Artist house
Künstlerhaus is a term in German with five different meanings, sometimes in mixed forms, and requires the presence of one or more studio-like rooms or workshops .
Definition variants
An artist house means:
- a building that includes living rooms as well as a studio or workshop and was built by the artist or architect himself or for him (see Rubens House or Palazzo Zuccari ),
- the birthplace, parental home or residence / residence with studio of an artist and often at the same time his main place of activity during a significant phase of life ( Max Liebermann's studio in Palais Liebermann next to the Brandenburg Gate in Berlin or his summer villa on Wannsee; Albrecht Dürer House in Nuremberg ; Lenbachhaus in Munich; Münterhaus in Murnau; Claude Monet's domicile in Giverny ),
- a building or structure with a number of studios / workshops that are usually privately rented by a large number of artists ( Bateau-Lavoir , in which Picasso worked in his early Parisian years; La Ruche in Paris),
- numerous facilities / buildings in the German-speaking countries referred to as artists' houses, sometimes also several such facilities or buildings in the same city under different sponsorship , e.g. B. through associations or foundations : these buildings serve as work and meeting places for cultural workers in the fields of fine arts and handicrafts , literature and music , partly performing arts and are equipped with studios, workshops and communication rooms of various kinds and sometimes with guest apartments for limited artist stays fitted. Such houses usually open up specifically to the surrounding resident population and often take on an image and identity function for the district or the location, both within and outside the city.
- Buildings and facilities that provide professional artists from different countries with a studio or a workshop and a studio apartment for a limited period of time, usually in connection with a work grant, so that the participants can work creatively in an international environment. This type of funding is known as artist in residence ( Villa Romana in Florence). Such institutions are often funded through foundations.
Conceptual discrepancies
A distinction must be made between the five characterizations:
- the artist colony : this term has historically been associated with extra-urban associations. At the same time, a large number of institutions are currently adopting this designation for themselves, which could actually be referred to as artists' houses and enable spatial and creative cooperation between different artists in an urban setting.
- the art house :
- Such is used in the sense of an exhibition house or an art museum for the presentation of art objects, but not their production.
- the art house in the sense of a house or building as art essentially places the artistic activity of the architect or artist in the foreground in its external appearance . Typical of this are a number of Antoni Gaudí's buildings in the formal language of Modernism , or the crooked, partly deconstructivist buildings by Frank O. Gehry or the organic form and playful color language of Friedensreich Hundertwasser in his designs, e.g. B. at the Hundertwasser House in Vienna.
history
Artists' houses were built in various German cities in the middle of the 19th century. They were conceived by artists 'associations who sought to improve the placement and marketing of their members' works and set up suitable rooms for this purpose. Here, on the one hand, regular exhibitions under optimal conditions could be promoted, and on the other hand social gatherings and events could be organized. The first artists' houses were built in Stuttgart in 1844 with the bell and founded in 1848 with the paint box in Düsseldorf . The artists in Hanover had also had their own premises in the Museum of Art and Science since 1856 , which was later named the Künstlerhaus . In the Bavarian capital of Munich , the artist support association began working on plans for an artist's house from 1850 .
List of artist houses
The list given here is only an example:
In Germany
place | Surname | Founded | comment |
---|---|---|---|
Ahrenshoop | Artist house Lukas | ||
Bad Ems | International artist house at Schloss Balmoral | ||
Bamberg | International artist house Villa Concordia | ||
Berlin | Atelier building Bleibtreustraße 7 | 1897 | Remodeling in 1932 |
Atelier building at Kantstrasse 149 | 1892 | Apartments and studios | |
Atelierhaus Eisenacherstraße 103 | before 1903 | Ateliers in the rear building, later converted into 15 studio apartments. 1981 demolition started and occupied , inhabited until today (as of February 2019) | |
Atelierhaus Lützowstrasse 82 | 1890 | Ateliers in the rear building, converted into a factory in sections from 1907, destroyed in the 1940s | |
Atelier of the Association of Berlin Women Artists | 1911 | ||
Bethany | |||
Artist's house St. Lukas | 1890 | ||
Bremen | Künstlerhaus Bremen | 1992 | |
Frankfurt am Main | Mousonturm artist house | 1988 | |
Gelsenkirchen | Halfmannshof artists' settlement | 1931 | |
Dortmund | Künstlerhaus Dortmund | ||
Dresden | Künstlerhaus Dresden-Loschwitz | 1898 | |
Dusseldorf | Wonder building | before 1875 | Atelier building, which offered room for twenty-one artists. Destroyed in 1943. |
Artist studio house | 1907/1908 | Was donated by the Association of Düsseldorf Artists with studios and workshops for professional artists for a small rent. | |
Atelier house Franz-Juergens-Strasse 12 | 1936/37 | The ensemble of buildings, conceived as an “artist community center with 12 studios and an exhibition room”, was created for the 1937 Reich Exhibition, the Creative People , is owned by the city of Düsseldorf and is part of an “artists' settlement” in Düsseldorf-Golzheim that still exists today . | |
Eckernförde | Schleswig-Holstein artist house | 1998 | |
Edenkoben near Heidelberg | Künstlerhaus Edenkoben | ||
Feldafing near Munich | Artist house Villa Waldberta | ||
Gladenbach near Marburg | Artist house Lenz | ||
Grimma near Leipzig | Monument smithy Höfgen | 1976 | |
Hanover | Künstlerhaus Hannover | ||
Hamburg | Sootbörn artist house | ||
Karlsruhe | Künstlerhaus Karlsruhe | before 1907 | |
Kempten | Kempten artist house | 2004 | |
Krefeld | Künstlerhaus Krefeld | ||
Leipzig | Künstlerhaus (Leipzig) | 1900 | Destroyed in 1943 |
Mannheim | Künstlerhaus zeitraumexit | 2000 | |
Marktoberdorf | Künstlerhaus Marktoberdorf | 2001 | |
Meinersen | Künstlerhaus Meinersen | 1989 | |
Munich | Künstlerhaus on Lenbachplatz | 1900 | |
Munich | Künstlerhaus of the state capital Munich | 1980 | |
Neumunster | Künstlerhaus Stadttöpferei Neumünster | 1987 | |
Nuremberg | Künstlerhaus Nuremberg | ||
regensburg | Artists' house Andreasstadel | 2004 | see Salzstadel (Stadtamhof) |
Rheda-Wiedenbrück | Künstlerhaus Wiedenbrück | ||
Saarbrücken | Saarland artist house | ||
Lauenburg / Elbe | Artist house Lauenburg | 1986 | |
Schöppingen near Münster | Artist Village Schöppingen Foundation | ||
Stuttgart | Künstlerhaus Stuttgart | 1978 | |
Weimar | Weimar Artists' Home | 1887 | Destroyed in 1945 |
Wiepersdorf south of Berlin | Künstlerhaus Schloss Wiepersdorf | ||
Wustrow | Schreyahn Artists' Court |
In Austria
place | Surname | Founded | comment |
---|---|---|---|
Bregenz | Artist house Bregenz | 1984 | |
Klagenfurt | Künstlerhaus Klagenfurt | ||
Salzburg | Salzburg artist house | 1885 | |
Vienna | Künstlerhaus Vienna | 1868 | |
Graz | Künstlerhaus Graz | 1952 |
In Switzerland
place | Surname | Founded | comment |
---|---|---|---|
Boswil | Boswil artist house | 1954 |
Other states
Country | place | Surname | Founded | comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
France | Paris | Bateau-Lavoir | 1892 | Burned out in 1970, renovated in 1978 |
La Ruche | 1902 | Original building for the Paris World Exposition in 1900 built |
literature
- Melanie Klier: Artists' Houses. Prestel Verlag, Munich 2006, ISBN 978-3-7913-3525-4
- Gérard-Georges Lemaire (texts); Jean-Claude Amiel (photographs): Artists and their homes. Knesebeck Verlag, Munich 2004, ISBN 3-89660-208-X
Individual evidence
- ↑ Ernst Seidl (ed.): Lexicon of building types. Functions and forms of architecture . Stuttgart: Philipp Reclam jun. Verlag, 2006, ISBN 978-3-15-010572-6
- ^ Siegfried Kett: Das Nürnberger Künstlerhaus , Nuremberg 1992, Verlag Nürnberger Presse, ISBN 3-920701-89-5 , p. 9.