Commonwealth Games
The Commonwealth Games are an international sporting event, during which the best athletes from the countries of the Commonwealth of Nations meet every four years to compete in various sports. They are described as the third largest multisport event in the world after the Olympic Games and the Asian Games . These are 54 states.
history
The Englishman John Astley Cooper suggested in a newspaper article in 1891 that a festival combined with sport, military and literature be held between the members of the British Empire; less as competition, but more to strengthen friendship and solidarity between the members of the Empire. The proposal met with great interest and in 1911 the first Festival of Empire was held in London. Sport was just one item on the program. The sports program consisted of athletics , boxing , wrestling and swimming . Canada won the silver trophy donated by Lord Lonsdale.
It was not until 1928, under the impression of the Olympic Games in Amsterdam, that the idea was taken up by the Canadian MM Robinson and in 1930 it was held as a pure sporting event in Hamilton (Canada) as the British Empire Games . The success and the lively participation prompted the “Council of Representatives of Great Britain and the Dominions and Colonies” to hold similar events every four years between the Olympic Games. The name was changed to British Empire and Commonwealth Games in 1952 and to British Commonwealth Games in 1966 . The name Commonwealth Games has been in use since 1978.
In addition to most of the Olympic disciplines, the sports program also includes some sports that are only common in the Commonwealth of Nations. In 1998, the sports were athletics , badminton , bowls , boxing , cycling , gymnastics , shooting , swimming , weightlifting and wrestling the sports squash , water polo , cricket , hockey , netball and 7-Rugby accepted into the program.
On September 2nd, 2015, at a meeting of the organizers in New Zealand, the Commonwealth Games 2022 were awarded to the city of Durban in South Africa . In March 2017 it was announced that Durban could not meet the requirements of the Commonwealth Games Federation (CGF). The opening was planned for July 18, 2022, Nelson Mandela's birthday . It would have been the first Commonwealth Games in Africa.
Events
year | city | Country (number of hosts) |
date | sports | Athletes | Nations | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Inter-Empire Championships | |||||||
1911 | London | United Kingdom (1.) | May 12th to June 1st | 4th | ? | 4th | |
British Empire Games | |||||||
I. | 1930 | Hamilton | Canada (1.) | August 16-23 | 6th | about 400 | 11 |
II | 1934 | London | England (1.) | 4th to 11th August | 6th | about 500 | 16 |
III | 1938 | Sydney | Australia (1.) | February 5th to 12th | 7th | 464 | 15th |
1942 | Montreal | Canada | not carried out | ||||
1946 | Cardiff | Wales | not carried out | ||||
IV | 1950 | Auckland | New Zealand (1.) | February 4th to 11th | 9 | 560 | 12 |
British Empire and Commonwealth Games | |||||||
V | 1954 | Vancouver | Canada (2.) | July 30th to August 7th | 9 | 662 | 24 |
VI | 1958 | Cardiff | Wales (1.) | July 18-26 | 9 | 1130 | 35 |
VII | 1962 | Perth | Australia (2.) | November 22nd to December 1st | 9 | 863 | 35 |
VIII | 1966 | Kingston | Jamaica (1.) | 4th to 13th August | 9 | 1050 | 34 |
British Commonwealth Games | |||||||
IX | 1970 | Edinburgh | Scotland (1.) | July 16-25 | 9 | 1382 | 42 |
X | 1974 | Christchurch | New Zealand (2.) | January 24th to February 2nd | 9 | 1348 | 38 |
Commonwealth Games | |||||||
XI | 1978 | Edmonton | Canada (3.) | 3rd to 12th August | 10 | 1979 | 46 |
XII | 1982 | Brisbane | Australia (3.) | September 30th to October 9th | 10 | 2154 | 46 |
XIII | 1986 | Edinburgh | Scotland (2.) | July 24th to August 2nd | 10 | 2123 | 27 |
XIV | 1990 | Auckland | New Zealand (3rd) | January 24th to February 3rd | 10 | 2862 | 54 |
XV | 1994 | Victoria | Canada (4.) | August 18th to 28th | 10 | 3338 | 63 |
XVI | 1998 | Kuala Lumpur | Malaysia (1.) | September 10th to 20th | 15th | 3638 | 70 |
XVII | 2002 | Manchester | England (2.) | July 25th to August 4th | 17th | 3863 | 72 |
XVIII | 2006 | Melbourne | Australia (4.) | March 15-26 | 16 | 4500 | 71 |
XIX | 2010 | Delhi | India (1.) | October 3-14 | 17th | 7000 | 71 |
XX | 2014 | Glasgow | Scotland (3.) | July 23rd to August 3rd | 17th | 6500 | 70 |
XXI | 2018 | Gold coast | Australia (5.) | April 4th to 15th | 18th | 4426 | 71 |
XXII | 2022 | Birmingham | England (3.) | July 28th to August 8th |
* After the withdrawal from Edmonton ( Canada ) and the disqualification - after allocation - from Durban ( South Africa ), initially (as of March 2017) no host has been determined. Liverpool and Birmingham were traded as substitute hosts. By November 1, 2017, Kuala Lumpur and Victoria had applied in addition to Birmingham . In December 2017, Birmingham was awarded the contract.
Sports at the Commonwealth Games
- Badminton at the Commonwealth Games
- Basketball at the Commonwealth Games
- Boxing at the Commonwealth Games
- Fencing at the Commonwealth Games
- Hockey at the Commonwealth Games
- Squash at the Commonwealth Games
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Commonwealth Games Glasgow 2014 ( Memento from March 15, 2015 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Arnd Krüger (1986): Was John Astley Cooper the inventor of the modern Olympic Games? In: LOUIS BURGENER u. a. (Ed.): Sport und Kultur, Vol. 6. Bern: Lang, pp. 72–81.
- ^ Katharine Moore (1989): 'The warmth of comradeship': the first British empire games and imperial solidarity, in: The International Journal of the History of Sport 6: 2, pp. 242-251.
- ↑ How Durban blew its Commonwealth Games bid. In: HeraldLIVE. March 13, 2017, accessed April 1, 2017 .
- ↑ Sport1.de: Commonwealth Games 2022 will not take place in Durban. In: sport1.de. March 13, 2017, accessed April 1, 2017 .
- ↑ Durban loses 2022 Commonwealth Games - reports. In: Sport24 , March 13, 2017.
- ↑ Victoria bid for 2022 Commonwealth Games over after Province refuse to back it. In: Inside The Games. August 24, 2017, accessed September 1, 2017 .
- ↑ Birmingham remain in pole position for 2022 Commonwealth Games as potential rivals struggle for political support. Inside the Games, November 1, 2017.
- ↑ Birmingham officially named as 2022 Commonwealth Games host city. The Guardian, December 21, 2017.