Berthold von Zollern
Berthold von Zollern (* 1320 in Nuremberg ? † September 16, 1365 at the Willibaldsburg in Eichstätt ) was Prince-Bishop of Eichstätt.
origin
Berthold von Zollern descended from the Frankish Zollern , who were burgraves of Nuremberg . His parents were Friedrich IV and Margaret of Carinthia . Margarethe's father was Albrecht of Carinthia († 1292). As the second-born son after Johann , he initially embarked on a career in the Teutonic Order and later rose to become Bishop of Eichstätt. He died three years before his brother Friedrich , the bishop of Regensburg .
Landkomtur in the Teutonic Order
In 1333 he joined the Teutonic Order at the age of 13 and was Landkomtur of Franconia (1345–49) and Prussia. He was greatly respected by his friars.
Acting as Bishop of Eichstätt
Although he had not yet received any clerical ordinations, Pope Clement VI appointed him . 1351 to the bishop of Eichstätt. The Pope himself gave him minor orders on May 25, 1351 and the diaconate and priestly ordination the following month . Ordained bishop in Rome, he arrived in Eichstätt in October 1351. There he agreed with the reigning Bishop Albrecht I von Hohenfels on a separation of powers: While Albrecht took care of the secular affairs of the diocese, Berthold performed the actual episcopal tasks until Albrecht finally resigned in 1353. After that, Berthold was enfeoffed with the regalia by King Charles IV on June 24, 1354 .
In October 1354, Berthold held a diocesan synod in Eichstätt, which passed statutes for the clergy. Ten years later, the right of inheritance of the clergy was reorganized at another diocesan synod ; henceforth the clergy were allowed to use a will to regulate the transfer of their personal property, which previously fell into the hands of the church; However, the new regulation included the requirement to take the church and the poor into account.
Berthold enlarged the bishopric's holdings by purchasing Landershofen and Kleinabenberg as a whole, as well as goods in several places. As a builder, he had the pavement repaired in his episcopal city, began building the new Willibaldsburg in the first year of his reign (he moved his residence there in 1355; his successors stayed there until 1725) and had construction defects on the cathedral repaired. The debts accumulated through this construction activity made him accept the job of Chancellor of Emperor Charles IV, who gave him privileges for this, among other things. In 1354, the bishop was granted hunting rights in the Weißenburger Forest , in 1355 he was given king protection for the Eichstätter Schottenkloster and in 1360 the privilege of holding a fair at the Willibaldsfest .
He granted the Tyrolean Count and Duke of Upper Bavaria Meinhard III. Refuge from his uncle, the Bavarian Duke Stephan II. Meinhard III succeeded. then to flee to Tyrol, but he died shortly afterwards in Meran, so that there were no political consequences.
His relationship with the Eichstätter cathedral chapter , from whose ranks the bishop would normally have been elected , remained tense . This caused Berthold to stick even closer to the emperor. So he accompanied him to Avignon in 1365 , where the emperor wanted to place the dioceses of Regensburg and Bamberg under the archbishopric of Prague . On the way back, Berthold fell ill in Speyer and died shortly afterwards in his castle in Eichstätt. Various precious ceremonial objects were his personal legacy to the church and the cathedral sacristy. He was buried in the Zollern grave in Heilsbronn Monastery , where he is depicted as a fully plastic figure.
See also
literature
- Klaus Kreitmeir: The bishops of Eichstätt . Publishing house of the church newspaper. Eichstatt 1992. pp. 54-56
- Karl Friedrich Pauli : General Prussian state history including all associated kingdoms, electorates, duchies, principalities, territories and lordships from proven writers and documents up to the present government . First volume, hall 1760, p. 43.
- Karl Ried: Berthold of Hohenzollern. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 2, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1955, ISBN 3-428-00183-4 , p. 153 ( digitized version ).
- Alfred Wendehorst : The diocese of Eichstätt. Volume 1: The row of bishops until 1535 . Series: Germania Sacra - New Episode 45 . Berlin 2006. ISBN 978-3-11-018971-1 , pp. 167-173 ( digitized version )
Web links
- Tribe list of the Hohenzollern : Hohenzollern family tree at hohenzollern-home.com
- Berthold von Zollern in the personal register of Germania Sacra online
| predecessor | Office | successor |
|---|---|---|
| Albrecht I of Hohenfels |
Bishop of Eichstätt 1351–1365 |
Raban Truchseß from Wilburgstetten |
Friedrich II of Parsberg | Heinrich IV. Count of Württemberg | Engelhard von Dolling | Hildebrand of Carrots | Reinboto von Meilenhart | Konrad II of Pfeffenhausen | John I of Strasbourg | Philipp von Rathsamhausen | Marquard I of Hagel | Gebhard III. Count of Graisbach | Friedrich III. Landgrave of Leuchtenberg | Heinrich V. Schenk von Reicheneck | Albrecht I of Hohenfels | Berthold von Zollern | Raban Truchseß von Wilburgstetten | Friedrich IV. Count of Oettingen | Johann II of Heideck | Albrecht II of Hohenrechberg | Johann III. by Eych | Wilhelm von Reichenau | Gabriel von Eyb | Christoph Marschall von Pappenheim | Moritz von Hutten | Eberhard II of Hirnheim | Martin von Schaumberg | Kaspar von Seckendorff | Johann Konrad von Gemmingen
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Zollern, Berthold von |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Nuremberg, Berthold Burgrave of; Zollern-Nürnberg, Berthold von |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Prince-Bishop in Eichstätt |
| DATE OF BIRTH | 1320 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | uncertain: Nuremberg |
| DATE OF DEATH | September 16, 1365 |
| Place of death | Willibaldsburg in Eichstätt |