Andlau (noble family)
Andlau (also Andlaw ) is the name of an old Lower Alsatian noble family . The family belonged to the four first families of the Holy Roman Empire . Andlau , the ancestral seat of the family, is now a municipality in the French region of Grand Est in the Bas-Rhin department .
history
origin
The family is mentioned for the first time in 1144 with Otto , episcopal strassburger vicar of the Andlau Abbey , who is still mentioned without a surname. In 1150 he appears in a document as Otto de Andelahe in possession of the hereditary mayor office of the abbey. In the years 1163–1179 Eberhard and Gerhard von Andelo appear in a document.
The oldest ancestral seat of the family was a castle in the city of Andlau near Barr in Lower Alsace, the so-called Thalburg, which was preserved as a fief by the emperor . Between 1246 and 1264 the Lords of Andlau built Hoh-Andlau Castle on a mountain above the city , which remained in the family until the French Revolution . Its impressive two-tower ruin is still there today.
Lines and possessions
The family, which was widespread early on, reached Mittelbergheim near Andlau with a branch line around 1200 and took the name of Bergheim. The descendants of this line were the later barons and counts of Berckheim . They carried on the Andlausche family coat of arms .
Other lines were rich in Alsace, including Homburg , Kleinlandau , Kingersheim and Wittenheim . Around 1678 a line settled in the Principality of Basel . Members of this branch became the Basel canons and canons of Moutier-Grandval Monastery . From 1714 they appointed four bailiffs to Delsberg and Birseck .
The Baron von Andlau zu Homburg, Bellingen etc. was elected on February 8, 1796 as head of the Breisgau knighthood . In 1808, with the acquisition of Birseck Castle , a line took on the nickname of Andlaw-Birseck .
The Andlaw-Birseck line became extinct in the male line in 1917 . The Andlau-Homburg and Andlau-Kleinlandau lines still exist in France today.
Status surveys
As early as 1356, the eldest of the family had the title of "First of the four Erbritter of the Holy Roman Empire" , which was confirmed by Emperor Charles V in 1550.
In 1458 the lords of Andlau became members of the knighthood of the Front Austrian and in 1547 they were enrolled in the Lower Alsatian knighthood . Subsequently, those of Andlau also belonged to the Breisgau estates . In 1676, Emperor Leopold I elevated the family to the status of imperial baron . 1773 took place by Louis XV. a French confirmation of the baronate for the entire family. The Andlau-Kleinlandau and Andlau-Homburg lines were included in the French count status in 1750, which was recognized in the margraviates of Baden in the same year . Hubert Josef von Andlau received the herbländisch Austrian count diploma in 1815. Recognition for the leadership of the baron and title of count in the Grand Duchy of Baden took place on August 22, 1817.
coat of arms
The family coat of arms shows a red cross in gold . On the crowned helmet is a red -clad royal trunk with an ermine collar or an armless gold-crowned hermelin-clad male trunk. The helmet covers are red and gold.
Name bearer
- Gunther von Andlau , Dept.
- Georg von Andlau († 1466), Provost of Basel Cathedral, first rector of the University of Basel
- Peter von Andlau (Latin Petrus de Andlo; * around 1420, † 1480), Alsatian lawyer
- Peter Hemmel von Andlau (* around 1420; †?), Late Gothic glass painter
- Hartmann von Andlau (around 1450–1517/24), Basel mayor
- Arbogast von Andlau (1550–1612), Grand Prior of the German Order of St. John
- Benedikt Anton Friedrich von Andlau-Homburg (1761–1839), prince abbot of Murbach and cathedral capitular in several dioceses
- Conrad Karl Friedrich von Andlau-Birseck (* 1766; † 1839), Baden State Minister
- Franz Xaver von Andlaw-Birseck (* 1799; † 1876), Baden diplomat
- Heinrich Bernhard von Andlaw-Birseck (* 1802; † 1871), Baden statesman
- Gaston Hardouin Andlau (* 1824 - † 1892), French general
- Karl Maria von Andlau-Homburg (1865–1935), Jesuit priest , confidante of Emperor Karl I of Austria
- Hubert Franz Maria von Andlau-Homburg (* 1868, † 1959), landowner and politician
literature
- Otto Hupp : Munich Calendar 1925 . Book u. Art Print AG, Munich / Regensburg 1925.
- Ernst Heinrich Kneschke : New general German nobility lexicon . Volume 1, Friedrich Voigt's Buchhandlung, Leipzig 1859, page 78. ( digitized version )
- Gerhard Köbler : Historical lexicon of the German countries. The German territories from the Middle Ages to the present. 7th, completely revised edition. CH Beck, Munich 2007, ISBN 978-3-406-54986-1 .
- Genealogical manual of the nobility , Adelslexikon Volume I, Volume 53 of the complete series, CA Starke Verlag, Limburg (Lahn) 1972, ISSN 0435-2408
- Edmund von der Becke-Klüchtzner: Family tables of the nobility of the Grand Duchy of Baden: a newly edited nobility book , Baden-Baden, 1886, p. 35 Family table of the barons of Andlaw-Birseck online
- Julius Kindler von Knobloch : von Andlau . In: Kindler von Knobloch. Upper Baden gender book, Heidelberg 1894, Volume 1, p. 13 online
Web links
- Dorothea A. Christ: Andlau, from. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
- Entry about Andlaw in Herders Conversations-Lexikon , Freiburg im Breisgau 1854, Volume 1, pp. 179-180.
- Coat of arms of the Andlau in the anthology of several heraldic books , southern Germany (Augsburg?) Around 1530
- Andlau coat of arms in the Book of Arms of the Holy Roman Empire , Nuremberg around 1554–1568, ditto
Individual evidence
- ^ E. Bécourt, L'abbaye, la ville et la famille d'Andlau
- ↑ Department Archives of Strasbourg, G 1308; Regest of the Bishops of Strasbourg No. 595
- ↑ Augsburg Ordinary Newspaper of State Action and Learned News . Maschenbauer, 1796 (p. 255)
- ↑ s. Edmund von der Becke-Klüchtzner: Stamm-Tafeln of the nobility of the Grand Duchy of Baden. A newly edited nobility book , Baden-Baden, 1886, p. 35 Family tree of the barons of Andlaw-Birseck online ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
