Bavarian Gt 2 × 4/4
| Bavarian Gt 2 × 4/4 DR series 96 |
||
|---|---|---|
 |
||
| Numbering: | K.Bay.Sts.B .: 5751-5765 DR: 96 001-96 015 |
K.Bay.Sts.B .: 5766-5775 DR: 96 016-96 025 1 |
| Number: | 15th | 10 |
| Manufacturer: | Maffei | |
| Year of construction (s): | 1913/1914 | 1922/1923 |
| Retirement: | 1936, 1940, 1944-1948, 1954 | |
| Type : | D'D h4vt | |
| Genre : | Gt 88.15 | Gt 88.16 |
| Gauge : | 1435 mm | |
| Length over coupling: | 16,900 mm | 17,100 mm |
| Length over buffers: | 17,500 mm | 17,700 mm |
| Height: | 4,650 mm | 4,550 mm |
| Width: | 3,150 mm | |
| Center distance of the chassis: | 1,500 mm | |
| Fixed wheelbase: | 4,500 mm | |
| Total wheelbase: | 12,200 mm | |
| Smallest drivable radius: | 180 m | |
| Empty mass: | 99.4 t | 105.4 t |
| Service mass: | 123.2 t | 131.1 t |
| Friction mass: | 123.2 t | 131.1 t |
| Wheel set mass : | 15.4 t | 16.4 t |
| Top speed: | 50 km / h, 40 km / h on a 25 ‰ gradient | |
| Indexed performance: | 1,470 PSi (1,081 kW ) |
1,630 PSi (1,199 kW) |
| Coupling wheel diameter: | 1,216 mm | |
| Control type : | Heusinger | |
| Number of cylinders: | 4 (2 LP / 2 HP) | |
| LP cylinder diameter: | 800 mm | |
| HD cylinder diameter: | 520 mm | 600 mm |
| Piston stroke: | 640 mm | |
| Boiler : | 2.46 m³ steam 8.43 m³ water |
2.46 m³ steam 8.21 m³ water |
| Boiler overpressure: | 15 bar | |
| Number of heating pipes: | 213 | 218 147 (after renovation) |
| Number of smoke tubes: | 24 | 34 |
| Heating pipe length: | 5,075 m | |
| Grate area: | 4.25 m² | |
| Radiant heating surface: | 14.75 m² | 14.65 m² |
| Tubular heating surface: | 216.14 m² | 185.78 m² |
| Superheater area : | 55.39 m² | 65.37 m² |
| Evaporation heating surface: | 230.89 m² | 200.43 m² |
| Water supply: | 11 m³ | 12.3 m³ |
| Fuel supply: | 4 t coal, 4.5 t (conversion) | 5 tons of coal |
| Brake: | Westinghouse compressed air double brake | |
| Additional brake: | Riggenbach counter pressure brake | |
| Annotation: | 1 tech. Data after conversion 1925/1926 (series 2) | |
The Gt 2 x 4/4 of the Royal Bavarian State Railways (K.Bay.Sts.B.), then the series 96 of the DR , was a heavy freight train - Tenderlokomotive the type Mallet .
description
The mallet locomotive "Gt 2 × 4/4" was equipped with two four-way coupled bogies working in a network . The front undercarriage of the composite steam locomotive , which was suspended around a 15 cm thick coupling pin , was equipped with low-pressure cylinders , while the rear undercarriage , which was rigidly mounted in the locomotive frame , was equipped with the smaller high-pressure cylinders. The designer of this heavy locomotive was the then chief designer and director at JA von Maffei , Anton Hammel (1857–1925), who also developed the famous S 3/6 . Between 1913 and 1914 the first series of 15 vehicles was procured and put into service. The locomotives attracted a lot of attention at the time and could be seen at the railroad shows that were often held at that time (traffic show in Munich 1922) - often with blue or yellow ocher photo paint and a crown chimney similar to the S 3/6 . No. 5766 (96 016) was even the first locomotive of the second series to be literally spruced up with brass bands on the crown chimney and boiler and brass decorations on the front cylinders and did not miss its effect. Something similar was carried out with the same locomotive after the second series was converted in 1926. Otherwise the first series had a narrow chimney with an attachment similar to the 38 series . The painting of the locomotives of the K.Bay.Sts.B. was green, yellow, with a black chassis.
Because of the appearance of the Prussian T 20 (BR 95) with 1'E1 'axle arrangement in 1922 and better values than those of the initial series, a second series (no. 5767-5775) was built and used in 1922 (no. 5766) and 1923. Compared to the first series, it was improved by a larger evaporation heating surface , 0.5 t more coal reserve , greater axle load and service weight and the short chimney (chimney without attachment). Both series were later modified to various degrees after they were taken over by the Deutsche Reichsbahn-Gesellschaft and classified as the 96 series in their series numbering plan.
All locomotives were with a Westinghouse air operated double brake on all wheel sets , fitted from the front direction, the sand tubes served initially the second and fourth set of wheels of the front drive. After the modification of the second series in 1926 was this addition with a Riggenbach - counter-pressure brake fitted, and sanded seven axes to increase the static friction. The locomotives initially ran with triple headlights and after 1926 with double headlights.
modification
In 1925/1926 all machines were rebuilt and strengthened, whereby those of the first series were changed to a lesser extent (e.g. chimney extension, coal supply from 4 to 4.5 t, boiler data, driving behavior) than those of the second series. The following table contains the main change features of the second series:
- High pressure cylinder expanded from 520 mm to 600 mm in diameter
- Blowpipe set lower and diameter enlarged
- Chimney enlarged and slightly shortened in diameter
- Reduction of the heating / increase of the number of smoke tubes
- Reduction of the total pipe heating surface
- Enlargement of the superheater heating surface
- Installation of a surface preheater in front of the chimney
- Installation of a second air pump next to the first
- Installation of a Riggenbach counter pressure brake
- Enlarged storage tanks for coal from 4.5 t to 5 t
- modified boiler structures (sandpit, steam dome)
- Modifications to improve driving behavior (" skidding " the front LP drive set)
- Sand pipes for seven instead of two wheel sets
- Increase in the locomotive friction load / locomotive service load from 123.2 to 131.1 Mp
- Increase in the mean coupling axle load from 15.4 Mp to 16.4 Mp
operation area
The locomotives were specially designed for the steep ramps in the area of the K.Bay.Sts.B. has been developed. These included the Spessart ramp , the Franconian Forest Railway , the inclined plane and the Eger – Asch railway line (now Cheb – Aš). With this size, the mallet construction provided good traction and easy cornering of the narrow mountain road bends. The first test drives took place in November 1913 in the Munich administrative district , and then in 1914 on the Lichtenfels - Rothenkirchen route . It was necessary to cope with the steep ramps in a significantly shorter time in order to work profitably. In addition, it performed well as a pushing locomotive and also as a train locomotive in freight and passenger transport for up to 30 years and more and reduced travel times by around 40%. The Mallet locomotive was able to drive up a gradient of 25 ‰ at 25 km / h and 465 t, max. 40 km / h for lighter trains.
In 1930, locomotive No. 96 019 was seen alongside other high-performance steam locomotives such as the " H02 1001 " and a coal-dust-fired class 58 at the World Economic Conference in Berlin-Tempelhof as Germany's and Europe's heaviest mallet tank locomotive. Several locomotives were in the Bws Aschaffenburg , New Market Wirsberg (1935-1944) and Pressig-Rothenkirchen home. Further stations were made in Munich , Bruges / Westf. (96 001, 003 and 005, from 1929–1936. All three machines were decommissioned at the end of their service life in Bruges), Hof (briefly) and in Eger .
Stationed on May 15, 1935
|
|
|
|
Retirement
Six machines were taken out of service by 1945, 96 015 were lost in World War II . After 1945 the following 18 machines were available: 96 002, 004, 006, 008–012, 016–025. The machines in the western zones were stationed in Munich and Nuremberg and were retired in 1948 as a splinter class with fewer than 20 copies. The machines 96 002 and 96 024 remained with the Deutsche Reichsbahn in the GDR after the end of the war and were in the inventory of the Raw Stendal until 1954 .
No copy has survived. Two highly detailed models of the prototypes from the second series, 96 016 and 96 025, in a scale of 1:10 (1.82 m length) can be viewed in the Deutsches Museum in Munich and in the Transport Museum in Nuremberg . They were made in the 1930s by apprentices at Rawal Ingolstadt .
Remarks
- ^ Gt: freight train tank locomotive ; 4/4: four out of four axles are driven
literature
- Steffen Lüdeke The class 96 - a giant among steam locomotives. Kohlhammer Verlag Edition Eisenbahn, Stuttgart 1983, ISBN 3-17-007933-6 .
- Steffen Lüdeke The 96 series - mallet giant for the pushing service. EK-Verlag, Freiburg 1991, ISBN 3-88255-831-8 .
- Manfred Weisbrod, Dieter Baezold, Horst J. Obermayer: The great type book of German locomotives. Transpress Verlag, Berlin 1995, p. 180, ISBN 3-344-70751-5 .
- Gerhard Dambacher Classes 95/96 - The Steep Line Locomotives. Weltbild collector's editions, Augsburg 2004, ISBN not specified.
Web links
- Photo of the BR 96 024, Archive of the Joachim Schmidt Railway Foundation
- Photo of the BR 96 017 in push mode, Archive of the Joachim Schmidt Railway Foundation
Individual evidence
- ^ Konrad Koschinski: Mallet giants for the ramps . In: Frankenwaldbahn . Railway Journal special, No. 1 , 2018, p. 38 ff .
- ↑ Andreas Knipping: Giant for Franconia's ramps . In: LokMagazin . No. 1/2017 , 2017, p. 53 .
- ^ Bw-Bruegge. Retrieved November 24, 2018 .