Dietrich Schnepf

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Dietrich Schnepf, detail of the epitaph in the collegiate church of Tübingen

Dietrich or Theodor Schnepf , also Snepffius u. Ä. (born November 1, 1525 in Wimpfen , † November 9, 1586 in Tübingen ) was a German Lutheran theologian and critic of the witch hunt .

Life

Dietrich Schnepf was a son of the theologian Erhard Schnepf (1495–1558) and his wife Margaretha Wurzelmann (around 1503–1569). His godfather and first name giver was Dietrich von Gemmingen († 1526), ​​who, as lord of Guttenberg Castle , was inclined to the Reformation early on and had brought Schnepf's father to live with him in 1522.

Schnepf attended the Latin schools in Marburg and Stuttgart and matriculated at the University of Tübingen in 1539 . In 1541 he became a Baccalaureus and in February 1544 together with Jakob Dachtler the Elder. J. (1525–1598), Georg Liebler (1524–1600) and David Chyträus (1530–1600) obtained their Masters degrees. Then he was Ephorus and teacher of Greek on the princely scholarship in Tübingen. In 1550 he learned together with Jacob Heerbrand (1521–1600), Jakob Andreae (1528–1590) and Jakob Dachtler privately in Hebrew with Erasmus Oswald Schreckenfuchs (1511–1579).

In 1553 Schnepf became a pastor in Derendingen . In 1554 he received his doctorate in theology in Tübingen with his disputation on the doctrine of original sin . From 1555 Schnepf was special superintendent ( prelate ) and city pastor in Nürtingen . In 1557 he succeeded Martin Frecht (1494–1556) professor of theology in Tübingen. In the same year he took part in the Worms Religious Discussion and in 1561 in the Colloquium in Erfurt.

Dietrich (Theodoricus) Schnepf. Posthumous portrait from Erhard Cellius: Imagines Professorum Tubingesium , 1596 Tübingen Professorengalerie

In 1561/62 Schnepf became superintendent and pastor at the collegiate church in Tübingen in addition to his university office . Schnepf was rector of the university six times (1561/62, 1565/66, 1569/70, 1574/75, 1581, 1583/84, 1584 prorector of an aristocratic rector). In April 1564 he was involved in the Maulbronn Religious Discussion. In May of the same year he was called to Marburg to do three doctoral degrees - Johannes Lonicer († 1569), Heinrich Viëtor († 1576) and Wigand Orth (1537–1566) - since it was at Marburg University after the death of Andreas Hyperius was no longer a holder of theological doctorate.

In 1568 Schnepf gave the funeral oration for Duke Eberhard (1545–1568), 1569 for Duke Christoph von Württemberg (1515–1568) and 1583 for Dorothea Ursula von Baden-Durlach (1559–1583), the wife of Duke Ludwig of Württemberg (1554–1593 ).

In 1569 Schnepf was founded together with the professor of law Dr. Kilian Vogler (1516–1585) was sent as an envoy from the university to confirm its privileges as the new Duke Ludwig the Pious (1554–1593, ruled 1568).

Around 1570 Schnepf turned in sermons in Tübingen against the belief in witches of his time. Sections from these sermons were read out by his pupil Wilhelm Friedrich Lutz (1541–1597) in Nördlingen in 1589/90 to support his own criticism of the persecution of witches.

During the plague epidemic of 1571/72, when around 950 people died in Tübingen and the university was relocated to Esslingen, Schnepf stayed in Tübingen to take care of his community.

In his academic work, Dietrich Schnepf prepared dispute theses for numerous theology students, for example in 1562 for Nikolaus Wieland the Elder. Ä. named Volmer (1539–1617), 1568 for Jacob Varnbuler (1543–1606), 1569 for Israel Wieland (1542–1631) and Friedrich Schebel, 1571 for Johann Baptist Hebenstreit († 1638), Nikolaus Schweicker († 1607) and Johannes Liebler (around 1548–1607), 1574 for Aegidius Hunnius the Elder. Ä. (1550–1603), 1576 for Polykarp Leyser the Elder. Ä. (1552–1610), 1577 for Johannes Vesembeck (1548–1612), 1579 for Martin Bach, 1580 for Jakob Rulich the Elder. J. (1559–1612), Wilhelm Eckstein and Jakob Hettler, 1581 for Georg Wild († 1635), 1582 for Kaspar Lutz (1555–1609), Joseph Koellin († around 1602) and Johann Scholtz (Scultetus) d. J., 1583 for Johannes (Hans) Soldan († 1632), 1584 for Andreas Pouchenius the Elder. J. (1553–1613), 1585 for Paul Weiß (1543–1612) or 1586 for Martin Curbin († 1594), Christoph Firx (Firks) († 1649) and his son Johann Dietrich Schnepf (1564–1617).

Jakob Andreae gave the funeral sermon to Dietrich Schnepf . The three-hour academic funeral oration (“Oratio funebris”) by Professor of Poetry and History Erhard Cellius (1546–1606) has also been preserved. The epitaph for Schnepf and his wife Barbara is in the Tübingen collegiate church.

The Tübingen theologian and historian Carl Friedrich Haug is one of his well-known descendants from the 19th century .

family

Epitaph of the Schnepf family, Tübingen collegiate church

Dietrich Schnepf was married to Barbara Brenz (1532–1572), a daughter of the Württemberg reformer Johannes Brenz (1499–1570) and his first wife Margarethe Gräter (1501–1548) since 1552 . In 1573, Schnepf married Juliana (Julia) Engelhardt (1533–1589), a daughter of the Reich Chamber Court attorney Simon Engelhard and widow of court attorney Abraham Spengler.

Dietrich Schnepf's marriage to Barbara Brenz resulted in 15 children

  1. Anna Maria Schnepf (* 1553)
  2. Margarethe Schnepf (* 1554) ⚭ 1574 with Magister Christoph Heerbrand (* around 1549; † 1609), son of Jacob Heerbrand (1521–1600) and Margarete Stammler († 1597), deacon in Nürtingen , 1576 pastor in Weilheim
  3. Sabine Schnepf (1556–1590) ⚭ 1586 with Vitus Etzel, son of Vitus Etzel from Markgröningen , 1588 town clerk of Wildberg and Vogt in Calw
  4. Sophia Schnepf (1557–1618) ⚭ 1580 with Conrad Hiller (1553–1628), son of the Chamber Procurator Martin Hiller (1522–1579) and Maria Feßler, clerical administrator in Herrenberg , the epitaph of the family is in the Herrenberg collegiate church
  5. Katharina Schnepf (* 1559, † before 1563)
  6. Christiana Schnepf (1560–1625) ⚭ with Abraham Hölzel von Sternstein (* around 1580; † 1651)
  7. Blandina Schnepf (* 1562) ⚭ before 1586 with Johann Sigler, secretary of the Count of Hanau
  8. Katharina Schnepf (* 1563, † between 1572 and 1586 (or 1638?))
  9. Johann Dietrich Schnepf (1564–1617), enrolled in Tübingen in 1579, Magister in Tübingen on February 14, 1584, deacon in Urach from 1590 to 1591, chief deacon in Tübingen from 1591 to 1592, pastor in Derendingen from 1592 to 1617 ⚭ 1590 with Kunigunde Graseck (* 1572 , † after 1617), daughter of Florens Graseck the Elder. Ä. (1521–1594), Princely Secretary in Stuttgart ; Epitaph in the St. Galluskirche Derendingen
  10. Erhard Schnepf (1566–1633), February 9, 1586 Magister in Tübingen ⚭ 1600 with Barbara Schmidlapp (1582–1633), daughter of Markus Schmidlapp (1546–1598) and Barbara Haug († 1617), 1599 deacon in Göppingen , 1604 pastor in Liebenzell , 1607 superintendent in Wildbad , 1612–1633 superintendent in Güglingen
  11. Barbara Schnepf (* 1567) and Zwilling
  12. Regina Schnepf (* 1567); one of the twins † before 1572
  13. Paulus Sacharius Schnepf (1569–1634), enrolled in Tübingen in 1583, Magister in Tübingen on February 14, 1588, 1593/94 as "Paulus Schnepff Tubingensis" student of the lawyer Leopold Hackelmann (1558 / 63–1619 / 20) in Jena , involved natural law and civil law disputations ( Pandektenexegese ), then preceptor of a son of Maria Magdalena von Greissen, b. von Eitzing, in Bohemia and preceptor of Prince Julius Friedrich von Württemberg (1588–1635), Württemberg senior councilor, 1607 disputation on the loan agreement ( Mutuum ) chaired by Johann Halbritter (1560–1627) in Tübingen
  14. Susanna Schnepf (1570–1621) ⚭ 1604 with the professor for politics, history and eloquence at the Tübingen Collegium Illustre Dr. Thomas Lansius (1577-1657)
  15. Konstantin Schnepf (* 1572; † 1572)

Eberhard Bidembach (1528–1597) ⚭ with Sophia Brenz (* around 1536–1597), was a brother-in-law of Dietrich Schnepf.

swell

  • Transcripts of Schnepf's sermons in Tübingen from 1563 to 1572 by Martin Crusius (1526–1607) (University Library Tübingen, Mc 101)
  • Lecture notes by Vitus Müller (1561–1626) (Tübingen University Library, Mc 54; Mc 179; Mc 180, Mc 198; cf. Mc 39)
  • Jacob Heerbrand : Concio Iacobi Herbrandi ... habita in funere ... Barbarae Brentiae, ... Ioannis Brentij filiae ... Theodorici Sneppsij ... coniugis . A Martino Crusio in templo excepta. Accesservnt Carmina & Epicedia doctißimorum virorum, in honorem eiusdem matronæ, Tübingen: Georg Gruppenbach 1572
  • Jakob Andreae: Funeral Sermon Bey the funeral of the venerable Hochgelerten ... Dieterich Snepffen of the holy scriptures Doctorn and Professor Pastor and General Superintendent of Tübingen . The 10th day of Nouembris Anno [15] 86 held by Jacobum Andreae ..., Tübingen: Alexander Hock 1587
  • Erhard Cellius: Oratio funebris De Vita, Et Obitv Reverendi, Et Clarissimi Viri Theodorici Scnepffii, Vuimpinensis, Sanctæ Theologiæ Doctoris, & Professoris in Academia Tubingensi celeberrimi, ac Ecclesiæ ibidem Pastoris vigilantissoubris in the 9. Nine86 Domino mortui, habita à M. Erhardo Cellio, Poetices, & Historiarum in eadem Academiâ Professore, Tübingen: Hock 1587

Works (in selection)

literature

  • Melchior Adam : Theodoricvs Snepfivs . In: Vitae Germanorum Theologorum , Frankfurt: Jonas Rosa / Johann Georg Geyder 1620, pp. 578–591
  • Boris Wagner-Peterson:  Schnepf (f) / Snepf (ius), Dietrich / Theodoricus. In: Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL). Volume 19, Bautz, Nordhausen 2001, ISBN 3-88309-089-1 , Sp. 1251-1257.  ( Article / beginning of article in Internet archive )
  • Hermann Jantzen: The memorial plaque for Dietrich Schnepf and Mrs. Barbara, b. Brenz, in the collegiate church in Tübingen. Iconographic study and historical image background , undated undated [1975]
  • Thomas Hilarius Meyer: "Rod" of God and "shit" of the devil. Theological theory of magic and witches at the University of Tübingen in the early modern period, Hamburg 2019, ISBN 978-3-7323-5024-7
  • Adolf Rentschler: On the family history of the reformer Johannes Brenz , Tübingen: Fischer 1921
  • Hedwig Röckelein: The Latin manuscripts of the Tübingen University Library (manuscript catalogs of the Tübingen University Library 1), Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz 1991, p. 26f

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ See Ludwig Melchior Fischlin: Memoria theologorum Wirtenbergensium resuscitata . Georg Wilhelm Kühn, Ulm 1710, p. 89f ( digitized version of the Bavarian State Library in Munich).
  2. ↑ Cf. Heinrich Heppe: The transplantation of the theological doctorate from Tübingen to Marburg i. J. 1564 . In: Zeitschrift für die Historische Theologie 24 (1854), pp. 155–163.
  3. ↑ See Gustav Wulz, Wilhelm Friedrich Lutz (1531–1597) , in: Lebensbilder aus dem Bayerischen Schwaben 5 , ed. von Götz Freiherr von Pölnitz, Munich: Max Hueber 1956, pp. 198–220, p. 212.
  4. ↑ Cf. Martin Crusius: Schwäbische Chronick , ed. by Johann Jacob Moser , Vol. II, Frankfurt am Main: Wohler 1738, p. 326.
  5. ^ Carl Friedrich Haug: Communications from his life and from his estate, printed as a manuscript for relatives and friends . Edited by Karl Riecke . Stuttgart. Printed by IB Metzler'schen Buchdruckerei in 1869.
  6. ^ Count Philipp Ludwig I of Hanau-Munzenberg (1553-1580) studied in Tübingen from 1569 to 1572.
  7. ↑ Cf. Martin Crusius: Schwäbische Chronick , ed. by Johann Jacob Moser , Vol. II, Frankfurt am Main: Wohler 1738, p. 353 and p. 370 ("D. Theod. Son").
  8. ↑ Cf. especially Leopold Hackelmann / Paul Schnepffius: Dispvtatio Ivris Civilis Prima De Principiis Ivris , Hoc Est, De Ivstitia Et Ivre Legibvs Et Consvetvdine , Desumpta Ex Qvatvor Prioribvs Titvlis Pandectarvm, Jena: Tobias Steinmann 1594.
  9. ^ Widow of Johann Jakob von Greissen zu Wald.
  10. ^ Johann Halbritter / Paul Schnepffius: Disputatio de mvtvo , Tübingen: Philipp Gruppenbach 1607.

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Schnepf, Dietrich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Schnepf, Theodor; Snepfius, Theodorus; Schnepfius, Theodoricus; Schnepfen, Dieterich
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German Lutheran theologian and critic of the witch hunt
DATE OF BIRTH November 1, 1525
PLACE OF BIRTH Wimpfen
DATE OF DEATH November 9, 1586
Place of death Tübingen