Trendelburg Castle

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Trendelburg Castle
Trendelburg Castle, south view

Trendelburg Castle, south view

Creation time : 1303
Castle type : Höhenburg, spur location
Conservation status: Received or received substantial parts
Standing position : Count
Construction: Cuboid, quarry stone, half-timbering
Place: Trendelburg
Geographical location 51 ° 34 '26.5 "  N , 9 ° 25' 24.9"  E Coordinates: 51 ° 34 '26.5 "  N , 9 ° 25' 24.9"  E
Height: 172  m above sea level NHN
Trendelburg Castle (Hesse)
Trendelburg Castle
Rapunzel tower: the keep of Trendelburg in the 19th century
Trendelburg Castle, north elevation

The Burg Trendelburg is a well-preserved fortress in northern Hesse Kassel district above the town of Trendelburg .

Geographical location

Trendelburg Castle is located west of the Reinhardswald in the Hofgeismarer Rötsenke , which extends between Vellmar in the south and Bad Karlshafen in the north. The 172  m above sea level The Spornburg , located at NHN , is located on a sandstone ridge that slopes steeply on three sides towards the Diemel . The terrain slopes only slightly towards the west. There is the medieval center of the town of Trendelburg, which extends to the castle walls, with a Gothic town church and historic town hall. Parts of the city wall have been preserved or reconstructed.

Castle complex

The castle complex of the Trendelburg is a unit of fortress , which is located at the highest point of the mountain, and a fortified settlement. The floor plan of the castle is trapezoidal. It was surrounded by a moat, which has now been filled in, and a wall. The well can no longer be located. According to tradition, a was Born in the moat .

The castle is separated from the houses in the village by a ditch carved out of the rock. There was a connection via a wooden walkway with a drawbridge . So you got through a low gate into the castle courtyard. The powerful, Rapunzel tower-called keep that is m over 40, up to 7 m thick walls and has 130 steps, is integrated into the West wall. It has an escape entrance from the courtyard and a dungeon . Four machicolations were used for defense. Three original loopholes have been preserved in the western wall. The restored and crenellated wall is accessible. Opposite is the main gate, which used to be accessible via a drawbridge. Today's entrance is flanked by two corner towers. A spire is destroyed. The other tower is expanded with a half-timbered tower. The gatekeeper used to live here and the city prison was in the tower. Two more towers strengthen the corner points of the castle wall. In one of them you can see an entrance , the castle toilet, from the outside. The roofs of the main building, called the Festes Haus , and the three corner towers are still covered with sandstone slabs. Three floors have been developed. In the stair tower , which is still visible, there was a spiral staircase. An expansion of the building, which serves as the official and court house, took place after the Thirty Years' War , when Landgrave Karl added additional floors to the palace chapel. The oak staircase was built in to replace the old spiral staircase.

history

The originally Saxon area was conquered by Charlemagne. Since then it has belonged to the diocese of Paderborn and until 1021 to the county of Warburg. A document in the Münster State Archives from the Liber Vitae of the Corvey Monastery mentions Trendelburg, "drendelborch" in the 13th century.

The Counts of Schöneberg ruled the area from Hofgeismar in the south to Deisel in the north until 1306 . Conrad III. von Schöneberg (1249–1311) built Trendelburg Castle on a sandstone rock in an exposed location. Important trade routes crossed the ford over the Diemel here. In 1303 Konrad committed himself to military service to the Archbishop of Mainz. Shortly afterwards he lost his ancestral castle to the diocese of Paderborn in a battle . In the peace signed in 1306, Trendelburg became the joint official and judicial place of the diocese of Paderborn and the Hessian Landgrave Heinrich I. The widow Maria von Schöneberg sold fiefs and hereditary estates to the Hessian Landgrave in 1429. After a long war with Paderborn, Trendelburg finally came into Hessian possession in 1465 under Landgrave Ludwig II and in 1472 was granted city rights by him.

During the Thirty Years' War (1618-1648), Tilly's army repeatedly stormed the Protestant Trendelburg and burned the place down. The plague raged among the inhabitants. After the end of the war, Landgrave Karl expanded the main building and turned the castle into a fortified hunting lodge.

During the Seven Years' War (1756–1763), French troops initially occupied the castle without a fight under Colonel Pereuse. A fierce battle against Duke Ferdinand's army, during which the castle was set on fire with mortars and artillery, led to the defeat of the 300 defenders.

The important offices such as rent office and court were relocated in the 19th century. So the castle lost its previous importance. It served as the seat of the Prussian Forestry Office.

1901 bought the family Adalbert von Stockhausen , whose ancestors in Wülmersen and in the manor to Abgunst associated for centuries with the fortunes Trendelburgs, the castle and set them as a residential castle.

In 1949 the conversion to the castle hotel began. A restaurant area was added between the west wall and the main building and hotel rooms were set up from the first floor to the top floor. A corner tower with a half-timbered tower at the main gate was converted into a wedding tower.

Guest house on the bastion; served as a backdrop in the Heinz Erhardt film Father, Mother and Nine Children (1958)

Fairy tales, sagas and films

Because of the fairy tale Rapunzel by the Brothers Grimm , the German Fairy Tale Route leads through the village of Trendelburg. In Trendelburg's fairy tale and legend tradition, five different Trendula legends are known: "Origin of the cloud bristle ", "Kruko or the magician from Krukenberg ", "Trendula creates mountains", "Death in the murder chamber" and "A prophecy". Other legends enrich the spectrum such as: "The raven", "Peas and Speck", "The Diemelnix", "The laundry fountain", "Giant on the Trendelburg and Sababurg" and "Stockhausen - the wild hunter in the Reinhardswalde".

In the 1958 Heinz Erhardt film Father, Mother and Nine Children, one of the mountain towers with a half-timbered tower served as a backdrop , a painter's studio.

today

Trendelburg Castle houses a hotel with a restaurant and a branch of the Trendelburg registry office. Since 1996 the castle belongs to the private hotels Dr. Lohbeck of Rolf Lohbeck . Mainly repairs to the castle wall and renovations in the main building were carried out. The courtyard is open to the public. The keep has been restored since 2012. It can be climbed again. The dungeon and a torture chamber can be visited in the tower. The tower has been given a protective roof, as can be seen on historical representations.

literature

  • Elmar Brohl : Fortresses in Hessen. Published by the German Society for Fortress Research eV, Wesel, Schnell and Steiner, Regensburg 2013 (=  German Fortresses  2), ISBN 978-3-7954-2534-0 , pp. 189–194.
  • Eberhard Michael Iba: The German Fairy Tale Route. A fabulous journey from the Main to the sea , CW Niemeyer Buchverlage, Hameln 2011. ISBN 978-3-8271-9136-6
  • Eberhard Michael Iba: Legends and stories from North Hesse , 7th edition, Verlag CW Niemeyer Buchverlage , Hameln 1998. ISBN 978-3-8271-9134-2
  • Rudolf Knappe: Medieval castles in Hessen. 800 castles, castle ruins and fortifications. 3. Edition. Wartberg-Verlag, Gudensberg-peer 2000 ISBN 3-86134-228-6 f, p. 20
  • Rolf Müller (Ed.): Palaces, castles, old walls. Published by the Hessendienst der Staatskanzlei, Wiesbaden 1990, ISBN 3-89214-017-0 , p. 342 f.
  • Gerd Strickhausen and Nina Strickhausen-Bode: Trendelburg Castle - an innovative fortress of the 15th century . In: State Office for the Preservation of Monuments in Hesse : Preservation of Monuments and Cultural History 2/2015, pp. 28–36.

Web links

Commons : Burg Trendelburg  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ The Rapunzel Tower, accessed on December 12, 2015, from burg-hotel-trendelburg.com