Andreas von Graben zu Sommeregg

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The coat of arms of Andreas von Graben and his grandson Andreas II von Graben in the Lienzer Sankt Michaelskirche. Illustration from 1531.

Andreas von Graben zu Sommeregg , also Andreas von Graben (* in the 15th century at Kornberg Castle ; † July 12, 1463 at Sommeregg Castle ), burgrave and lord of Sommeregg , was a Carinthian nobleman , administrator and military.

Andreas von Graben was under the Count of Cilli captain of the county of Ortenburg as well as burgrave and castle captain (he fulfilled a position here that was comparable to that of a military governor ) of the Cillier on Ortenburg and Landskron . With the extinction of the Cillier family in 1456, Von Graben lost the office of captain of the county of Ortenburg under the Habsburgs , their successors as local rulers.

biography

Origin and family

Andreas von Graben was the son of the Styrian nobleman Friedrich I. von Graben from the Kornberg line of the Lords von Graben and Catarina von Sumerau (also called Catarina von Saurau, De Sommereck, von Somereck, von Summeregk , daughter of a Nicl von Sumerau or Niklas von Somereck, St. Sumerau) and had in Friedrich II. von Graben auf Kornberg, councilor and commissioner of Emperor Friedrich III. , as well as Leonhard (Lienhart) von Graben, the founder of the older branch line in Tyrol, two brothers. With the Sommeregger line (through his marriage to Barbara von Hallegg on Sommeregg), Andreas founded the branch of the family, which was based in Carinthia and the County of Görz (in today's East Tyrol) and had a different coat of arms; split by red and three times split by silver and blue (silver-white diagonal bar like the trunk line of Graben Castle in Carniola ). He was married to the aforementioned Barbara von Hallegg, who was a daughter of Jörg von Hallegg (Jörg Hallecker), burgrave of Sommeregg and imperial councilor and administrator of the main team of Carinthia. Andreas' sister (?) Veronica von Graben († 1467) was married to Philipp Breuner († 1458), his niece Elisabeth von Graben married Georg von Auersperg († 1488). One of his close relatives was his nephew Ulrich III. von Graben , which under Emperor Friedrich III. was a high official and trusted councilor of the same.

In chill out services

Captain of the County of Ortenburg, Burgrave of the Ortenburg

Andreas von Graben was in the service of the Counts of Cilli for over four decades . In 1423 he was Cillic burgrave of Landskron , and in a military dispute of Count Hermann III. from Cilli with the castle office, the city of Villach , he led the Cillic armed forces against the surrounding area, which was fiefdom owned by the bishops of Bamberg. On the intervention of Prince-Bishop Friedrich III. Von Aufseß with Archduke Ernst the Iron had to withdraw from the Bamberg area on the instructions of Cilliers.

From 1433 Von Graben was captain of the county of Ortenburg as well as burgrave and castle captain of the Ortenburg . In 1445 he was involved in the feud between Count Heinrich IV of Gorizia and his wife Catharina von Gara as the Count of the Cillian castle captain of Ortenburg . After Von Gara was able to conquer the Görzische Weidenburg - which subsequently led to a threat to Upper Carinthia and Lienz - Count Ulrich II of Cilli (who was also concerned about the security of his own Carinthian possessions) moved under his military leader Andreas von Graben von Spittal an der Drau from Count Heinrich for help. Since Von Graben was able to quickly conquer the Weidenburg as well as the Moosburg lordship, which also belongs to the Görzer Grafschaft, together with Moosburg Castle for his conquering Count Ulrich, thanks to his 2,000-strong combat troops, Von Graben occupied them for his Cillier lords instead of the Gorizia and claimed them . On the interventions and demands of Emperor Friedrich III. Andreas von Graben had to return these conquests made for the Cillier to the counts Heinrich II. and Ulrich II. von Cilli to the now reconciled Görz rulers.

Burgrave of Sommeregg

In 1442 (another source speaks of a sale) Frederick II of Cilli awarded the burgraviate and dominion of Sommeregg to Andreas von Graben, which was confirmed to him and his sons for life. Von Graben, who already acted as captain of the County of Ortenburg for the Counts of Cilli and administered various other areas, held the rank of burgrave ( castellan ) on Sommeregg . This included the Burghut , the Sommeregg regional court and the military support of the Cillier princes, for which Von Graben received the taxes of the submissive peasants in the vicinity of the castle and the Sommeregg lordship. Andreas von Graben subsequently made the castle his family seat.

The Sommeregg Regional Court under Andreas von Graben

With the takeover of Andreas von Graben, Sommeregg became independent from the County of Ortenburg. It had clearly defined boundaries that extended to the Millstätter See and Seebach in the south, to the Lieser in the west, to the Pleßnitzgraben in the north and to the Tschiernock and Tangerner Bach in the east. Within this regional court, the Sommeregg rulership was not only responsible for its own farmers, but also for those farmers from the manors of Gmünd , Spittal an der Drau , Millstatt , the Lieseregg parish and various smaller estates.

Gravestone on the outside wall of the church in Treffling with the coats of arms of Von Graben (left) and Von Hallegg (right)

As a fiefdom of the Habsburgs

After the Count of Cilli died out, Andreas von Graben's fiefdoms of Sommeregg were confirmed by his successors, the Habsburgs . In 1458, Andreas von Graben is also named as the feudal lord of many mostly small vassals in the Vellach court. In 1462 he sold his Schloss Unterfalkenstein along with some grounds to Meinhard Florianer.

Andreas von Graben and the culture

In addition to Sommeregg, Andreas von Graben also built the churches of Treffling ( Seeboden municipality ) and Lieseregg representative. A winged altar created by Thomas von Villach contains the coat of arms of Andreas von Graben, who died in 1463 (or 1464) in the image of the crown of thorns . In the area around Lienz, Sommeregg and Ortenburg, various coats of arms of Andreas and his family can still be found today.

Miscellaneous

  • In 1446 Andreas von Graben is mentioned among the country people of the Archduchy of Carinthia.
  • In 1447 he became a caretaker and from 1450 burgrave on Sternberg.
  • His grave is in the parish church of St. Leonhard in Treffling, near Lake Millstatt.

progeny

From his marriage to Barbara von Hallecker (also von Hallegg ), daughter of the imperial council and administrator of the main team of Carinthia, Burgrave Jörg Hallecker , there were eight children:

  • Heinrich von Graben swore to Emperor Friedrich in place of his father Andreas - who had kept Sigmund Kreutzer, the administrator of the Carinthian captaincy, in prison for a long time, but had killed Emperor Friedrich - on April 21, 1459 in Wiener Neustadt Urfehde .
  • Ernst von Graben († 1513) was burgrave and lord of Sommeregg and was in the service of Salzburg; In 1500 he married Margaretha von Obratschan, a widow of Konrad von Rahmschüssel. With their daughter Rosina von Graben von Rain , Sommeregg Castle came into the possession of the Barons von Rain .
  • Virgil von Graben († 1507) was considered the "richest and most capable Görz nobleman of his time", he succeeded his father in 1463 as burgrave and lord of Sommeregg.
  • Ruth von Graben (also Rudolph von Graben ), he was wounded several times in 1477, taken prisoner by the Turks and later for a high ransom, which his Styrian cousin Ulrich III. paid by ditch , released; but he probably died soon afterwards of a slow-acting poison that the Turks had given him before his release
  • Cosmas von Graben († 1479) was named between the years 1460 and 1479 as a keeper / burgrave on Sannegg in Lower Styria in the Sanntal ; in the meeting about? Vziethal? against the Turks in 1473, when numerous members of the nobility fell or were taken prisoner by the Turks, some managed to escape, including Cosmas, who was wounded several times.
  • Barbara von Graben was married to Jakob Prager; her son Ladislaus Prager ( Ladislaus von Prag ) was Freiherr zu Windhag, Hereditary Marshal of Carinthia, Imperial Councilor and Truchsess, Captain of Wiener Neustadt, as well as caretaker of Enns and treasurer of Emperor Friedrich III; On April 20, 1467, as a widow, she donated three farms to the Landstrasse monastery in the Upper Dulach (Gorenje Dole).

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Carinthia I., volumes 163-165
  2. ^ Adalbert Sikora: The gentlemen from the pit in the journal of the historical association for Styria. 51st year, Graz 1960, p. 62
  3. ^ Adalbert Sikora: The gentlemen from the pit in the journal of the historical association for Styria. 51st year, Graz 1960, p. 66
  4. ^ Adalbert Sikora: The gentlemen from the pit in the journal of the historical association for Styria. 51st year, Graz 1960, p. 66 and p. 92
  5. ^ Adalbert Sikora: The gentlemen from the pit in the journal of the historical association for Styria. 51st year, Graz 1960, p. 66
  6. ^ Adalbert Sikora: The gentlemen from the pit in the journal of the historical association for Styria. 51st year, Graz 1960, p. 55
  7. ^ Adalbert Sikora: The gentlemen from the pit in the journal of the historical association for Styria. 51st year, Graz 1960, p. 92
  8. ^ Archives for history, statistics, literature and art . Volume 18, page 219
  9. ↑ Osttiroler Heimatblätter; Two particularly noteworthy women in Bruck Castle (1982)
  10. ↑ Communications from the Austrian State Archives, Volume 24 (1972)
  11. ↑ Osttiroler Heimatblätter; Two particularly noteworthy women in Bruck Castle (1982)
  12. ^ Regesten Kaiser Friedrichs III, 1440-1493: arranged according to archives and libraries, Volume 12 = [RI XIII H. 12 n. 279]
  13. ↑ Anzeiger, Volumes 89–90. Austrian Academy of Sciences. Philosophical-historical class. Publishing house of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, 1952, p. 373
  14. ^ History of the Sommeregg Castle and Dominion, by Wilhelm Wadl; in Carinthia I, 179th year (1989), pp. 157/158
  15. ↑ Carinthia's nobility until the year 1300. From A. Weiss
  16. ↑ Chmel, Regesta Friderici n. 3701; Regest of Frederick III. (1440-1493)
  17. ↑ Johann Weichard Freiherr von Valvasor: The honor of the Hertzogthums Crain: that is, true, thorough, and quite proper evidence and condition of this Roman-Keyserlichen wonderful hereditary land. Laybach (Ljubljana) 1689, p. 207
  18. ↑ Historisch-topographisches Lexicon von Steyermark: A - G, Volume 1, p. 548
  19. ↑ Digitized at Google books Joseph August Kumar: Mahlerische Wanderings in the surroundings of the capital Grätz - Grätz. , Chapter XIII Rosenberg and Graben, p. 294
predecessor Office successor
Jörg Hallecker Burgrave and Lord of Sommeregg
1442–1463 		Virgil of Trench
personal data
SURNAME Graben zu Sommeregg, Andreas von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Andreas von Graben
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Burgrave of Sommeregg and Ortenburg, captain of the county of Ortenburg
DATE OF BIRTH 15th century
PLACE OF BIRTH Kornberg Castle
DATE OF DEATH July 12, 1463
Place of death Sommeregg Castle