Künstlerhaus Nuremberg

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Facade of the Künstlerhaus to the Königstorgraben

The Künstlerhaus Nürnberg is a building erected in 1910 and a cultural institution of the city of Nuremberg with an eventful history. It was opened as an artist's house , was subject to various uses after the Second World War, and between 1973 and 1997 gained supraregional importance as KOMM , one of the first self-administered sociocultural centers in Germany. After extensive renovation and restructuring, it has been run under municipal sponsorship in cooperation with the house's associations and groups since December 4, 1996, initially under the name K4 and since January 2008 as part of an amalgamation of cultural institutions under the name Künstlerhaus in the KunstKulturQuartier .

location and size

Aerial photo, 2014

The Künstlerhaus is located opposite Nuremberg Central Station at the entrance to the old town, the Königstor . It stretches from Königstraße to the so-called cultural garden and is bordered by the Königstormauer and the Königstorgraben. The areas total around 7,000 square meters and are occupied by exhibition rooms, cinemas, workshops, restaurants, concert and event rooms. Since April 2019 the north wing of the Künstlerhaus has been in a general renovation phase, which is expected to last until 2022. Alternative venues have been set up for some groups and clubs. The central café temporarily uses a converted canteen opposite the Künstlerhaus, the Werkbund Werkstatt Nürnberg and other open workshops are located at Peuntgasse 5–7.

history

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Nuremberg artists' associations in the 19th century

As early as the middle of the 19th century, ideas for so-called artists' houses emerged in various German cities . These were conceived by artists' associations who were looking to improve the existing possibilities for mediating and marketing the works of their members and setting up suitable rooms for this purpose. Here, on the one hand, regular exhibitions under optimal conditions could be promoted, and on the other hand social gatherings and events could be organized. The first artists' houses were built in Stuttgart in 1844 with the bell , in 1856 in Hanover in the Museum of Art and Science and in 1857 in Düsseldorf with the paint box .

In Nuremberg, too, the artist house idea came up around the middle of the 19th century and was first published in 1867 by the Higher Regional Court Councilor Friedrich Dammer . For the implementation he counted on the artists' associations based in the city, which had a high social status due to their membership numbers.

The oldest artists' association, the Albrecht Dürer Association , today the Albrecht Dürer Society , originally emerged from the Society of Nuremberg Artists and Art Friends founded in 1792 . In 1867 it had around 800 members. King Ludwig I of Bavaria was one of the association's sponsors around 1840. His patronage meant that the number of members temporarily rose to 1,600 people. Among them were important officials and dignitaries. The association was based in the Albrecht Dürer House , which was rented by the city and which became too small for the growing association activities. The then chairman of the association, Mayor Christoph Seiler , was looking for alternatives. The gentlemen's drinking room served at times as alternative accommodation, but many members were dissatisfied with the conditions there. You collected money for your own and good showrooms. In 1867 there were more than 10,000 guilders in the club's treasury for this purpose.

Around 1840 a group of young artists formed the artists' association ; around 1855 it had around 35 members, among them the painter Lorenz Ritter , his brother Paul Ritter and Karl Jäger . After a much-noticed party on the Schmausenbuck in 1856 on the 385th birthday of Albrecht Dürer , the merger and its subsequent artist festivals and masked balls were very popular. The members soon included wealthy citizens who supported the association financially, one of whom was the Jewish banker Anton Kohn .

Students from the Nuremberg School of Applied Arts got together in December 1858 and launched the artist's cave. Her role model was the director of the Kunstgewerbeschule August von Kreling from Munich . The meetings were held in the Grauer Kater club in Äußere Laufer Gasse , and members were required to attend. On special occasions, they dressed in a kind of monk's habit. When the association had grown to 80 members, attempts were made to treat the new membership restrictively because of the space problem.

The Nuremberg artists networked nationally with the Nuremberg Local Association of the German Art Cooperative, founded in 1863 as a local association of the General German Art Cooperative . The aim was to improve the economic situation of professional artists, establish an art market and exchange art exhibitions. In addition to the clubs mentioned, the association did not play a major role, especially since its members were also organized in them. But as a news and information exchange, it gained in importance.

Friedrich Dammer, to whom the idea of ​​a Nuremberg artist house went back, was a member of the Künstlerklause . On March 11, 1867, in his club newspaper Pegasus , he published the demand for a building for the artists with detailed financial planning, illustrated with the design of the gable end. The plan was received positively by the public, a working committee with three members of each association was established and suitable premises were sought. But in June 1867 the committee dropped the idea. The background was an intervention by Mayor Seiler as chairman of the Albrecht Dürer Association , as his own project was to have exhibition rooms on the upper floor of the telegraph building on the main market . Friedrich Dammer was also no longer concerned with the realization of an artist's house, he increasingly looked for a place of his own for the artist's hermitage .

Planning of the artist house

A discussion about the Künstlerhaus project did not resume until 1893, when the construction of a representative artist's house, today's Lenbachhaus, began in Munich . The head of the Kunstgewerbeschule Karl Hamer tried to merge the artists 'club and the artists' association , but failed because of the resistance of the members. The architect Otto Seegy developed a plan to convert the former master craftsman's house in Pfannenschmiedsgasse into a society center for Nuremberg artists, but this idea was also rejected. October 29, 1902 is considered to be the final hour of birth of the Nuremberg Künstlerhaus. On the occasion of the inauguration of the new Neptune Fountain on the main market, the First Mayor Georg von Schuh and the hop wholesaler Ludwig von Gerngros were appointed honorary members of the artists' association , who in return established a foundation for the construction and made the first funds available.

After some building drafts and their corrections after discussions among the artists' associations and objections from the Ministry of the Interior in Munich, the municipal administration committee met on December 11, 1903, under the direction of Georg von Schuh, to discuss the project. The chairman reported that the financing of 600,000 marks was largely covered by private donations of 486,000 marks and the accruing interest. A capital of 500,000 marks would therefore be available. The management committee unanimously recognized the importance of an artists' home for Nuremberg art and the situation of the Nuremberg artists. A high-performing artist stand should thus be maintained. The exhibitions of the Albrecht Dürer Association also urgently need better rooms. In addition, it was deemed necessary to move the municipal art collection from the top floor of the new Essenwein town hall to the new artist house. It was decided to add a contribution from the city of 100,000 marks to the total costs of 600,000 marks and to build the projected building, instead of the salt barn to be removed from the Königstorzwinger, according to the plans of the architects Konradin Walther and Otto Seegy. The supervision of the construction work was entrusted to the city's senior building officer, Karl Weber. He was supported by an advisory board consisting of the ranks of the founders and the participating artistic circles. The building should

“With its construction, the city of Nuremberg, which owns the land (value: 500,000 marks), will transfer the rooms designated in the present plans, some of which are on the ground floor and first floor of the main building, to the Albrecht Dürer Association, the Künstlerhaus however, the local artist associations can be used free of charge for use forever or as long as they exist, but on the condition that the city has the right, if there are compelling reasons to do so, the exhibition of the Albrecht Dürer Association and the artist home to move to other, equally good and inexpensive rooms. "

On December 15, 1903, the city magistrate unanimously raised the opinion of the administrative building committee for resolution. The community college agreed to this in its meeting on December 22, 1903.

The construction of the artist house

The entrance to the city from the train station was chosen as the location of the planned artist house. Here, the King's Gate was demolished in 1892, revealing a salt store built in 1810, the so-called Salzstadel . It was generally considered to be unadorned and clumsy, was no longer needed for its original purpose and should now give way to the new building. Initial plans by Otto Seegy were particularly rejected by the Interior Ministry in Munich for reasons of monument preservation. The design by the architect Konradin Walther , which was finally approved, provided for a sandstone building that was based on the late Renaissance buildings in Nuremberg . It was based on Seegy's division into an exhibition building facing Königstrasse and an adjoining artists' home, but accepted the commission's suggestion that, in order to improve the cityscape, “the exhibition and main building directly on the Königstorbrücke will not immediately have large gables and many floors go up, but rather start with a low building, and if the longest possible horizontal line of the roof ridge were created from this building to the actual artist's home. "

The salt barn was demolished in July 1905, and some small storage buildings and part of the city wall also had to be removed, the first groundbreaking took place on March 24, 1906, and then the actual construction work began. In May 1907, the building shell was completed with the construction of the roof. The interior work on the exhibition wing was completed in 1908, and the building was completed in 1910 with the completion of the artists' home.

The main entrance of the exhibition building, designed as a long building, was a porch on Königstrasse, flanked by two corner towers. A vestibule led to the exhibition rooms of the municipal gallery on the ground floor via a few steps . These were divided lengthwise into three zones by two rows of pillars, the middle of which was intended as a passage and a place for sculptures. The side areas were divided into six cabinets each. On the upper floor there was a skylight hall 18 meters long and 10 meters deep, to which three side cabinets were connected. The Albrecht Dürer Association also had a skylight room and three side cabinets on the upper floor. These rooms could be reached via a separate entrance on the Königstormauer and a stone staircase.

The facade of the adjoining artists' home was more lively structured, it had its own entrances from the Königstorgraben and the Königstormauer. In addition, a staircase led into a beer garden, which was bordered by the inner and outer city walls. The artists' home was furnished with lounges, the rooms of the art associations, a large ballroom and a leased restaurant.

On July 3, 1910, the Künstlerhaus Nürnberg was inaugurated.

The donors of the Künstlerhaus

When it was completed, the cost of the Künstlerhaus was just under a million marks. The city of Nuremberg provided the property and a contribution of 100,000 marks, as decided at the meeting on December 15, 1903. The other financial means for the construction of the building - 800,000 marks - come from donations from private donors. These patrons were honored with titles, especially that of the Kommerzienrat , and medals, which they received directly from the hands of Prince Regent Luitpold of Bavaria at the inauguration ceremony . In addition, the executive committee commissioned a marble plaque on which the names of the benefactors were carved.

The donors

  • Siegfried Bach , Consul and Councilor of Commerce.
  • Georg Albert Beckh, Councilor of Commerce.
  • Heinrich Berolzheimer , Councilor of Commerce.
  • Ignaz Bing , Secret Commerce Councilor.
  • Ferdinand Carl, Magistrate and Commerce Councilor.
  • Friedrich Conradty, Councilor of Commerce.
  • Margarete Denk, the widow of the brewery owner.
  • Georg Dietz, Councilor of Commerce.
  • Georg Valentin Eckstein, factory owner.
  • Ernst Faber, Councilor of Commerce.
  • Salomon Forchheimer, wholesaler.
  • Friedrich Fröscheis, Councilor of Commerce.
  • Ludwig von Gerngros , secret councilor of commerce and honorary citizen of the city of Nuremberg .
  • Wilhelm Gerngros, Councilor of Commerce.
  • Johannes Grasser, Councilor of Commerce.
  • Joseph Hopf, Councilor of Commerce.
  • Hans body, businessman.
  • Raimund Külb, factory owner and municipal representative.
  • Max Landmann, Councilor of Commerce.
  • Georg Leykauf, Councilor of Commerce.
  • Albert Mayer-Dinkel, Councilor of Commerce.
  • Heinrich Metzger, Councilor of Commerce.
  • Ernst Nister, Councilor of Commerce.
  • Oskar von Petri , Privy Councilor of Commerce and founder of the later exhibition hall (now the Kunsthalle Nürnberg ).
  • Ernst Plank, Councilor of Commerce.
  • Georg Reif, Councilor of Commerce.
  • Jean Reif, Councilor of Commerce.
  • Zacharias Reif, Councilor of Commerce.
  • Georg Schönner, Councilor of Commerce.
  • Wilhelm von Stieber, Privy Councilor of Commerce.
  • Max Philipp Tuchmann, Councilor of Commerce. United brush factories, public company.
  • Alexander Wacker, Privy Councilor of Commerce.
  • Friedrich Karl Zahn, councilor and 2nd board member of the community college.

Municipal gallery in the artist house

The Municipal Gallery of Nuremberg, which occupied the main exhibition area in the Künstlerhaus when it opened, was set up in the small town hall hall in 1867 with a collection of paintings, glass paintings, sculptures and handicraft objects and was moved to the upper floor there in 1889, after an extension of the town hall was built. The collection was considered limited, as the Germanisches Nationalmuseum claimed the works of art that showed the development of German painting up to the end of the 18th century, while the gallery was supposed to specialize in contemporary art of the time. The most outstanding painting was the Battle of the Amazons by painter Anselm Feuerbach , which his widow had bequeathed to the city of Nuremberg in 1889. After the move it was exhibited in a prominent place in the large skylight hall of the Künstlerhaus. In addition to a few older works, such as Joachim von Sandrart's Das Friedensmal in the large town hall hall in Nuremberg or Johann Dietrich Carl Kreul's Schöne Nürnbergerin , a large part of the collection consisted of genre, animal and landscape paintings as well as still lifes, most of which were historical, historicizing or scenic Nuremberg motifs. However, the exhibition was determined by the consideration for the donors, so that a third was decorated with portraits and busts of individual personalities.

The Städtische Galerie closed during the First World War and did not reopen until April 16, 1921. Before that, a commission for the redesign had been set up with the task of “removing the numerous artistically worthless or indifferent images” and the resulting gaps Close new acquisitions and loans. For a long time, for example, pictures such as Franz von Defregger's A Councilor of War by Andreas Hofer in 1809 or Albin Egger-Lienz's monumental painting The Cross were included in the exhibition. At the end of the 1920s, the collection was supplemented by some works of German Impressionism and Modernism, for example, the city acquired the paintings Potato Digger in the Dunes near Zandvoort in the Netherlands by Max Liebermann , Portrait of a Lady by Lovis Corinth and The Dancer Anita Berber by Otto Dix .

  • Anselm Feuerbach: Battle of the Amazons

  • Franz von Defregger: A councilor of Andreas Hofer's 1809

  • Albin Egger-Lienz: The Cross

Artists' house in the KunstKulturQuartier

Entrance to the Künstlerhaus from the Bahnhofsplatz

In January 2008 the cultural center was merged with the neighboring facilities of the Kunsthalle Nürnberg , the Tafelhalle , the St. Katharina Open Air and the Kunstvilla to form the KunstKulturQuartier . This networking of different cultural sectors is intended to address a broader audience in joint marketing. The Künstlerhaus is a firmly established venue for music, dance, theater, film, exhibitions, literature and parties and also the venue for various festivals such as the NIHRFF - Nuremberg International Human Rights Film Festival , Blues will eat , Film Festival Turkey / Germany and the Blue night . It offers its own educational program and with the Filmhauscafé also a catering facility; some of the initiating associations and businesses were established during the period of self-administration. Numerous workshops, such as a bicycle workshop, a photo laboratory, a ceramics workshop, a portrait drawing group, a forge, a joinery, a computer group, a pixel workshop, a screen printing and a stone workshop, are also available to the general public. Since the north wing is being renovated from April 2019 until probably 2022, the program of some open workshops will take place at alternative locations.

Associations and businesses in the Künstlerhaus

  • The Artothek is housed in the basement of the modern “head building” (also glass building) of the Künstlerhaus. Original works of art by predominantly regional artists can be borrowed there.
  • The Filmhaus is a communal cinema to promote film culture. In addition to the projection rooms, it offers various film workshops.
  • The KOMM education area was founded in 1984 in what was then KOMM . It is a voluntary group that has set itself the task of enriching cultural life in Nuremberg with ideas that go beyond the usual forms of established institutions. The focus of his work is on exhibitions and political youth and adult education.
  • The Musikverein Concerts sees itself as an independent group that has been organizing concerts, readings and parties since 1976. The music association is housed in the alternative quarter, the canteen (opposite the Künstlerhaus). With his events he aims to enrich the Nuremberg subculture .
  • The Werkbund Werkstatt Nürnberg is a private training facility that has been located in the Künstlerhaus building since 1987. There are preparatory courses for prospective students in the field of design. The internship is recognized by art colleges.

literature

Web links

Commons : Künstlerhaus Nürnberg  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Künstlerhaus in the KunstKulturQuartier ( Memento of the original from December 17, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed September 17, 2011 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.kubiss.de
  2. ^ Siegfried Kett: Das Nürnberger Künstlerhaus , Nuremberg 1992, p. 9.
  3. ^ Siegfried Kett: Das Nürnberger Künstlerhaus , Nürnberg 1992, p. 16.
  4. ↑ Festschrift for the inauguration of the Nuremberg Künstlerhaus on July 3, 1910.
  5. ^ Siegfried Kett: Das Nürnberger Künstlerhaus , Nürnberg 1992, p. 30.
  6. ^ Siegfried Kett: Das Nürnberger Künstlerhaus , Nürnberg 1992, p. 43; the list of donors is given in footnote VII-5, quoted from: Fritz Traugott Schulz : Festschrift for the inauguration of the Künstlerhaus in Nuremberg , 1. Part Nuremberg 1910, p. 50 f.
  7. ↑ KunstKulturQuartier: Open workshops
  8. ↑ Filmhaus: Wir über uns ( Memento of the original from July 5, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed September 12, 2011 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.kubiss.de
  9. ↑ KOMM-Bildungsbereich , accessed on September 12, 2012
  10. ^ Musikverein Concerts , accessed on September 12, 2012

Coordinates: 49 ° 26 '54.1 "  N , 11 ° 4' 54.6"  E