53 stations of the Tōkaidō

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
53 stations of Tōkaidō (Utagawa Hiroshige)
53 stations of the Tōkaidō
Utagawa Hiroshige , around 1835

The 53 stations of Tōkaidō ( Japanese 東海 道 五十 三次 , Tōkaidō gojūsan tsugi ) is the title of many series of Japanese woodblock prints . The content of the series had the 53 rest stops on the highway from Edo (now Tokyo ) to Kyoto . Including the starting point Nihonbashi and the end point Sanjō Ōhashi, they mostly comprised 55 prints.

Overview

The first depictions of individual stations of the Tōkaidō can be found on scroll paintings from the 16th century. The first woodcut illustrations can be found in a travel guide from the middle of the 17th century. A complete sequence of images of the stations appeared for the first time in 1797 in a six-volume work Tōkaidō meisho zue ( 東海 道 名 所 図 絵 , dt. "Images of sights of the Tōkaidō"). More than 25 artists were involved in this work, it was printed in Kamigata ( Osaka ) and showed the stations in the order from Kyoto to Edo.

In 1798, Chōki created Gojūsan-Tsugi prints, which were used as game boards for the Sugoroku game. Shortly thereafter, Toyohiro published a series called Tōkaidō meisho , in which genre scenes dominate the representation of the stations for the first time. In 1801 Hokusai published the first of his various Tōkaidō series. In 1804 Kitagawa Utamaro used the "53 stations" as cartouche pictures in a series with depictions of beautiful women ( bijinga ). Katsushika Hokusai created seven smaller series on the subject between 1804 and 1825. All series put life and goings on at the individual stations in the foreground. Even before Hiroshige, the two Hokusai students designed the Hokuju and Hokkei Tōkaidō series.

Around 1832 Hiroshige began publishing his first Tōkaidō series, " The 53 Stations of Tōkaidō," known as Hoeidō Tōkaidō . Most of the prints in the series are inspired by illustrations of well-known travel guides such as the above-mentioned "Tōkaidō meisho zue" compiled by Akisato Ritō in 1797 and repeatedly reissued in the following years. The liveliness and authenticity of the depicted scenes made the series a mega hit by today's standards (up to 20,000 impressions were made for each station).

Even before Hiroshige had completely finished his series, Utagawa Kunisada designed a series in chuban format, which depicted beautiful women in the foreground and where he designed the background for four fifths of the prints according to the designs of his friend Hiroshige. Hiroshige created another 25 Tōkaidō series in his life, Kunisada also just under 20. One of these series was designed by both of them together and in another series, Utagawa Kuniyoshi (1798–1861) was the third artist to contribute designs. Kuniyoshi's first own Tōkaidō series was created in 1835 and he also designed other series in the following years. Series with Tōkaidō motifs are also known from Keisai Eisen , Yoshiharu and Yoshiiku .

In 1863, Tōkaidō meisho no uchi appeared, one of the most extensive series ever published in Japan during the Edo period . On a total of 162 sheets, designed by 16 artists and published by 24 publishers, it describes the first and only trip that a shogun has ever undertaken to the imperial palace in Kyoto and which also symbolizes the end of the Edo period .

1964 Appeared in book form under the title Tokaidō Munakata Hanga by Shikō Munakata, probably one of the last woodcut series on this subject.

The 53 stations

Start: Nihombashi (日本 橋) → Tokyo

  1. Station: Shinagawa ( 品 川 ) → Tokyo
  2. Station: Kawasaki ( 川 崎 )
  3. Station: Kanagawa ( 神奈川 ) → Yokohama
  4. Station: Hodogaya ( 程 ヶ 谷, 保 土 ヶ 谷 ) → Yokohama
  5. Station: Totsuka ( 戸 塚 ) → Yokohama
  6. Station: Fujisawa ( 藤 沢 )
  7. Station: Hiratsuka ( 平 塚 )
  8. Station: Ōiso ( 大 磯 )
  9. Station: Odawara ( 小田原 )
  10. Station: Hakone ( 箱根 )
  11. Station: Mishima ( 三島 )
  12. Station: Numazu ( 沼 津 )
  13. Station: Hara ( ) → Numazu
  14. Station: Yoshiwara ( 吉 原 ) → Fuji (Shizuoka)
  15. Station: Kambara ( 蒲 原 ) → Shizuoka
  16. Station: Yui ( 由 井, 由 比 ) → Shizuoka
  17. Station: Okitsu ( 興 津 ) → Shizuoka
  18. Station: Ejiri ( 江 尻Shizuoka )
  19. Station: Fuchū ( 府中, 駿 府 ) → Shizuoka
  20. Station: Mariko ( 鞠 子, 丸子 ) → Shizuoka
  21. Station: Okabe ( 岡 部 ) → Fujieda
  22. Station: Fujieda ( 藤枝 )
  23. Station: Shimada ( 島 田 )
  24. Station: Kanaya ( 金屋, 金谷 ) → Shimada
  25. Station: Nissaka ( 日 坂 ) → Kakegawa
  26. Station: Kakegawa ( 掛 川 )
  27. Station: Fukuroi ( 袋 井 )
  28. Station: Mitsuke ( 見附 ) → Iwata
  29. Station: Hamamatsu ( 浜 松 )
  30. Station: Maisaka ( 舞 阪 ) → Hamamatsu
  31. Station: Arai ( 荒 井, 新居 ) → Kosai
  32. Station: Shirasuka ( 白 須 賀 ) → Kosai
  33. Station: Futagawa ( 二 川 ) → Toyohashi
  34. Station: Yoshida ( 吉田 ) → Toyohashi
  35. Station: Goyu ( 御 油 ) → Toyokawa
  36. Station: Akasaka ( 赤 坂 ) → Toyokawa
  37. Station: Fujikawa ( 藤 川 ) → Okazaki
  38. Station: Okazaki ( 岡 崎 )
  39. Station: Chiryū ( 地 鯉 鮒, 知 立 )
  40. Station: Narumi ( 鳴 海 ) → Nagoya
  41. Station: Miya ( ) → Nagoya
  42. Station: Kuwana ( 桑 名 )
  43. Station: Yokkaichi ( 四日 市 )
  44. Station: Ishiyakushi ( 石 薬 師 ) → Suzuka
  45. Station: Shōno ( 庄 野 ) → Suzuka
  46. Station: Kameyama ( 亀 山 )
  47. Seki station ( ) → Kameyama
  48. Station: Sakanoshita ( 坂 ノ 下 ) → Kameyama
  49. Station: Tsuchiyama ( 土 山 ) → Kōka
  50. Station: Minakuchi ( 水口 ) → Kōka
  51. Station: Ishibe ( 石 部 ) → Konan
  52. Station: Kusatsu ( 草津 )
  53. Station: Ōtsu ( 大 津 )

Destination: Sanjō Ōhashi ( 三条 大橋 ) → Kyōshi ( 京 市 )

Remarks

  1. Hanga in Munakata style 板 画 = “board pressure” written.

literature

Web links

Commons : 53 stations of the Tōkaidō  - collection of images, videos and audio files