Elisabethstrasse (Düsseldorf)

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Elisabethstrasse
coat of arms
Street in Düsseldorf
Elisabethstrasse
Aerial view with the beginning of Elisabethstrasse between the Ständehaus with Kaiserteich and Schwanenspiegel and the buildings on the east side of the street
Basic data
place Dusseldorf
District Lower bilk
Created from 1832
Cross streets Haroldstrasse , Graf-Adolf-Platz , Ständehausstrasse, Reichsstrasse with Herzogstrasse, Fürstenwall, Kirchfeldstrasse, Bilker Allee and Bachstrasse
use
User groups Car traffic, cyclists and passers-by
Technical specifications
Street length ≈ 1 km

The Elizabeth Street is a street in the south before the Carlstadt from Dusseldorf , and before the Glacis of the former baroque fortifications of the city, from 1832 in the axial extension of Kasernenstraße for urban expansion has been created. It is a wide, predominantly two-lane and busy one-way street with an additional bicycle lane and turning lanes in the intersection areas. The traffic flows from north to south and the road connects the area of ​​the old core city with the southern urban areas. The entire street is in the eastern area of Unterbilk .

Name and location

Elisabethstrasse begins at Graf-Adolf-Platz and ends at Bachstrasse in front of the Düsseldorf Arcaden and the southern end of the Wehrhahn Line underground tunnel . At the beginning, in the extension of Kasernenstrasse up to the intersection with Herzogstrasse and Reichsstrasse, there are no buildings on the west side. Here is a park in which Schwanenspiegel , Kaiserteich and Ständehaus are embedded in an English landscape garden from north to south , which is continued north of Haroldstrasse through the park on Spee'schen Graben . The church square is on the east side of the street between Fürstenwall and Kirchfeldstraße . The name of the street was given by royal decree of May 22, 1852. As a parallel street to Friedrichstraße , which is named after Friedrich Wilhelm IV , the street name refers to his wife, Queen Elisabeth .

history

Düsseldorf and its surroundings , city map from 1809 with a representation of the waters and wasteland areas on the south side of the city (on the right in the plan)

Until 1945

Until the early 1830s the area was south of the barracks street a desolate, swampy and water-rich area that while laying down the Bastion "St. Paulus ”with the associated counterguard and the surrounding protective waters . Some parts of the former protective waters, such as the elongated Cameralweiher in the area of ​​the current Elisabethstrasse , had not been filled with rubble. From 1819 to 1835 Maximilian Friedrich Weyhe, in consultation with Adolph von Vagedes, developed a concept for the redesign of this area, including its waters, into an English landscape garden, which became part of a ring of green spaces surrounding the city.

House Elisabethstrasse 15 from the west

On June 4, 1831, the Prussian government in Berlin, by means of a cabinet order, permitted the renovation of all of the remaining wastelands that surrounded the old city center. The permit, on the basis of which the urban development of areas in the present-day districts Stadtmitte and Friedrichstadt took place, also affected the urban area from the Cameralweiher to the Rhine , which today belongs to Unterbilk . The passage from Kasernenstrasse to the areas in the south was opened and, from 1832, Elisabethstrasse was created by building a dam. Until the mid-1850s , an open ditch was still available to connect the southern Düssel between the city ​​moat on Königsallee and the Schwanenspiegel. This ditch had to be bridged for the southern extension of Kasernenstrasse to the new Elisabethstrasse. The complete vaulting of this Düssel connection and laying underground from the end of the city moat on Königsallee took place in 1856.

House Elisabethstrasse 69 from the southeast

In addition to Elisabethstrasse, the Schwanenspiegel and Kaiserteich pond were created around 1840 with the surrounding park strips. The entire west side of the street between its beginning on Haroldstraße and Krautstraße was bounded by these parking areas . The latter was only renamed Reichsstrasse at the beginning of the 1870s. Only the east side of this northern area of ​​Elisabethstrasse was built on with houses.

Until the official name was given in 1852, the new street was known as the "extended barracks street". A first house on Elisabethstrasse was provable in 1842/43 with an owner Stephan Wefeld and the location name "An der Kieskuhle 137". In an address book from 1850, the address “extended Kasernenstrasse 137” is given for this house.

City expansion plan 1854

The city expansion plan of 1854 specified construction and / or escape lines for a closed construction method . On this basis, only the area between Turmstrasse and Herzogstrasse with houses no. 1 to 26 was completely built up until 1859. At house numbers 15 and 17 there were only stables. South of the intersection with Krautstrasse and Herzogstrasse, there were only a few houses as far as Bilker Allee before the intersection with Fürstenwall, at that time still called Fürstenwallstrasse. Fürstenwall and Kirchfeldstrasse had also not yet been upgraded to paved roads in the Elisabethstrasse area. This expansion did not take place until the end of the 1870s. During this time, the first apartment buildings built as multi-family houses were built on the southern Elisabethstrasse.

For the expansion of Elisabethstraße, the following works can be verified with their dates:

  • The expansion of Elisabethstrasse south of the intersection with Kirchfeldstrasse took place after 1875.
  • The laying of paved water channels was carried out in 1878/79.
  • In 1879/80, 55 maple trees were planted in the southern area of ​​the road.
  • The road was expanded with an alluvial sewer system in 1880/81.
  • In 1883 the church square was planted with chestnut trees.
  • 1883 Creation of a sewer for sanitary waste water between Kasernenstrasse through Elisabethstrasse to Fürstenwall.
  • In 1891, work was carried out on the slope of the bank area of ​​the Schwanenspiegel on the northwest side of the road and additional tree planting was carried out in this area. At the same time, the church square was also redesigned .

From 1880, the development between Fürstenwall and Bilker Allee was largely completed. The west side up to Reichsstraße and the east side between Fürstenwall and Kirchfeldstraße were as currently not built on. Use at that time was largely limited to residential and rental houses. In 1890 there were only grocery stores in buildings No. 2 and 53a, commercial use in No. 12, a hardware store in No. 21, a beer and forage shop in No. 49 and a dealer with coal storage in No. 115. At the southern end of Elisabethstrasse on Bilker Allee, as can be seen from a city map from 1887, an industrial area with iron foundries was created between Kronenstrasse and Friedrichstrasse.

House Elisabethstraße 12 around 1900 before the extension in 1907
House Elisabethstrasse 12 in 2011

An indication of the high standard of living in the houses at that time, especially in the northern area of ​​Elisabethstrasse, was the purchase of building No. 11. At the 38th Provincial Parliament of the Rhine Province in 1894, it was decided to buy this house as a new residence for the State Director . The next house No. 10 was bought in 1904 because its previous use as a smack had led to harassment. For example, a fire broke out in the associated stables in 1903. The decision to buy was made at the 43rd Rhenish Provincial Parliament in 1903. After the purchase, an office for the Provincial Association was opened in house no. 10 in 1904.

Elisabethstrasse was not yet affected by the construction of administrative buildings and banks around 1900. With the construction of the neo-Gothic hall church of St. Peter with its 80-meter-high north tower, the street on Kirchplatz was given an urban landmark that towers above the entire city district. At that time it was mainly built up as a residential area. However, many of the first residential buildings that had a low height and land utilization were replaced by multi-storey, urban multi-storey buildings at the turn of the century. In 1910, up to the Fürstenwall, there were only ten additional offices in buildings 5 ​​and 9, the latter two of which were part of the provincial administration. In addition to the two grocery stores in buildings 2 and 37, there was a fertilizer shop in house 15 and an art shop in house 32. The wine bar “Favorit” had opened in house no. 31 and a private clinic in house no.

Even after the First World War , there were no significant changes to the structure of the street. Development and use continued to correspond to a residential area. In 1939 there was still a bakery in house number 5; the provincial life insurance company of the Rhine Province only had a branch in houses number 9 to 11 , and the wine and beer restaurant was still available in number 31. Furthermore, Elisabethstrasse ended unchanged at Bilker Allee until after 1945.

From 1945

House Elisabethstrasse 18 from the west

As can be seen from a city map from 1949, as in the entire center of Düsseldorf, almost all buildings on Elisabethstrasse were either largely destroyed or badly damaged in the Second World War . By the mid-1950s, most of these damaged buildings were usable again. In 1955, it was still used as residential property, although additional shops and offices had been built. For example, there is evidence of: a glass and porcelain shop in No. 32, a bakery in No. 74, a sales warehouse in No. 79 and a door wholesaler in No. 99. As the seat of government near the state parliament of North Rhine-Westphalia , which resided in the state house from 1949 to 1988 , buildings No. 5 to 11 were used by the Prime Ministers Karl Arnold , Fritz Steinhoff and Franz Meyers of the State of North Rhine-Westphalia, founded in 1946, between 1953 and 1961. The houses No. 39/41 served various company branches and No. 40 a machine factory as an office location. The hotel “Westfälischer Hof” was opened in No. 52. Furthermore, Elisabethstrasse ended at Bilker Allee.

As can be seen from the city maps of 1949 and 1959, the traffic routing and the location of the tram lines between Graf-Adolf-Platz and the Bilker Bahnhof underpass were changed in the 1950s. So far, the tracks for both the north-south direction and the south-north direction were on Friedrichstrasse. To adapt to the rapidly increasing car traffic, both Friedrichstrasse and Elisabethstrasse were converted into one-way streets. For north-south traffic, new tracks were laid on Elisabethstraße and tram traffic was started on the latter.

The extension of Elisabethstraße to Bachstraße and beyond with a connection to Friedrichstraße also took place with these changes in the 1950s. This extension of Elisabethstrasse is drawn in a historical city map from 1959. With the realization of the Düsseldorfer Arcaden at the beginning of the 2000s, the end of Elisabethstraße was moved back to Bachstraße, and the southern street area up to the railway underpass, east of the Arcaden site, again belongs to Friedrichstraße.

From around the mid-1960s, the first phase began with larger renovation and new building projects in the northern area of ​​Düsseldorf-Unterbilk. With the construction of the knee bridge from 1965 to 1969 as another bridge over the Rhine, the area between Elisabethstrasse and the Rhine had to be completely restructured for the construction of the access ramp on the right bank of the Rhine. This also affected the southeast area of ​​the park at the Ständehaus. Here the crossing area Elisabethstrasse / Reichsstrasse had to be widened significantly. The western part of the building with the houses at Elisabethstrasse No. 27 to 37 was replaced by a new office building, postal number 37, for the headquarters of WestLB . At the same time, the western houses No. 55 to 65 after the intersection with the street Fürstenwall were also replaced by another new office complex of WestLB, postal number 65.

Elisabethstrasse 65 (2012)

From around 2000, like in the whole center of Düsseldorf, a new construction phase began on Elisabethstrasse, in which old buildings were converted or demolished and replaced by new ones. Even before the transformation of WestLB in the early 2000s, office complex No. 65 was rebuilt in 1999 and the architecture of the surrounding buildings was adapted. The water sculpture created by Norbert Kricke at the time remained integrated into the building.

Another office complex, the old WestLB headquarters at Elisabethstrasse 35, was no longer required as the headquarters when the "Herzogterrassen" (WestLB headquarters in Düsseldorf, Harald Deilmann , 1982) was built. The complex was therefore sold to an Irish financial investor in 1997. He planned to replace the old WestLB headquarters with a hotel and a modern office building. Due to differences of opinion between the investor and the municipal approval authorities, these new construction plans could not be carried out promptly as planned. The building was empty until 2010. An agreement was only reached in 2011. The old building was gutted and the expansion including the installation of a new facade began. A medical center, a beauty and wellness practice, various shops and apartments have moved into the new complex. In addition, the property of building Elisabethstrasse 39/41 was integrated into the converted building. The new building was completed in 2014. The medical center was opened in August 2014.

In addition to the two new office complexes, individual residential buildings have also been demolished and replaced by modern new buildings. For example, building No. 4 was demolished in 2015, rebuilt and completed by the end of 2016.

The new construction of the Wehrhahn Line in Düsseldorf from the end of 2007 also led to considerable hindrances at times on Elisabethstrasse, as extensive and time-consuming work had to be carried out underground. The northern area of ​​the street at Graf-Adolf-Platz, where the Graf-Adolf-Platz underground station was built under Elisabethstrasse, was particularly hard hit . For the new underground line , the Kirchplatz underground station was built in the area of ​​the Fürstenwall junction on Kirchplatz along Elisabethstraße . Even after the new underground line went into operation at the beginning of 2016, further work was still required in the Elisabethstrasse area. Above-ground tram traffic on the road ended with the commissioning of the new underground lines at the beginning of 2016, but the road must still be revised with the removal of the tram tracks. As early as 2016, a new bicycle lane was created on Elisabethstrasse, which leads from north to south.

outlook

As with the Breiten Strasse , the Kasernenstrasse and the Friedrichstrasse, an overhaul, including the removal of the tracks, is required due to the closure of the above-ground tram lines. The planning for this was not yet completed at the beginning of 2018.

Web links

Commons : Elisabethstraße  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ In: Official Journal of the District of Düsseldorf . 1852, No. 28, p. [289] 287.
  2. ^ In: Düsseldorf / Statistisches Amt, in: Administrative report of the state capital. 1914/19 pp. [24] XXII. Online version
  3. ↑ Cf. plan of the city of Düsseldorf with its immediate surroundings (1819/1820), plan 2a of the completed and yet to be carried out grinding work and beautification facilities on the south side of Düsseldorf (1833) and plan for the draft of the terrain on the south side of the Carlstadt zu Düsseldorf (1835). In: Wieland Koenig (Ed.): Düsseldorfer Gartenlust . Exhibition catalog of the Stadtmuseum Landeshauptstadt Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf 1987, p. 116 f .; 123 to 125 (Figures 6.50, 6.63 and 6.65)
  4. ↑ Official Journal for the Düsseldorf administrative region, in: Building plan of the city of Düsseldorf No. 4442 , 1831, No. 64, p. [403] 406.
  5. ^ In: Official Gazette for the Düsseldorf administrative district, announcement of September 6th . 1831, No. 78, p. [526] 492.
  6. ^ In: Administrative report for the year 1856 and budget of the city of Düsseldorf . 1856, p. [55] 56.
  7. ^ In: Apartment gazette and address book of the Lord Mayor's Office in Düsseldorf . 1850, p. [220] 210.
  8. ^ In: Address book for the Düsseldorf administrative region . 1842/43, p. [60] 52.
  9. ↑ Construction and leveling plan for the expansion of the city of Düsseldorf . In: Hugo Weidenhaupt : Brief history of the city of Düsseldorf . Triltsch Verlag, Düsseldorf 1983, p. 110
  10. ^ In: Address book of the Lord Mayor's Office in Düsseldorf. Second division . 1859, p. [122] 18.
  11. ↑ Hugo Weidenhaupt, p. 155
  12. ^ In: Report on the administration and the state of the community affairs of the city. XII. Construction management. April 1, 1872 to March 31, 1873 . 1973, p. [93] 93.
  13. ^ In: Report on the administration and the state of the community affairs of the city. XII. Construction management. April 1, 1878 to March 31, 1879 . 1979, p. [107] 107.
  14. ^ In: Report on the administration and the state of the community affairs of the city. XIII. Public facilities. April 1, 1879 to March 31, 1880 . 1980, p. [107] 107.
  15. ^ In: Report on the administration and the state of the community affairs of the city. XII. Construction management. April 1, 1880 to March 31, 1881 . 1981, p. [93] 93.
  16. ^ In: Timeline for Friedrichstadt and Kirchplatz . 1880 to 1900.
  17. ^ In: Report on the administration and the state of the community affairs of the city. XII. Construction management. April 1, 1883 to March 31, 1884 . 1884, p. [127] 127.
  18. ^ In: Report on the administration and the state of the community affairs of the city. XIII. Public facilities. April 1, 1891 to March 31, 1892 . 1892, p. [141/2] 141/2.
  19. ^ In: Address book of the Lord Mayor's Office in Düsseldorf . 1880, pp. [478-481] 75-78.
  20. ^ In: Address book of the Lord Mayor's Office in Düsseldorf. City map . 1887, p. [14] -.
  21. ^ In: Negotiations of the 38th and 43rd Rhineland Provincial Landtag. Annex 19 and 30 . 1894 and 1903, pp. [197] 188 and [336] 340.
  22. ^ In: Address book for the township and the mayor's offices. 3rd part . 1904, p. [736] 118.
  23. ^ In: Address book for the city of Düsseldorf and the mayor's offices. 3rd part . S. [721-723] 91-93.
  24. ^ In: Address book of the city of Düsseldorf. Third part . 1939, pp. [988/9] 116/7.
  25. ^ In: City map of Düsseldorf and Neuss . Historical Falk plan from 1949
  26. ^ In: File: Düsseldorf-AB-1955.djvu. Address book from 1955 . P. 165. File page 1003
  27. ^ In: City map of Düsseldorf and Neuss . Falk plan from 1959
  28. ^ In: Internet site Lindner Architects. WestLB office building . Renovation in 1999
  29. ^ In: RP Online from May 13, 2009 . Old WestLB building / May 13, 2009 New planning
  30. ↑ In: Posts RSS Internet report from March 25, 2011 . WESTLB House D-Dorf
  31. ^ In: RP Online from May 15, 2013 . Medical center
  32. ^ In: Internet message of the housing cooperative Essen-Nord . Residential building Elisabethstrasse No. 4
  33. ↑ In: RP Online from August 21, 2016 . Bike path

Remarks

  1. ↑ Graf-Adolf-Platz had not yet been laid out at that time, as this was only done at the beginning of the 20th century. In the early 1840s, Haroldstrasse ended even further east before the end of Breite Strasse, which was later extended . Before the end of Kasernenstrasse , an additional small park area was created, which was bordered to the south by Turmstrasse and to the west by the beginning of Elisabethstrasse.
  2. ↑ After the numbering in Düsseldorf was changed to match the individual streets, this first house built had the number Elisabethstraße 18. (Evidence: Timetable for Friedrichstadt 1850 to 1880)
  3. ↑ Both the expansion of the church square and the construction of the local church of St. Peter as well as the construction of buildings on the streets took place after 1875. For example, by 1876 only two houses had already been built on the entire Kirchfeldstrasse.
  4. ↑ Many of the currently listed buildings were rebuilt around 1900. However, sometimes after 1945 when war damage was repaired to the buildings, the floor height of a house was increased in addition to modernization. A typical example of this is building no. 12, which has been raised by two floors.

Coordinates: 51 ° 12 ′ 56.3 "  N , 6 ° 46 ′ 31.2"  E