Danish National Socialist Workers' Party

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
DNSAP party symbol

The Danish National Socialist Workers' Party ( Danish : Danmarks Nationalsocialistiske Arbejderparti , DNSAP) was a Danish National Socialist party before and during World War II .

history

Against the background of the success of the NSDAP in the German Reichstag election in 1930 , the DNSAP was founded on November 16, 1930. In the 30s she found mainly followers from agriculture affected by the global economic crisis . It had little response from the anti-German population that had been anti-German since the defeat by Prussia in 1864 .

DNSAP district office in Copenhagen around 1940

The party referred openly to the NSDAP and took over from it the swastika , the Hitler salute , the designation SA for the party's own paramilitary association and even the Horst Wessel song in a version translated into Danish. The DNSAP clearly pursued anti-Semitic goals. It was initially led by Cay Lembcke , under whom the number of members was limited to a few hundred supporters. Even in the Danish parliamentary elections in 1932, he could not achieve any success. Finally, Lembcke was replaced in 1933 by the doctor Frits Clausen , who concentrated party activities on his home region in Northern Schleswig , where the DNSAP also received most of the support. In the 1939 elections, the party won three seats in the Folketing with 31,000 votes , which corresponds to 1.8% of the votes cast. At that time it had about 5,000 members.

The German invasion on April 9, 1940 and the subsequent occupation of Denmark were supported by the DNSAP. At the end of 1940 the German Reich Plenipotentiary in Denmark, Cécil von Renthe-Fink , considered the establishment of a new National Socialist government, but due to the previous cooperation with the Danish government, this should be postponed until after the end of the war, even if the DNSAP was already taking place received some financial and political support from Germany. Unlike Quisling in Norway and Mussert in the Netherlands, Clausen never took part in power. In the further course the DNSAP played a decisive role in the formation of Danish SS units . However, when the DNSAP only achieved 43,000 votes in the 1943 Reichstag election, Frits Clausen was retired and sent to the Eastern Front .

After the liberation by the Allies in May 1945, the party was officially dissolved, and National Socialist ideas almost completely disappeared from Danish society. However, some individuals continued their work under the old party name. Today's Danish National Socialist Movement (Danish: Danmarks Nationalsocialistiske Bevægelse ) has its origins in the DNSAP.

See also

literature

  • Marlene Djursaa: Who were the Danish Nazis? A Methodological Report on an Ongoing Project. In: Reinhard Mann (ed.). The Nazis. Analysis of Fascist Movements. Klett-Cotta, Stuttgart 1980, ISBN 3129110909 ( Historical-Social Science Research . 9), pp. 137–154. urn : nbn: de: 0168-ssoar-328431 .
  • Hans Kirchhoff: The Danish State Collaboration . In: Werner Röhr (ed.): Occupation and collaboration (1938–1945). Contributions to the concepts and practice of collaboration in the German occupation policy (= Europe under the swastika . Erg. Vol. 1. Hüthig, Berlin 1994, pp. 101–118.)
  • Steffen Werther: Danish volunteers in the Waffen SS . 1st edition. wvb, Berlin 2004, ISBN 3-86573-036-1 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Hans Kirchhoff: The Danish State Collaboration . In: Werner Röhr (ed.): Occupation and collaboration (1938–1945). Contributions to the concepts and practice of collaboration in German occupation policy (= Europe under the swastika . Erg. Vol. 1. Hüthig, Berlin 1994, pp. 104f.)