Kornburg

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City of Nuremberg
Kornburg coat of arms
Coordinates: 49 ° 21 ′ 21 ″  N , 11 ° 5 ′ 58 ″  E
Height : 347  (340-355)  m
Area : 4.41 km²
Residents : 3474  (2005)
Population density : 788 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : July 1, 1972
Postal code : 90455
Area code : 09129
map
Location of Kornburg in Nuremberg
Aerial view in east direction, September 2008
Kornburg, around 1750

Kornburg is a suburban district and the name of the district 3438 of the Middle Franconian city ​​of Nuremberg . It is located in the south of Nuremberg within the statistical district 49 Kornburg, Worzeldorf . Kornburg was an independent market until June 30, 1972 .

geography

In the east and south, the Nuremberg city limits form the district boundary. The place consists of the two city districts 494: Kornburg in the east and the western 495: Kornburg, Worzeldorf (Ritterholz) .

To the north of Kornburg is the Nuremberg district of Worzeldorf , to the west are Greuth , Gaulnhofen and Katzwang , to which, however, there is no direct structural connection.

In the south lies the Wendelsteiner district Kleinschwarzenlohe in the district of Roth , separated by the Autobahn A 6 , in the east Kornburg is bordered by the Lorenzer Reichswald .

history

Kornburg was first mentioned in a document in 1236, as the seat of Reich Ministerial Konrad von Kornburg (also: Chunradus de Chvrenburc ).

The name is probably derived from the Kornberg. The ridge extends north of Kornburg, from Wendelstein to Worzeldorf. In its quarries, good millstones for the water mills were already being broken in Carolingian times . The Middle High German name for the millstone and the mill was Kurn , Kürn or Kürne .

The burgrave Friedrich II awarded the Butigler ( Reichsgutverwalter / Mundschenk ) Konrad von Kornburg for his services as a hereditary fiefdom Kornburg, the forest, the mountain (Kornberg with the valuable quartzite sand quarries ) and everything that went with it.

The Nuremberg burgraves from the Hohenzollern dynasty, who were judges in Kornburg from 1342–1717, gave the imperial village in 1364 market justice . At first, makeshift fortifications enclosed the market. The castle was built in 1288 (or earlier). In the 14th century, Kornburg was briefly owned by the Küdorfer , a patrician family who came from the ministry. By marriage, Kornburg fell to von Hohenfels in 1405 (from Freystadt near Allersberg / Hohenfels ) and in 1422 to Hans von Seckendorff . His son, Jörg von Seckendorff, sold the manor, castle and fortress in 1447 to his brother-in-law Peter Rieter . During the War of the Cities and the Wars of the Margraves, Kornburg was partially badly damaged, almost completely destroyed by Wallenstein's troops in the Thirty Years War and the population wiped out except for a few survivors.

Around 1790 there were 51 margravial and 23 Nuremberg properties in Kornburg, which naturally led to constant tension in the past. After the transfer to Prussia in 1792 (JKA Schwabach ), Kornburg fell to Bavaria (LG Schwabach) in 1806 . In 1808 the tax district was formed, and in 1818 the Kornburg market .

During the Second World War , the residents of Kornburg were lucky because the village was not hit by aerial bombs and remained completely undestroyed. Even when it was captured by the American troops, Kornburg was not shot at, as Mayor Friedrich Meßthaler, contrary to the senseless orders of the military government, had all the anti-tank traps removed and handed the village over to the US troops without a fight.

As part of the regional reform , Kornburg was incorporated into Nuremberg ( district 7 - outer city south ) on July 1, 1972 . Today Kornburg and Worzeldorf (with Pillenreuth Monastery ) form the largest statistical district in terms of area 49 with 1909.39 hectares.

In 1818 593 people lived in the village. That number remained relatively stable until 1939. In 1950, 882 inhabitants were counted. Due to settlement activities, especially at the end of the 1980s, the number of inhabitants has now risen to over 3,500.

Short version of the chronicle

  • 1236: First documented mention as the seat of the Reichsministerial 'Chunradus de Chvrenburg
  • 1288: Construction of the Kornburg moated castle
  • 1347: First mention of Kornburg as the seat of the court
  • 1364: Granting of market rights
  • 1388: Destruction of the Kornburg Palace in the war between cities
  • 1449: Destruction of the Kornburg Palace in the First Margrave War
  • 1552: Destruction of the Kornburg Palace in the Second Margrave War
  • 1632: Kornburg, the castle and the church were considerably destroyed in the Thirty Years War
  • 1792: Kornburg passes to Prussia
  • 1806: Kornburg passes over to Bavaria
  • 1972: Incorporation to Nuremberg

Former mayor 1818–1869

1818–1823 Seibold, 1823–1833 bricklayer, 1833–1839 Vitztum, 1839–1843 Weiss, 1843–1852 Rascher, 1852–1869 Beppler

Former mayor 1869–1972

1869–1871 Schwab, 1871–1876 Maurer, 1876–1882 Erlbacher, 1882–1894 Maurer, 1894–1900 Stefan Meßthaler, 1900–1914 Johann Meßthaler, 1914–1928 Erlbacher, 1928–1938 Stocker, 1938–1943 Johann Mandel, 1943– 1945 Friedrich Meßthaler,? –1948 Rascher, 1948–1972 Christoph Dotzauer

Local spokesman for Kornburg 1985-2008

According to the Bavarian municipal code, a local speaker can be elected in formerly independent districts incorporated in 1972 that are not represented by a city council in the city council of Nuremberg. This election takes place in a specially called citizens' meeting, from whose midst the local spokesman is elected. The term of office is identical to that of the Nuremberg City Council.

At the first local speaker election in February 1985, Stefan Kunz was elected Kornburg's first local speaker. Kunz held this office until April 30, 2008, as he was repeatedly elected to this office with a large majority in the local speaker elections in 1990, 1996 and 2002. Before that, Kunz was a member of the local advisory board in Kornburg from 1978 to 1984.

After nearly 30 years of local politics, Stefan Kunz had announced that he would no longer run for the Nuremberg city council and as local spokesman.

Since Harald Dix, a citizen of Kornburg, was elected as a direct representative in the Nuremberg city council on May 1st, 2008, there is no local speaker in Kornburg in accordance with the Bavarian municipal code in the city council period from 2008 to 2014. Harald Dix was re-elected as a member of the Nuremberg City Council in the local elections in March 2014.

Stefan Kunz has been involved in various functions on a voluntary basis for almost forty years, including a board member for over 30 years and chairman of the VdK local association Kornburg-Worzeldorf for more than 20 years. In recognition of his many voluntary services, he was awarded the Bavarian Prime Minister's Decoration on December 12, 2014.

Court seal and coat of arms

The court seal of the Kornburg judiciary from 1347 to 1972 and the official seal of the independent Kornburg store showed three brown mountains in the red field. An ear of corn sprouts from every mountain (perhaps as a determinant of the place name). On the higher mountain, the Kornburg Castle stands in its original form, with two oriels at the top. The black and white flag of the Zollern flies on the spiers . Since the incorporation, the coat of arms has been used by the local spokesman and some Kornburg associations.

Parishes

Evangelical Lutheran

The Protestant St. Nicholas Church

Kornburg has an Evangelical Lutheran parish, the largest of which is the St. Nicholas Church in Kornburg.

The chapel of St. Nicholas was originally built in 1345. The gothic fortified church with cemetery fortifications was built around 1425 on the foundation walls of the demolished chapel. In 1632, during the Thirty Years' War, it was destroyed and rebuilt in 1740 as a typical margrave church by a foundation by Rieter von Kornburg .

The parish was previously founded on the basis of a foundation by Countess Anna von Nassau († 1353) and was part of the Altdorf church set , which the Count Palatine and later King Ruprecht had donated to the University of Heidelberg , founded in 1386 . In 1526, the imperial city of Nuremberg acquired the patronage of Kornburg from the University of Heidelberg. Visit reports from the year 1528 attest to Konrad Löffler as the first Protestant pastor in Kornburg. Although the state sovereignty in Kornburg was disputed between Nuremberg and the Principality of Ansbach , the parish had belonged to the margravial dean's office in Schwabach since 1556 and was also incorporated into the Bavarian dean's office in Schwabach, which was founded in 1810 and to which it still belongs today. The Wendelsteiner districts of Kleinschwarzenlohe with the All Saints Church and Neuses also belong to the municipality .

Catholic

The Catholic Church of Mary Queen

The Catholic parish of Maria-Königin belongs to the diocese of Eichstätt , was raised to a parish in 1969 and separated from the parish of St. Nikolaus in Wendelstein. An emergency church existed in Kornburg since 1945 under the patronage of St. Achahildis. Today's church in Seckendorfstrasse, by Winfried and Peter Leonhardt, was consecrated in 1959.

Events

Every year on the first Sunday in July, Kärwa is in Kornburg. There is a hustle and bustle for four days in the town center and the surrounding inns. For several years now, a small parade has been taking place on the Saturday of the Kärwa, followed by the setting up of the Kärwa tree by the Kornburger Kärwaboum and -Madla.

A Christmas market or a citizens' festival takes place every year and the town center is lined with stalls corresponding to the respective occasion. The Nuremberg Christkind also gives a speech at the Christmas market.

Attractions

Müller-Vargeth'sches Freihaus / Serz'sches Schloss

Müller-Vargeth free house

The manor house (Kornburger Hauptstrasse 29) was built in 1731 by the Nuremberg merchant Müller and acquired by the Nuremberg merchant Johann Christoph Vargeth in 1744 ( King Friedrich Wilhelm and his son, later called Old Fritz , moved into quarters in his Nuremberg property, Johannisstrasse 21 in 1730 ). After 1750, the inn "Golden Swan" was set up on the property. In 1770 the Harrlach clogs bought the property. After the death of Christoph Johann Sigmund Holzschuhers it was acquired by the nobles of Serz and the manor house was called "Serzsches Schloss". During the construction of the canal , the building was used as a hospital. The Kornburg community bought the castle in 1885 to convert it into a school building. The building was later used as a town hall and since 1970 it has been used as a community center with a community center, pharmacy and medical practice. The similarity with the Seckendorffschen Freihaus is not accidental, since the original builder, Tobias Gottlieb Müller, used the plans of the neighboring manor house. A lot of stucco work and furnishings fell victim to later, often unsuccessful, renovation work.

Local museum

Kornburg local history museum

The local history museum, founded in 1958 by Pastor Gottlieb Geiß, housed many exhibits on local history, historical documents and documents, weapons, old Bibles and prayer books, coins, household items and tools, clocks, children's toys, a pipe and snuff collection and equipment from the former fire departments. There were also 60 paintings by the painter Heinrich Nüßlein in the house. It was located right next to the Müller-Vargeth'sches Freihaus and was open every first Sunday of the month from 2 to 4 p.m. from May to October. Since no human or financial resources were available for a necessary renovation, cataloging of the holdings and realignment of the museum, the museum was closed on December 31, 2019.

Rieterschloss

The Kornburg Castle
North side
The Kornburg Castle (1624)

According to various sources, the Rieterschloss (Im Schlosshof 2) is said to have been built for the first time in 1288 by the son of Konrad von Kornburg, or even before 1236 if one takes into account the deed of donation to Konrad von Kornburg, who named himself after this castle. The buildings, which are almost ring-shaped by a moat (in the Middle Ages, or before the construction of the modern sewer system, the moat was still filled with water due to the high groundwater level) enclose a rectangular inner courtyard. The tower protected the entrance with the drawbridge on the south side. There is a farmyard in front of the castle gates. The messengers, fowlers, gardeners and day laborers lived in the east wing of the completely rebuilt farm yard to the south of the castle. The coach houses and stables were formerly housed in the west wing. In the adjoining castle garden there was a rich tree population, a summer house and the castle courtyard. The entire complex opened towards the village through the outer gate, the Vallettor (Vallet = farewell).

In 1299 the castle, the place and the court came as an imperial pledge to Count Emicho von Nassau and then in 1364 by sale to the burgraves. In 1347 a comparison between Anna Countess von Nassau, her son Emicho the Younger and the knight Heinrich von Kornburg settled the ownership situation. In the city ​​war of 1388 the castle was burned down by the Nuremberg troops and rebuilt soon afterwards under Stephan von Kornburg. After the male line of "those of Kornburg" died out in 1404, an inheritance dispute broke out, after the settlement of which in 1405 the possessions fell to the widow Katharina von Hohenfels (née von Kornburg). In the same year it was enfeoffed with the Kornburg by King Ruprecht . In 1422 she bequeathed the castle to her daughter Anna, who was married to Hans von Seckendorff zu Dettelsau. Before 1445 Anna von Seckendorff passed it to her son Georg von Seckendorff zu Dettelsau, who has called himself zu Kornburg since then. Because of the use of the Kornburg quarries, he got into a dispute with the imperial city of Nuremberg, which was even fought in front of the royal court in 1446. Seckendorff, who foresaw eternal trouble with Nuremberg, sold the inherited imperial fiefs, including the famous sandstone quarries, to the Nuremberg patrician Peter Rieter , who was married to his aunt, Barbara von Seckendorff, in his second marriage. In the First Margrave War of 1449, Albrecht Achilles' troops destroyed the Kornburg and Peter Rieter had it rebuilt. In 1450, Peter Rieter handed over his Kornburg property to the Rieter family foundation that he had established. After the Rieter's Kornburg line had expired, the Kornburg Foundation was merged with the Rieter Kalbensteinberg Foundation around 1502 under Jörg Rieter von Bocksberg . Since Jörg Rieter lived near Bad Mergentheim , he left the administration and use of the building from 1517 to 1585 for an annual interest rate to the Nuremberg Heilig-Geist-Spital. During the Second Margrave War in 1552, the castle and the farmyard were sacked by Albrecht Alcibiade's troops and, for economic reasons, they were renovated provisionally in the years 1560–63.

Since the cramped living conditions in the residential tower no longer appealed to the administrator Hans Rieter von Kornburg, he had the so-called long hall built on the wall for his wedding in 1607. In 1614 he ordered the demolition of a half-timbered building on the residential tower and had a massive residential building built on the ring wall between the residential tower and the hall. He also had the outer bailey largely renewed. The stables were modernized around 1608, followed by the construction of two barns and the official servants' house, and from 1613 to 1615 the new or extensive renovation of the Voithaus, a cattle shed with staff accommodation, a wagon shed and a bakery.

During the siege of Nuremberg by the soldiers of Wallenstein, who systematically burned down the villages in the south of Nuremberg just before they left their camp at the Alte Veste in September 1632, the structural efforts of the Rieter family were largely wiped out. According to old records, a total of 83 burned-out or burned-out buildings were registered in Kornburg, including the parish church and the Rieterschloss. According to the files of the forest office, a major construction project began in 1682. In 1682/83, the roofs of the buildings were to be repaired with 215 logs of timber.

Since the architectural style changed over time, the building was rebuilt after the various war damage, first as a moated castle and later as a moated castle. The last new building was completed in 1686. The alliance coat of arms of Paul Albrecht Rieter von Kornburg and his wife, a born spoon wood , which is attached to the entrance portal, dates from 1686 and is still preserved today.

With the death of Johann Albrecht Andreas Rieter von Kornburg in 1753, the family died out. According to the statutes of the Rieter Foundation from the 15th century and contrary to the testament of the last Rieter, the assets fell to the Heilig-Geist-Spital . Due to the protests of the knight canton of Altmühl and the subsequent legal dispute, the latter retained the proceeds from the taxation of the goods. In return, a member of the Nuremberg Council was appointed as administrator who was then registered with the knighthood. The administrators were all provided by the Haller von Hallerstein : until 1763 Burkhard Albrecht, until 1792 Christoph Joachim and until 1807 his son Johann Sigmund Christoph Joachim Haller von Hallerstein. The latter two often spent the summer in Schloss Kornburg. The hospital administration received the pensions of the manor, but saved on the maintenance of the old moated castle.

The castle property was administered by the foundation administration until 1812 and then sold to the clerk and leaseholder of the castle farm, Hürrlein. Due to financial difficulties, he had to divide the property. Due to inadequate maintenance and destruction due to military billeting during the Napoleonic Wars , the castle fell into disrepair, which in 1817 led to the partial collapse of the keep . In 1838 the building housed a paper and wallpaper factory, then a tobacco mill. From 1851 it served as a tenement house for low-income tenants.

The Nuremberg antiques and art dealer and painter, Heinrich Nüßlein (1879–1947), bought the castle and had it renovated in 1922–27, very freely reconstructed, and the keep rebuilt in order to restore the complex to its old appearance. Large parts of the adjoining residential wing with the round oriel turrets and the courtyard facades were renewed. The historicizing gallery with outside staircase comes from this conversion. A roof bay mounted to the north with a polygonal roof, pilasters and carvings from the 16th to 17th centuries. The 19th century was probably only brought here from an unknown location around 1925 and used. The client, who did not shy away from redesigning the historical interior, used it for painting exhibitions. At that time the facility was also known as the “Castle of a Thousand Pictures”. After the death of Nüßlein, the artist couple Mehling took over the castle and sold it to Mrs. Ida Volkert in 1954. Her grandson, Alfred Kraus, has owned the property since 1981. He rents out some of the rooms as holiday apartments.

Seckendorff'sches Schloss / Seckendorff-Eggloffstein'sches Freihaus

Seckendorff-Eggloffsteinsche Freihaus

The manor house (Kornburger Hauptstraße 16) was built in 1709 as a widow's seat for Sofie Rieter, it came to the Barons von Seckendorff through marriage in 1720 and to the Barons von Egloffstein in 1774. Their alliance coat of arms can be seen above the main entrance. In 1800 the Eggloffstein had to sell the property to private individuals for financial reasons and bought it back in 1830. In 1831 it was bought by the farmer's son Georg Seitz from Hersbruck and opened as the “Roter Ochse” inn. In 1851 it was bought by the Meßthaler family, who ran the inn until the 1970s and has kept the building to this day at great expense. Inside, several stucco ceilings, especially the richly designed ceiling of the hall, have withstood centuries.

See also

literature

Web links

Commons : Kornburg  - Collection of Images

Individual evidence

  1. ^ City of Nuremberg, Office for Urban Research and Statistics for Nuremberg and Fürth (ed.): Statistical Yearbook of the City of Nuremberg 2016 . December 2015, ISSN  0944-1514 , 18 Statistical City Districts and Districts, p. 19-20 , p. 19 ( nuernberg.de [PDF; 6.3 MB ; accessed on November 1, 2017]).
  2. ^ Wilhelm Volkert (ed.): Handbook of Bavarian offices, communities and courts 1799–1980 . CH Beck, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7 , p. 602 .
  3. ↑ Museums in Nuremberg (historisches-franken.de) ( Memento of the original from May 12, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.historisches-franken.de
  4. ↑ Heimatmuseum Kornburg closes. [PDF] In: GEMEINDEBOTE of the Evangelical Lutheran Church Community in Kornburg • Kleinschwarzenlohe • Neuses [No. 199] , p. 9, February 1, 2020, accessed on March 23, 2020.