Dobroszyce
| Dobroszyce | |||
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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | Lower Silesia | ||
| Powiat : | Oleśnica | ||
| Area : | 16.54 km² | ||
| Geographic location : | 51 ° 16 ' N , 17 ° 20' E | ||
| Residents : | 2248 (2006) | ||
| Postal code : | 56-410 | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 71 | ||
| License plate : | DOL | ||
| Economy and Transport | |||
| Street : | Ścinawa - Oleśnica | ||
| Rail route : | Oleśnica – Chojnice | ||
| Next international airport : | Wroclaw | ||
| Gmina | |||
| Gminatype: | Rural community | ||
| Gmina structure: | 14 districts | ||
| Surface: | 131.74 km² | ||
| Residents: | 6723 (June 30, 2019) |
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| Population density : | 51 inhabitants / km² | ||
| Community number ( GUS ): | 0214032 | ||
| Administration (as of 2007) | |||
| Community leader : | Jan Głowa | ||
| Address: | Rynek 16 56-410 Dobroszyce |
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| Website : | www.dobroszyce.pl | ||
Dobroszyce , formerly Juliusburg , is a village in the powiat Oleśnicki in the Polish Lower Silesian Voivodeship . Until 1928 Juliusburg had city rights . Dobroszyce has around 2,000 inhabitants and is the capital of the rural municipality of the same name with around 6,000 inhabitants.
geography
Dobroszyce is located in the south of the municipality, in the north of the Lower Silesian Voivodeship - around 5 km north of the district town of Oleśnica and 25 kilometers northeast of Wroclaw . The commune is connected to Oleśnica and the west of the voivodeship with the 340 ( droga wojewódzka ) road.
The forest of the Juliusburger Forst (especially pines ) occupies a large part of the municipality with 42% and above all the northern part.
history
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The former city of Juliusburg goes back to the village of Dreske (also Treskin or Dresky ), which was first mentioned in a document in 1405. The surname Treske is also derived from there. It belonged to the Duchy of Oels , with which it broke away from the Polish state in 1327 and became part of the Crown of Bohemia , of which the Habsburgs became rulers in 1526 . Dreske was originally the headquarters of the von Czirn family, Silvius Nimrod von Württemberg-Oels bought the place in 1655 from the von Hengel family.
The year 1663 represents a turning point in the local history, when Silvius Nimrod von Württemberg-Oels founded a new town near the old village of Dreske ( town charter from July 10, 1663) and had it laid out according to plan with a square ring . After his death in 1664, the city was named Juliusburg on February 27, 1676 by his son Julius Siegmund . The first depiction of the city coat of arms , which corresponds to today's municipal coat of arms , also dates from the same year . In 1675 both places were united under the name Juliusburg, which strengthened the importance of Juliusburg as a center of weaving and tailoring. From 1675 the castle of Juliusburg was transformed into a baroque palace , in 1693 the construction of a town hall followed and from 1693 to 1697 a stately Protestant church in the baroque style was built in Juliusburg with St. Trinitatis , with the choir from the 16th century in the new building was included.
Juliusburg remained in the hands of the von Württemberg-Oels family until 1792, whose residence was Juliusburg until 1704. The Wuerttembergers were followed by the Dukes of Braunschweig as owners, who were finally replaced in 1884 by the Wettins , who then owned Juliusburg until 1945.
In the 19th century, the local cloth production experienced a decline, which was replaced by the wood industry . Visible signs of the economic decline were the demolition of the town hall in 1826 and the loss of town charter in 1928.
From 1940 to 1942 the prisoner-of-war camp of the Wehrmacht Oflag VIII C existed in Juliusburg . In 1945 the place was captured by the Red Army and became part of Poland according to the results of the 1943 Tehran Conference . Juliusburg was renamed Julianów for a short time , but then got its current name Dobroszyce .
Population development
The population of Dobroszyce by territory (the more recent figures refer to the whole rural municipality):
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¹ Juliusburg, village 708 - Juliusburg, manor district 192 - Juliusburg, city 759 inhabitants
Attractions
- Juliusburg Castle is a two-story rectangular building, the corners of which are flanked by bay windows , with the southeast bay window raised to a tower. The present castle goes back to a renaissance fortification with moat, which was built for Andreas von Hengel from 1589 to 1601. Julius Siegmund von Württemberg-Oels had the existing complex converted into a representative baroque palace in 1675–1676 . The building underwent a major redesign in 1853, including the demolition of the baroque gable, and after 1945 when further decorative elements were removed from the building for use as a school. After the many renovations, the current appearance of the castle is very simple, Renaissance window frames and the baroque portal are still reminiscent of the original appearance of the building.
- The parish church of St. Hedwig (kościół pw Św. Jadwigi) is a neo-Gothic brick building. The church used to be part of the Amalienstift , whose main building, which is also neo-Gothic, now houses a training and education center.
Sons of the city
- Karl von Württemberg-Bernstadt (1682–1745), Duke of Württemberg-Bernstadt
- Karl Heinrich Lange (1703–1753), Lutheran theologian, pedagogue, librarian and hymn poet
- Oskar Gerhard (1826–1895), high school teacher
- Ludwig Scholz (1937–2005), politician of the CSU and Lord Mayor of Nuremberg
- Rudolf Hermstein (* 1940), translator
local community
The rural community Dobroszyce covers an area of 131.74 km² in addition to the main town of the same name, the following 13 districts:
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Web links
- Juliusburg . In: Meyers Konversations-Lexikon . 4th edition. Volume 9, Verlag des Bibliographisches Institut, Leipzig / Vienna 1885–1892, p. 312.
- Website about Dobroszyce (German, English, Polish)
Individual evidence
- ↑ population. Size and Structure by Territorial Division. As of June 30, 2019. Główny Urząd Statystyczny (GUS) (PDF files; 0.99 MiB), accessed December 24, 2019 .
- ↑ a b c See archive link ( Memento of the original from July 4, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Cf. Hugo Saurma, Hrsg .: Wappenbuch der Silesian cities and towns. Berlin 1870
- ↑ Cf. Otto Hupp: The coats of arms and seals of the German cities: Flecken und Doerfer: after official and archival. Swell. Frankfurt am Main 1898
- ↑ a b cf. pl: Dobroszyce
- ↑ a b See Heinz Rudolf Fritsche: Schlesien Wegweiser , Bechtermünz Verlag, Augsburg 1996
- ↑ a b See archive link ( Memento of the original from July 3, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ 1885: [1] ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. - 1910: [2] - 1933, 1939: [3] - 1961: Heinz Rudolf Fritsche: Schlesien Wegweiser , Bechtermünz Verlag, Augsburg - 1996 1995, 2000, 2005: [4]
Bierutów (Bernstadt ad Weide) | Dobroszyce (Juliusburg) | Dziadowa Kłoda (Kunzendorf) | Międzybórz (Neumittelwald) | Oleśnica (Oels) - city | Gmina Oleśnica | Syców (Groß Wartenberg) | Twardogóra (Festenberg)