Bebenhausen

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Bebenhausen
University city of Tübingen
The coat of arms awarded to the then municipality of Bebenhausen in 1948
Coordinates: 48 ° 33 '38 "  N , 9 ° 3' 37"  E
Height : 352 m
Area : 13.37 km²
Residents : 341  (Dec. 30, 2016)
Population density : 26 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : 1st November 1974
Postal code : 72074
Area code : 07071
map
Location of Bebenhausen in Tübingen
Bebenhausen from the air (2018)
Bebenhausen from the air (2018)
Bebenhausen from the north
Bebenhausen monastery church
In the monastery of Bebenhausen
Bebenhausen Monastery on October 3, 1854 - watercolor by General Eduard von Kallee
Bebenhausen hunting lodge around 1900
Schoolhouse in Bebenhausen

Bebenhausen is the smallest in terms of population and the largest in terms of area in the university town of Tübingen . The entire townscape is under ensemble protection . The local Cistercian monastery characterizes the place and is one of the most beautiful and best preserved medieval monastery complexes in Germany. In the 19th century and after the Second World War, the place and the former monastery for Württemberg-Hohenzollern gained political importance.

location

Bebenhausen is located three kilometers north of the city center of Tübingen on the L1208 state road on the edge of a wide basin at the confluence of the Goldersbach and Seebach rivers . Bebenhausen is the only place within the Schönbuch Nature Park . South of Bebenhausen, the Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen opened a geological educational trail on the Kirnberg in 1977 , on which the Keup layers are explained on several display boards and provide a good geological overview of the surrounding landscape.

The place has been a district of Tübingen since 1974 with around 350 inhabitants .

The monastery can be reached by public transport using the bus routes 754 Tübingen Hauptbahnhof - Bebenhausen, Waldhorn - Dettenhausen - Weil im Schönbuch - Holzgerlingen - Böblingen , the 826 Tübingen Hauptbahnhof - Bebenhausen, Waldhorn - Dettenhausen - Waldenbuch - Steinenbronn - Leinfelden and 828 Tübingen Hauptbahnhof - Bebenhausen , Waldhorn - Dettenhausen - Waldenbuch - Steinenbronn - Echterdingen - Stuttgart Airport . The buses run every hour.

History of the place

On November 1, 1974, Bebenhausen was incorporated into the district town of Tübingen.

History of the monastery

The Bebenhausen monastery was founded around 1183 by Count Palatine Rudolf von Tübingen as a family burial site, presumably an older castle, and settled with Premonstratensian canons. However, the Premonstratensians soon left the place.

Around 1189/90, Cistercians from the Schönau monastery were brought in to continue the founding of the monastery. They settled in the buildings begun by the Premonstratensians and quickly expanded the monastery. The strict rules of the order were violated, however, since the place was not in the necessary seclusion and Count Palatine Rudolf wanted to be buried in its foundation. Here, however, the monks from Schönau, who was the burial place of the Heidelberg Count Palatine , already had relevant experience.

At the end of the 13th century the convent already comprised over 60 monks, plus 130 conversations. Its economic power increased through numerous donations, so that in 1301 the city and castle of Tübingen could be bought and held for a short time. In the course of the 14th century the bailiwick came over the monastery to the empire, but with the sale of the rule of Tübingen by the Tübingen Count Palatine in 1342, sovereign rights over the monastery of Tübingen were transferred to Württemberg , which expanded these rights step by step and the old ones Imperial freedom finally abolished. Since 1498 the abbot had a seat in the Württemberg state parliament.

After the Reformation was introduced in 1535 by Duke Ulrich von Württemberg , the convent was expelled, but was able to return for a short time after the peace of the Augsburg religion. In 1556 Duke Christoph von Württemberg set up a Protestant monastery school in the monastery under the direction of a Protestant abbot. The Catholic convent finally left the monastery in 1560. The school moved to Tübingen in 1753. The monastery remained as an independent economic area until 1807, when the school and monastery administration were dissolved. The farm buildings were taken over by the Tübingen Forestry Office, and the convent buildings served as a royal hunting lodge. After his abdication as King Duke Wilhelm von Württemberg and his wife lived here.

From 1946 until the founding of the state of Baden-Württemberg in 1952, the state parliament of the state of Württemberg-Hohenzollern met in the Bebenhausen monastery .

History of the castle

King Friedrich dissolved the monastery school in 1806 and used Bebenhausen for royal court hunts. To do this, he had the former abbot house of the monastery converted into a hunting lodge. Under his successor Wilhelm I , Bebenhausen fell into disrepair, only the third Württemberg king, Karl used Bebenhausen again as a hunting lodge by having the former guest house of the monastery refurbished. His successor, Wilhelm II. Carried out further modifications and often stayed in Bebenhausen during the hunting season.

King Wilhelm II of Württemberg resigned his throne in Bebenhausen in 1918 and lived there until his death in 1921. His wife, Duchess Charlotte , also stayed in Bebenhausen until her death in 1946.

After renovation and restoration by the Reutlingen State Building Authority, the restored former royal representation and living quarters were reopened as a museum in 1986.

Personalities

Long-distance hiking trail

In addition, the Black Forest-Swabian Alb-Allgäu-Weg , also known as main hiking trail 5 , leads through Bebenhausen, a long-distance hiking trail of the Swabian Alb Association between Pforzheim and the West Allgäu .

Others

According to Baedeker, the Bebenhausen monastery settlement is "one of the most beautiful and best preserved of its kind in Germany".

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Johannes Baier: The new geological nature trail in Kirnbachtal (Keuper, Schönbuch). In: Aufschluss 71, 2020, pp. 81–89.
  2. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 539 .
  3. ↑ Actus oratorius atque valedictorius, 114 sheets, 20.5x17cm, Bebenhausen, 1753.
  4. ^ Nazi times on TÜpedia.
  5. ^ Baedeker editors: Germany 2000 ; 5th edition, Ostfildern (Karl Baedeker) 2000, p. 783, ISBN 3-89525-976-4 .

literature

Web links

Commons : Bebenhausen  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikisource: Bebenhausen in the Topographia Sueviae (Mathäus Merian)  - sources and full texts
Wikisource: Bebenhausen in the description of the Oberamt Tübingen from 1867  - sources and full texts