Ernst August Roßteuscher

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Barracks of the Guard Rifle Battalion, 1884
Evangelical Garrison Church in Spandau, view from the east, 1890
Evangelical garrison church in Spandau, floor plan
Evangelical Garrison Church in Berlin, southeast view, 1896
Evangelical Garrison Church in Berlin, floor plan

Ernst August Roßteuscher (born May 20, 1849 in Kassel , † April 13, 1914 in Steglitz ) was a German architect and Prussian construction officer in the military building administration.

Origin and professional career

Ernst August Roßteuscher attended grammar school and the polytechnic school in his hometown of Kassel. He then went on a major study trip through central and southern Germany , which he completed in Paris in 1869 after a tour of western France . Until the beginning of the Franco-Prussian War , he worked there in Charles-Auguste Questel's studio and attended the École des beaux-arts . When the war broke out, he returned to Kassel as an architect and subsequently went to war as a volunteer . He took in the ranks of the fourth battery of the Hessian Field Artillery - Regiment 11 No in the campaign at the. Loire part and participated in ten battles.

After the end of the fighting, Roßteuscher went to Berlin to the local building academy , where he passed the first state examination in 1872 , with subsequent appointment as a construction manager ( trainee lawyer ). As such, he worked for the Deutsche Eisenbahnbaugesellschaft until 1874 with preliminary work and designs for the Berlin Stadtbahn and was entrusted by Hermann Blankenstein with the construction management for the Sophien School in Weinmeisterstraße in Berlin in 1874/1875 . With the completion of this work he returned to Kassel by 1877. There he worked as a private architect, before he was appointed government architect ( Assessor ) in October 1878 with passing the second state examination in building construction and the management of the III. Army Corps for employment.

In the following year, 1879, Roßteuscher, after a brief employment in the ministerial construction department of the Prussian War Ministry, was transferred to the directorate of the Guard Corps , where he worked on the drafts for the General Military Treasury (Königgrätzer Straße 122) and for the barracks of the Guard Rifle. Battalion - he also led the execution of the last - was commissioned. Roßteuscher was also responsible for the design and execution of the officers' dining establishment of the Prussian main cadet institute in Groß-Lichterfelde. From the management of the Guard Corps, he briefly returned to the War Ministry before he was appointed to the Spandau II military building department on September 1, 1886, as a garrison building inspector. In addition to his other tasks, he designed the Protestant garrison church in Spandau , which was built in a marque-Gothic brick style and whose foundation stone was on October 18, 1887, the birthday of the Crown Prince and later Emperor Friedrich III. , and which was inaugurated on March 16, 1890 in the presence of Kaiser Wilhelm II . He also edited the portfolio of ornamental glass paintings of the Middle Ages and the Renaissance with Carl Schäfer (1885) and worked as an assistant teacher at his side at the Technical University of Charlottenburg . He had a long-standing friendship with Schäfer, who, like him, came from Kassel.

From an early age, Roßteuscher, inspired by Georg Gottlob Ungewitter and Eugène Viollet-le-Duc , began studying medieval art. He let the knowledge he gathered from this flow into his designs, whereby he repeatedly came into conflict with the “Berlin School”, which was still completely attached to Hellenism . But despite frequent opposition, Roßteuscher was entrusted with important construction tasks several times. A sign of the early appreciation of his designs and designs was the request from the Technical University of Charlottenburg whether he could represent his sick friend Carl Schäfer (1891). However, he had to refuse this due to the commissioning to design and build the second evangelical garrison church in Berlin. He designed the largest church in Berlin after the Kaiser Wilhelm Memorial Church in early Gothic forms; it had 1,600 seats and 500 standing places, including an imperial box. To carry out this task, he was transferred to the district of the directorate of the Guard Corps in Berlin on February 1, 1891. At Schäfer's suggestion, the Technical University of Karlsruhe offered him a chair for medieval architecture in 1894 , but he had to refuse this too; Schäfer took on this himself the following year.

While Roßteuscher was still busy with the construction of the garrison church, he was appointed director and building officer in April 1895 and, after its completion on July 1, 1897, he was transferred to directorate of III. Army Corps in Berlin. The strong presence of the military and especially the artillery brought him numerous major construction tasks, but due to his position as head of the highest building authority within the III. Army Corps no longer entrusted with its own construction work. Rather, he exercised top management over the drafts and designs, which he was nevertheless able to “put his stamp on”. Until his last transfer to the position of the directorate and building council at the directorate of the VI. Army Corps in Breslau in May 1906, under Roßteuscher's direction, buildings for the Army Construction Administration in Berlin, Spandau, Brandenburg an der Havel , Perleberg , Küstrin , Neuruppin , Beeskow and Jüterbog were built . In 1903 he then acted as a representative in the construction department of the War Ministry for eight months .

After his retirement, to which he was transferred at his own request with the ultimate farewell on August 17, 1907, Roßteuscher took on a variety of tasks both as a technical consultant and as a freelance architect. His most important task from this time is the renovation and restoration of the main church in Sorau. But his unsuccessful commitment to the construction of a new royal opera house in Berlin on Schloßplatz between Brüderstrasse and Breite Strasse, which he represented with a design and his own idealism, was particularly emphasized in obituaries. His planning combined with the construction of the opera a redesign of the south-western part of the square. During the last weeks of his life, Roßteuscher dealt with the planning for the breakthrough of the road “Behind the Gießhaus ” between the armory and the Neue Wache via the property of the Ministry of Finance as the main access road to the new museum buildings by Ludwig Hoffmann . Roßteuscher, who had settled on the edge of the city park in Steglitz, where he was also a member of the municipal council, also worked as a judicial expert.

Ernst August Roßteuscher had been married since 1884 and had two sons.

Honors

plant

Evangelical Garrison Church in Berlin, 2017
Office building in Charlottenburg, 1902, view from Hardenbergstrasse

buildings

  • 1880–1883 General Military Treasury in Berlin (drafting under the garrison building inspector Friedrich Bruhn; execution by garrison building inspector Hermann Verworn)
  • 1881–1884 Barracks for the Guards Rifle Battalion in Groß Lichterfelde (drafting and construction based on a draft sketch by Ferdinand Schönhals, head of the directorate and building counselor, and under the direction of H. Verworn).
  • 1887–1890 Evangelical Garrison Church on Hafenplatz in Spandau (design, planning approval and execution with the assistance of the senior construction officials Gustav Voigtel and Emil Boethke; the government architects Wilhelm Voelcker, Jansen and Franz Afinger were at his side for special construction management) blown up in October 1949.
  • 1891–1897 Second Evangelical Garrison Church in Berlin (design and execution (1893–1897))
  • 1898 Crew building of the 2nd department at the artillery shooting school in Jüterbog (drafting by garrison building inspector Klatten under his direction; execution 1899–1901 by garrison building inspector Ernst Haussknecht)
  • around 1901–1902 service building for the commanding general of the III. Army Corps in Charlottenburg , Hardenbergstrasse (supervision of the execution; design by Schönhals with the assistance of the government master builder Hausmann)
  • 1904–1905 Barracks for the 1st division of the field artillery regiment No. 39 in Perleberg (final drafting in cooperation with the architect Ludwig Dihm, after the transfer of the directorate and building officer Hans Nissen Andersen)
  • 1906–1907 Preliminary draft for a garrison church in Breslau
  • 1911–1913 Reconstruction and restoration of the St. Maria Church of Our Lady in Sorau

Fonts

Literature and Sources

  • Ernst August Roßteuscher †. In: Zentralblatt der Bauverwaltung . 34th year 1914, No. 34 (from May 9, 1914). P. 286f.
  • Ludwig Dihm: Central sheet of the building administration. 34th year 1914, No. 37 (from June 3, 1914). P. 328 (supplement to obituary).

References and comments

  1. ^ Deutsche Bauzeitung , Volume 4, 1870, No. 49 (from December 8, 1870), p. 398.
  2. ↑ Centralblatt der Bauverwaltung , 7th year 1887, No. 16 (from April 16, 1887), p. 153.
  3. ↑ a b Zentralblatt der Bauverwaltung , 34th year 1914, No. 34 (from May 9, 1914). P. 287.
  4. ↑ G.-Michael Dürre: The stone garrison. The history of the Berlin military buildings. Self-published, Berlin 2001, ISBN 3-00-007749-9 , p. 119.
  5. ^ Centralblatt der Bauverwaltung , Volume 11, 1891, No. 6 (from February 7, 1891), p. 53.
  6. ↑ Centralblatt der Bauverwaltung , Volume 15, 1895, No. 16 (April 20, 1895), p. 161.
  7. ↑ Deutsche Bauzeitung , Volume 30, 1896, No. 105 (from December 30, 1896), p. 666.
  8. ^ Military weekly paper , 91st year 1906, No. 76 (from June 21, 1906), Col. 1788.
  9. ^ Military weekly paper , 92nd year 1907, No. 110 (of August 31, 1907), Col. 2517.
  10. ↑ Berliner Architekturwelt , 17th year 1914/1915, No. 3.
  11. ^ Military weekly paper. 89th year 1904, No. 159 (from December 31, 1904), col. 3764.
  12. ↑ Zentralblatt der Bauverwaltung. 28th year 1908, No. 9 (from February 1, 1908), p. 61.
  13. ^ Journal of Construction . 41st year 1891, booklet IV-VI, col. 205–208 a. Atlas pp. 96-98.
  14. ^ Berlin and its buildings. Edited and edited by the Berlin Architects 'Association and the Berlin Architects' Association. Facsimile printing of the 2nd edition from 1896. Ernst. Berlin 1988. ISBN 3-433-02279-8 . P. 383f.
  15. ↑ Father of Julius Boethke
  16. ^ Centralblatt der Bauverwaltung. Year 10, 1890, No. 34 (from 23 August 1890), pp. 341–343.
  17. ↑ Paul Rainald: Spandovia sacra is reminiscent of the Garrison Church (Berliner Zeitung)
  18. ^ Centralblatt der Bauverwaltung. 16th year 1896, No. 30 (from July 25, 1896), pp. 328-330.
  19. ↑ http://architekturmuseum.ub.tu-berlin.de/index.php?set=1&p=79&Daten=126956
  20. ↑ http://architekturmuseum.ub.tu-berlin.de/index.php?set=1&p=79&Daten=122727
  21. ^ Centralblatt der Bauverwaltung. 22nd year 1902, No. 73 (from September 13, 1902), p. 447f.
  22. ↑ Zentralblatt der Bauverwaltung. Volume 27, 1907, No. 81 (from June 8, 1907), pp. 314-318.
  23. ↑ Zentralblatt der Bauverwaltung. 34th year 1914, No. 44 (from June 3, 1914), p. 328 (addition by building officer Ludwig Dihm)
  24. ↑ On the 200th birthday of Ferdinand von Quast 1807–1877. First Prussian conservator of cultural monuments. (= Workbooks of the Brandenburg State Office for Monument Preservation and State Archaeological Museum, No. 18). Berlin 2007. ISBN 978-3-86732-023-8 . P. 71.
  25. ↑ Zentralblatt der Bauverwaltung. 28th year 1908, No. 89 (from May 16, 1908), p. 270.

Web links

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personal data
SURNAME Roßteuscher, Ernst August
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Roßteuscher, August
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German architect and construction officer
DATE OF BIRTH May 20, 1849
PLACE OF BIRTH kassel
DATE OF DEATH April 13, 1914
Place of death Steglitz