung (PzJgAbt), supplemented by RadfSchw 182 and AufklAbt 182
  • Renaming of Infantry Division Supply Leader 182 (InfDivNschFhr) to Commander of the Infantry Division Supply Troops on October 15, 1942
  • Merger of the anti-tank department 182 (PzAbwAbt 182) and Radfahrschwadron 182 (RadfSchw 182) to form "Rapid Department 182" in October 1942

Changes in the structure in 1943:

  • Field replacement battalion 182 (FErsBtl 182) deployed on June 15, 1943
  • Reorganization of Panzerjägerabteilung 182 (PzJgAbt 182) in April 1943 (after losses Kessel Kastornoje)
  • New establishment of Rapid Department 182 in April 1943 (after losses of the Kastornoje boiler)
  • Reorganization of Pioneer Battalion 182 (PiBtl 182) in April 1943 (after losses Kessel Kastornoje)
  • Reorganization of Infantry Divisions Intelligence Department 182 (DivNachrAbt 182) in April 1943 (after losses Kessel Kastornoje)

Division group 82 (DivGr 82) from May 10, 1944 after the division was dissolved

Long text abbreviation additions
Regimental Group 158 RgtGr 158 1st - 4th Company, formed from I./158 (1st Battalion of Infantry Regiment 158)
Regimental Group 166 RgtGr 166 5th-8th Company, formed from I./166 (1st Battalion of Infantry Regiment 158) and the 13th and 14th companies of the division group
Grenadier Regiment 168 (remnants) IR 168 distributed to RgtGr 158 and 166 and dissolved GrenRgt
III. Artillery Regiment 182 division III./ArtRgt 182 formed from II./ArtRgt 182 with batteries 7. – 9.

Commanders

Friedrich Hoßbach (center)
takeover Submission Rank Surname
December 1, 1939 April 1, 1942 Major general Josef Lehmann
April 1, 1942 July 6, 1942 Major general Friedrich Hoßbach *
July 6, 1942 January 31, 1943 Lieutenant General Alfred Bäntsch **
January 31, 1943 March 15, 1943 Lieutenant General Karl Faulenbach (not stepped)
March 15, 1943 April 1943 Colonel / Major General Hans-Walter Heyne
April 1943 May 1943 Colonel Friedrich-August Weinknecht ***
May 1943 May 10, 1944 Lieutenant General Hans-Walter Heyne

* dropped out after being shot through the lung
** died seriously wounded in captivity, the troops' whereabouts were initially unknown
*** job title of division leader

Allegations

date Army Group army corps Operational area
May 1940 OKH reserve - - Bad Kissingen
July 1940 BdE - - homeland
August 1940 to February 1941 (on leave) - - Military District IX
March to May 1941 Bef. Netherlands Netherlands
June 1941 to May 1942 Command d. Tr. d. Army in the Netherlands Netherlands
June 1942 south 4. Pz XXXXVIII Belgorod
July 1942 XIII Kursk
August to December 1942 B. 2. Voronezh (north of Kastarnoje)
February 1943 Kursk (parts of the division for the purpose of refreshment)
March to August 1943 center Sumy
September to October 1943 south 4. Pz Kiev (north)
November 1943 XXXXVIII Kiev (south)
December 1943 to January 1944 VII Belaya Tserkov
February to March 1944 1. Pz Cherkassy
April 1944 Northern Ukraine XXXXVI Kamenets-Podolsk
May 1944 LIX Buczacz

to Ticino

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b c d e Georg Tessin : Associations and troops of the German Wehrmacht and Waffen-SS in World War II 1939–1945. Volume 6: Land Forces 71–130. Biblio-Verlag, Osnabrück, 2nd verb. Edition 1979, p. 62.
  2. ↑ NARA Film T315 No. 65 Part V, Divisions 58-96, ItemNo: 11462/11 Roll: 1123 1stFrame: 13, p. 727, 1970.
  3. ↑ NARA Film T315 No. 65 Part V, Divisions 58-96, ItemNo: 11462/3 Roll: 1122 1stFrame: 706, p. 726, 1970.
  4. ↑ Federal Archives finding aid RH 26-82 82nd Infantry Division.
  5. ↑ NARA Film T315 No. 65 Part V, Divisions 58-96, ItemNo: 23803/1 Roll: 1124 1stFrame: 759, p. 728, 1970.
  6. ^ Karl-Heinz Frieser : The retreat operations of Army Group South . In: The German Reich and the Second World War - Volume 8: The Eastern Front 1943/44 - The War in the East and on the Side Fronts. Fourth part: the return of the pendulum. The retreat of the Eastern Front from summer 1943 to summer 1944 . Deutsche Verlagsanstalt, Munich 2007, ISBN 978-3-421-06235-2 , p. 359.
  7. ^ Karl-Heinz Frieser : The retreat operations of Army Group South . In: The German Reich and the Second World War - Volume 8: The Eastern Front 1943/44 - The War in the East and on the Side Fronts. Fourth part: the return of the pendulum. The retreat of the Eastern Front from summer 1943 to summer 1944 . Deutsche Verlagsanstalt, Munich 2007, ISBN 978-3-421-06235-2 , p. 362 ff. And Situation map p. 350.
  8. ↑ Erich von Manstein: Verlorene Siege , Bernard and Graefe, 1991 12th edition, Bonn, ISBN 3-7637-5253-6 , pp. 545-548 Description of the Dnieper crossing by Soviet forces and the crisis on the northern flank of the Army Group.
  9. ^ Karl-Heinz Frieser: The retreat operations of Army Group South . In: The German Reich and the Second World War - Volume 8: The Eastern Front 1943/44 - The War in the East and on the Side Fronts. Fourth part: the return of the pendulum. The retreat of the Eastern Front from summer 1943 to summer 1944 . Deutsche Verlagsanstalt, Munich 2007, ISBN 978-3-421-06235-2 , p. 352 Situation map.
  10. ↑ a b c Kurt Mehner: The Secret Daily Reports of the German Wehrmacht Leadership in World War II, 1939–1945. Pages 155-231, 238, 355-361.
  11. ↑ Information on reconstruction retrieved from vyshgorod.osp-ua.info, Internet presence of the city of Vyshhorod. (Ukrainian)
  12. ↑ Erich von Manstein: Verlorene Siege , Bernard and Graefe, 1991 12th edition, Bonn, ISBN 3-7637-5253-6 , pp. 553-558 describes the fight for Kiev, breaking out of the bridgehead and expanding the Soviet offensive to Liberation of Kiev.
  13. ↑ Birgit Beck: Wehrmacht and Sexual Violence: Sexual Crimes Before German Military Courts 1939–1945. Schöningh, Paderborn 2004, ISBN 3-506-71726-X , p. 274.
  14. ↑ BA-ZNS S 313, court of the 82nd Inf.Div., P. 21 ff: field judgment of January 30, 1944. Quoted from Birgit Beck: Wehrmacht and sexual violence: Sexual crimes before German military courts 1939–1945. Schöningh, Paderborn 2004, p. 274.
  15. ↑ a b Georg Tessin: Associations and troops of the German Wehrmacht and Waffen-SS in World War II 1939–1945, Volume 7: Landstwehr Forces 131–200 , Biblio Verlag Osnabrück, 1973, ISBN 3-7648-0872-1 , p. 110, 149, 158, 215, 216.
  16. ^ Georg Tessin: Associations and troops of the German Wehrmacht and Waffen-SS in the Second World War 1939–1945, Volume 7: Landstreik Forces 131–200 , Biblio Verlag Osnabrück, 1973, ISBN 3-7648-0872-1 , p. 110.
  17. ↑ Georg Tessin: Associations and troops of the German Wehrmacht and Waffen-SS in World War II 1939–1945, Volume 7: Landstreik Forces 131–200 , Biblio Verlag Osnabrück, 1973, ISBN 3-7648-0872-1 , p. 149.
  18. ^ Georg Tessin: Associations and troops of the German Wehrmacht and Waffen-SS in World War II 1939–1945, Volume 7: Landstreik Forces 131–200 , Biblio Verlag Osnabrück, 1973, ISBN 3-7648-0872-1 , p. 158.
  19. ^ Georg Tessin: Associations and troops of the German Wehrmacht and Waffen-SS in the Second World War 1939–1945, Volume 7: Landstreik Forces 131–200 , Biblio Verlag Osnabrück, 1973, ISBN 3-7648-0872-1 , pp. 215/216.
  20. ↑ Dermot Bradley, Karl Friedrich Hildebrand, Markus Rövekamp: Die Generale des Heeres, 1921–1945: The military careers of the generals, as well as the doctors, veterinarians, directors, judges and ministerial officials in the rank of general, Volume 1: A – Bi (Abberger-Bitthorn ) Biblio Osnabrück 1993, ISBN 3-7648-2422-0 , p. 161.
  21. ↑ Major General Alfred Baentsch was considered missing after his serious wound (declared dead with effect from January 31, 1943 and posthumously promoted to Lieutenant General), Colonel Heyne as deputy commander courageously led the division, Lieutenant General Karl Faulenbach , who was designated as the new commander and was set off from Kiev on February 16, 1943, did not reach the division due to illness and was reassigned to the Führer Reserve on March 1, 1943. Colonel Heyne was then officially assigned to lead the division on March 15, 1943, and on June 1, 1943, when he was promoted to major general, he was appointed commander.

Remarks

  1. ↑ Abbreviation BdE = Commander of the Replacement Army.
  2. ↑ Abbreviation Bef. D. Tr. d. Army = commander of the army's troops.
  3. ↑ An obvious error in the table in the book Georg Tessin: Associations and troops of the German Wehrmacht and Waffen-SS in World War II 1939–1945. Volume 6: Land Forces 71–130 . Biblio-Verlag, Osnabrück, 2nd verb. Edition 1979, p. 62., the division was unloaded in Kursk and moved into its operational area east of Kursk am Tim. Belgorod is about 100 km south of Kursk.
  4. ↑ Abbreviation e.g. Vfg. ​​= Available, corresponds to reserve.
  5. ^ The division was located south of Ssewsk, from August 26, 1943 to September 21, 1943, retreated to the south-east. Kiev, Rovnoje, east of the Dnieper, about 355 km as the crow flies.