Emich I. (Nassau-Hadamar)

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Emich I. von Nassau , also Emicho , (* in the 13th century ; † June 7, 1334 ), first recorded in 1289, was the second son of Count Otto I of Nassau and his wife Agnes von Leiningen († after December 1299) , Daughter of Count Emich IV. Von Leiningen-Landeck . Emich was the founder of the older Nassau-Hadamar line and a cousin of King Adolf of Nassau . He and his brother Heinrich fought on the side of Adolf in the knight battle near Göllheim on July 2, 1298.

Count of Nassau-Hadamar

After the death of his father, the founder of the Ottonian line of the House of Nassau, in 1290, after a long dispute, Nassau's county was divided among his three surviving sons in 1303. The oldest, Heinrich († 1343), received Nassau-Siegen with the Ginsburg and the rule of the Westerwald , and Johann received Nassau-Dillenburg with Herborn , Haiger and Beilstein . Emich got Nassau-Hadamar with Hadamar , the Esterau , the Nassau part of the Driedorf rule and the Ellar court , the Ottonian parts of Dausenau and Ems as well as some free float.

Ruin of the Junkern Castle in Driedorf

Emich's residence was initially the " Junkernschloss " in Driedorf, and in 1305 he obtained from King Albrecht I that the town of Driedorf was awarded city ​​rights . However, the possession of Driedorf was controversial, as it was a fiefdom of the Landgraviate of Hesse and the serious Dernbach feud that broke out repeatedly between 1230 and 1333 was fought between the Landgraves and the House of Nassau . In 1290, as co-owners of Driedorf, the Lords of Greifenstein, with the help of Hesse, succeeded in forcing Heinrich and Emich von Nassau to demolish two castles near Driedorf; However, this contract concluded in Wetzlar also seals the foreseeable end of the Greifenstein resistance against the Nassau expansion in the eastern Westerwald. It was not until 1316 that Emich was able to acquire the Greifensteiner stake in Driedorf for 250 marks.

Lien in Franconia

In 1299 Emich acquired considerable property in the Nuremberg area when King Albrecht I gave him and his wife Anna, daughter of the Nuremberg burgrave Friedrich III. and his second wife Helena, daughter of the Saxon Duke Albrecht I , pledged Kammerstein Castle , Schwabach , Altdorf , and the castle and the town of Kornburg . Emich had Schwabach fortified with ramparts , moats and palisades and granted the town market rights in 1303 . (These possessions were left in 1348 by Karl IV. Emich's sons Johann and Emich II. As a hereditary imperial fief, but in 1364 they were sold by Johann to the Nuremberg Hohenzollern , his relatives on his mother's side.)

Hadamar

South wing of Hadamar Castle

On December 18, 1320, Emich bought the model yard of the Cistercian monastery Eberbach on the left bank of the Elbe stream opposite the Hadamar settlement with extensive land. He had the court expanded into Hadamar moated castle with a farmyard located south of the castle and moved his residence there. In 1324, the later Emperor Ludwig IV granted Emichs the towns of Hadamar and Ems with Frankfurt city rights. Then Emich fortified the part of Hadamar that had arisen around his castle, including the castle, with the city ​​wall and moat.

The move of his residence to Hadamar probably served to better secure Emich's interests in the County of Diez and the continuous takeover of property and rights of the declining House of Diez. As early as 1317, Emich had held the guardianship of Count Gottfried von Diez (1303-1348), whose poor financial conduct led to the decline of his county. During the negotiations for the marriage of his daughter Jutta in 1324 with Gerhard VI. von Diez (1317-1343), the son of Gerhard V von Diez, Emich obtained extended guardianship rights over the county of Diez, which was already heavily indebted to the Nassau counts. When the guardianship of Gottfried von Diez was terminated after 15 years by a contract in 1332, the Diezer transferred the count's rights over Hadamar and a pledge over the village of Dehrn to Emich. On March 28, 1337, Gottfried and Gerhard von Diez also pledged the office of Ellar , the four-percent office , which had been redeemed by the Merenbergers only four years earlier , for 1450 Mark Limburg money to Emich's son Johann .

Two months before his death, on April 4, 1334, Emich entrusted the castle and court to Hadamar to Archbishop Baldwin of Trier and received it back from him.

Mountain shelf

On February 26, 1298 King Adolf von Nassau pledged the Ratzenscheid mine near Wilnsdorf in Siegerland and the other mines in their area to his cousins ​​Heinrich and Emich and their brothers for 1000 marks Cologne pfennigs (whereby three hellers are to be counted as one pfennig) Silver could be won. This established the Bergregal of the Counts of Nassau.

Johann's legacy

When Emich's brother Johann fell as a Mainz- Nassau field captain on August 10, 1328 near Wetzlar in the last and decisive battle of the Dernbach feud , Emich renounced his share of his inheritance in favor of his older brother Heinrich.

Marriage and offspring

Emich married Anna († approx. 1357) von Hohenzollern before 1297.

Emich and Anna had eight children known by name:

Emich died on June 7, 1334. After a settlement with her son Johann, his widow received the Reichsburg Kammerstein and several estates in Franconia as Wittum in 1336 . In addition, Johann granted her considerable income in kind in Laurenburg , Dausenau , Hadamar, Nentershausen and in the Vogtei Weidenhahn , as well as farms and properties in Hadamar (the Schnepfenhäuser Hof and the Hof Rödchen), Zeuzheim and Heftrich . Until 1349 she had her widow's residence in Hadamar, then on the Burgstall Kammerstein , where she died between 1355 and 1357.

literature

  • Johannes von Arnoldi: History of the Orange-Nassau countries and their regents . Volume 3. Neue Gelehrtenbuchhandlung, Hadamar 1799, pp. 90–98 (on Google Books)
  • Ludwig Götze:  Emich I. In: General German Biography (ADB). Volume 6, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1877, p. 80.
  • Friedrich D. von Schütz: History of the Duchy of Nassau . Wilhelm Roth, Wiesbaden, 1853, pp. 62–63 (on Google Books)
  • Karl Josef Stahl: Hadamar town and castle. A home story. Hadamar City Council, 1974.
  • Jacob Wagner: The regent family of Nassau-Hadamar: History of the Principality of Hadamar. First volume, second edition, Mechitharisten-Congregations-Buchhandlung, Vienna, 1863 (pp. 37–45) (on Google Books)

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Wagner, p. 38
  2. ^ W. Sauer, "The Lords of Beilstein and Greifenstein," in: Annalen des Verein für Nassauische Altertumskunde und Geschichtsforschung, 28th volume, Wiesbaden, 1896, pp. 1-52 (pp. 26-27)
  3. ↑ On January 30, 1299, King Albrecht had already certified that he owed Emich and his wife 400 marks of Nuremberg weight silver. Wirtemberg Documents Book, Volume 11, Kohlhammer, Stuttgart, 1913, No. 5226.
  4. ↑ The Eberbachers also sold him the Aegidien Church at the same time, but kept properties in Niederhadamar, Faulbach and Niederzeuzheim.
  5. ↑ Dehrn an der Lahn ( Memento from September 3, 2014 in the Internet Archive )
  6. ^ Regeste of February 26, 1298
  7. ↑ Ernst Münch : History of the House of Nassau-Orange , Volume 2, Jacob Anton Mayer , Aachen and Leipzig, 1832 (pp. 287–288)
  8. ↑ Wagner, pp. 44-45
predecessor Office successor
- Count of Nassau-Hadamar
1303-1334 		Johann
personal data
SURNAME Emich I.
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Emicho
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Count of Nassau-Hadamar
DATE OF BIRTH before 1289
DATE OF DEATH June 7, 1334