American climbing trumpet

American climbing trumpet
	American climbing trumpet variety ( Campsis radicans )
Systematics
	Asterids
	Euasterids I
Order :	Mint family (Lamiales)
Family :	Trumpet Family (Bignoniaceae)
Genre :	Trumpet flowers ( campsis )
Type :	American climbing trumpet
Scientific name
	Campsis radicans
	( L. ) Seem. ex Bureau

The American climbing trumpet ( Campsis radicans ) is one of the two species of the genus of the trumpet flowers ( Campsis ) within the family of the trumpet tree plants (Bignoniaceae). It is widespread in the central to eastern United States. Some varieties are used as ornamental plants .

description

Stalked leaf

fruit

Winged seeds

Vegetative characteristics

The American climbing trumpet is a deciduous, woody liana . With the help of its adhesive roots, it grows very quickly and reaches heights of 5 to 10 meters, occasionally 12 meters or more. In the absence of support, the plant spreads on the ground, forming roots at the nodes of the branches and covering larger areas in a short time.

The opposite arranged leaves are divided into a petiole and a leaf blade. The leaves, which are up to 25 centimeters long, are light green at the beginning and later a strong medium green. They are pinnate unpaired and usually consist of seven to eleven leaflets, somewhat asymmetrical at the base, with serrated edges.

Generative characteristics

At the ends of the annual branches, clusters of flowers appear from July to September. The hermaphrodite flowers are weakly zygomorphic and five-fold with a double flower envelope . The five sepals are fused bell-shaped. The five petals are funnel-shaped, grown together like a trumpet and are 5 to 8 inches long. The palette of colors of the petals includes mainly orange to brick red tones; some varieties bloom yellow. There are only four curved stamens . The ovary is on top.

The capsule fruit contains many winged seeds.

ecology

In their homeland, the flowering plant is mainly visited by hummingbirds , which cause pollination by sucking nectar . Bees and bumblebees are the main sources of pollination outside the home area.

The capsule fruits require a lot of heat to ripen. When the capsule fruits pop open, the seeds are spread by the wind.

Illustration from Afbeeldingen der fraiste, meest uitheemsche boomen en heesters , plate 86

Distribution area

distribution

Campsis radicans is found in the central and southern US states of southern Indiana , New Jersey , southern Ohio , West Virginia , southern Illinois , southwestern Iowa , Kansas , Missouri , southeastern Nebraska , Oklahoma , southeastern South Dakota , Alabama , Arkansas , Delaware , Georgia , Kentucky , Louisiana , Maryland , Mississippi , North Carolina , South Carolina , Tennessee , Virginia , Texas, and Florida are widespread.

Variety with flowers and fruits

Illustration by Pierre-Joseph Redouté

Yellow flowering variety

Taxonomy

It was first published in 1753 under the name ( Basionym ) Bignonia radicans by Carl von Linné in Species Plantarum , 2, pages 624-625. The new combination to Campsis radicans (L.) Seem. ex Bureau was created in 1864 by Berthold Carl Seemann in Louis Édouard Bureau : Monographie des Bignoniacées. 2e thesis 2 (Atlas) , page 16 published. Other synonyms for Campsis radicans (L.) Seem. ex Bureau are Campsis curtisii Seem. , Tecoma radicans (L.) Juss.

Use as an ornamental plant

It was introduced to Europe as an ornamental wood in the 17th century . The American climbing trumpet thrives in very warm, sunny to partially shaded locations on both sandy and loamy ground and does not have any special requirements for its pH value . It tolerates frost down to about −20 ° C. The varieties are mainly planted because of their decorative flowers for house greening on west and south walls as well as on walls.

Use in crafts and design

Around 1900, the New York company Tiffany used the colors and shapes of the leaves and flowers of the American climbing trumpet, in English: "Trumpet Creeper" when designing a floor lamp. One example of this lamp fetched US $ 794,500 at an auction held by Christie's New York auction house on December 8, 2009.

swell

literature

Gordon Cheers (Ed.): Botanica. The ABC of plants. 10,000 species in text and images . Könemann, Cologne 2003, ISBN 3-8331-1600-5 .
Andreas Roloff , Andreas Bärtels: Flora of the woods. Purpose, properties and use . 2nd, completely revised edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2006, ISBN 3-8001-4832-3 .
Robert Zander : Zander. Concise dictionary of plant names. Edited by Walter Erhardt , Erich Götz, Nils Bödeker, Siegmund Seybold . 17th edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2002, ISBN 3-8001-3573-6 .

Individual evidence

^ Rafaël Govaerts (ed.): Campsis radicans. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved October 2, 2019.
^ ^A ^b Campsis radicans in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved August 4, 2014.
^ Campsis radicans at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed August 4, 2014.

Web links

Commons : American Climbing Trumpet ( Campsis radicans ) - Album with pictures, videos and audio files

Campsis radicans at Plants For A Future
Entry at Baumkunde.de .
AA Reznicek, EG Voss, BS Walters, University of Michigan, 2011: Datasheet at Michigan Flora online .

[WCSP-1] Rafaël Govaerts (ed.): Campsis radicans. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved October 2, 2019.

[GRIN-2] A ^b Campsis radicans in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved August 4, 2014.

[Tropicos-3] Campsis radicans at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed August 4, 2014.