Alonissus
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Municipality of Alonnisos Δήμος Αλοννήσου (Αλόννησος) |
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| Basic data | |||
| State : |
 Greece
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| Region : | Thessaly | ||
| Regional District : | Sporades | ||
| Geographic coordinates : | 39 ° 11 ' N , 23 ° 54' E | ||
| Area : | 129.607 km² | ||
| Residents : | 2,750 (2011) | ||
| Population density : | 21.2 inhabitants / km² | ||
| Seat: | Patitiri | ||
| LAU-1 code no .: | 2502 | ||
| Districts : | no | ||
| Local self-government : | no | ||
| Website: | www.alonissos.gov.gr | ||
| Location in the Thessaly region | |||
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Alonnisos ( Greek Αλόννησος ( f. Sg. )) Is a Greek island in the Northern Sporades . Together with three inhabited and numerous surrounding uninhabited islands, Alonnisos forms a municipality in the Greek region of Thessaly .
location
Alonissos is about 4 km east of Skopelos . With a length of 20 km and a width of about 4.5 km, the area of the island is 64.118 km². This makes Alonnisos the third largest island in the Northern Sporades. The highest point on Alonnisos is the Kouvouli with 475 m, in the municipality it is surpassed by the summit of the island of Gioura with 570 m.
history
Bone finds at Kokkinokastro of prehistoric animals and humans, as well as tools, were dated to around 100,000 BC. Chr. Dated. At that time Alonissus was probably connected to the neighboring islands to the west and Thessaly by a land bridge. Neolithic tools were discovered in the interior of the island near Kastraki. Further evidence of the Neolithic Age could also be found on neighboring islands such as Kyra Panagia, which are now uninhabited .
The evidence from the Mesolithic , which is rather rare for Greece , was found on the island of Gioura for the first time on an Aegean island.
In the 16th century BC The island was called Ikos (Ίκος) and was a Cretan colony . The Cretans brought olive and wine cultivation to the island. Between the 14th and 13th centuries BC The island became a Mycenaean colony .
After the Athenian fleet under the command of generals Kimon the piracy successfully challenged occurred Ikos and the other islands of the North Sporades the Delian League v 476th Chr. At. The Greek geographer Skylax reported in the 5th century BC. From the two cities Kokkinokastro and the old place Alonnisos. Ikos was famous for making wine. Workshops for the production of amphorae could be proven in different places on the island. The handles of the amphorae were labeled Ikion (product from Ikos). Therefore the wine trade could be proven up to the north coast of the Black Sea and to Alexandria .
The island was founded in 190 BC. Conquered by the Roman fleet.
With the capture of Constantinople in connection with the Fourth Crusade in March 1204 AD, Ikos came under the control of the newly founded Latin Empire . After the conquest of Constantinople by the Ottomans in 1453 AD, the island became a Venetian colony. The Ottoman fleet under the corsair and captain Chaireddin Barbarossa conquered the island in 1538 AD.
The island received its current name Alonnisos in 1831. In the 16th century AD it was called Liadromia and later Chiliodromia.
20th century
Alonnisos was shaken on March 9, 1965 by a severe earthquake with a magnitude of 6.3 on the Richter scale: the earthquake cost two lives and 85% of the houses were destroyed. The houses in the main town of the same name, also called Chora , were badly damaged. Only the thick house walls of the fortress-like village remained largely standing, but most of the roofs collapsed. Many residents did not rebuild their houses, but moved to the port of Patitiri , which has since developed into the island's administrative and shopping center. Impressed by the location of the destroyed village at around 250 m above sea level, foreigners bought up the ruins and created small holiday homes from them.
Alonissos municipality
According to the 2011 census, the community counts 2,750 inhabitants, who are spread over the following villages and settlements. The islands inhabited according to the census are de facto no longer permanently inhabited.
- Patitiri (Πατητήρι ( n. Sg. )), 1,628 inhabitants
- Agios Petros (Άγιος Πέτρος ( m. Sg. )), 22 inhabitants
- Alonnisos (Αλόννησος ( f. Sg. )), 208 inhabitants
- Votsi (Βότση ( f. Sg. )), 473 inhabitants
- Gerakas (Γέρακας ( m. Sg. )), 62 inhabitants
- Isiomata (Ισιώματα ( n. Pl. )), 49 inhabitants
- Kalamakia (Καλαμάκια ( n. Pl. )), 59 inhabitants
- Marpounda (Μαρπούντα ( n. Pl. )), 59 inhabitants
- Mourtero (Μουρτερό ( n. Sg. )), 48 inhabitants
- Steni Vala (Στενή Βάλα ( f. Sg. )), 104 inhabitants
According to the 2011 census, the islands of Kyra Panagia (2 inhabitants), Peristera (30 people) and Piperi (6 people) are also inhabited .
The individual islands
Map with all coordinates: Population development
| year | Residents |
|---|---|
| 1981 | 1,554 (municipality) |
| 1991 | 2,985 (municipality), 264 (Alonissos), 1,846 (Patitiri) |
| 2001 | 2,700 (municipality) |
nature
The soil of the mountainous island consists mainly of limestone . Spruce , olives , figs , almonds and vines grow on it . Seals and wild pigeons live on the wild beaches .
The island's beaches consist mainly of coarse gravel and are mostly only accessible on foot, with a moped or a boat. The marine ecosystem on the north side of the island is in very good condition. This is probably why the rarest mammal in Europe, the monk seal ( Monachus monachus ), lives here. To protect them and other animals, the Alonissos National Marine Park was opened in 1992 .
useful information
There is a homeopathic school on Alonnisos .
Web links
- About the island of Alonissos
- More information about Alonissos
- http://www.traduire.de/history_alonissos.htm
- Area information about Alonnisos on SkipperGuide.de
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Results of the 2011 census at the National Statistical Service of Greece (ΕΛ.ΣΤΑΤ) ( Memento from June 27, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) (Excel document, 2.6 MB)
- ↑ Cyprian Broodbank: At Iceland Archeology of the Early Cyclades . Cambridge University Press, 2002, ISBN 0-521-52844-5 , pp. 115 f . Fortified settlements in the Balkans ... - Google Books (English)
- ↑ Information from the USGS about the earthquake of March 9, 1965, English Historic Earthquakes ( Memento of January 9, 2009 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l Flora sporadum: Καταγραφή της χλωρίδας των Βορείων Σποράδων και οι μεταξύ τους φυτογεωγραφικές συνδέσεις , University of Patras, 2006 PDF Online ( Memento of 19 February 2009 at the Internet Archive ) (5 MB) , Greek
- ↑ a b c d e f g Προσδιορισμός και χαρτογράφηση των ορνιθολογικά ευαίσθητων στα αιολικά πάρκα περιοχών της Ελλάδας , Ελληνική Ορνιθολογική Εταιρεία (Hellenic Society for Ornithology) PDF Online (1.883 MB), greek
- ↑ a b c d e Charles Arnold (ed.): The islands of the Mediterranean . A unique and complete overview. 2nd Edition. marebuchverlag, Hamburg 2008, ISBN 3-86648-096-2 .