Ernst Mangold

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Bust of Mangold in the foyer of the agricultural faculty of the Humboldt University

Ernst Mangold (born  February 5, 1879 in Berlin ; †  July 10, 1961 in Hahnenklee-Bockswiese ) was a German doctor , physiologist and nutrition researcher who was one of the most renowned agricultural scientists in the German Democratic Republic (GDR) and a co-founder of the nutritional physiology of the Pets and animal nutrition doctrine applies in Germany . From 1912 to 1923 he worked as a professor of nutritional physiology for domestic animals at the University of Freiburg , from 1923 to 1935 as professor and director of the Institute for Animal Physiology at the Agricultural University of Berlin and from 1935 to 1954 as professor and director of the Institute for Animal Nutrition at the University of Berlin .

Life

Ernst Mangold was born in Berlin in 1879 as the son of a high school professor and also graduated from the Askanische Gymnasium there . From 1897 to 1903 he studied medicine and natural sciences at the Universities of Giessen , Jena and Leipzig . He received his medical license in 1903 and received his doctorate in the same year in Jena with a medical dissertation on the postmortem excitability of the striated muscles in warm-blooded animals . After working as an assistant at the Department of Physiology at the University of Jena under Ernst Haeckel he achieved beyond 1905, the zoological promotion, a year later, he was with a thesis on the movement of the stomach of chickens for the subject physiology habilitation .

After his habilitation, Mangold initially stayed at the University of Jena before going to the Naples Zoological Station in the winter of 1906/1907 , where he dealt with the functioning of the sensory organs of small animals . From April 1907 to September 1911 he worked as a private lecturer at the Institute for Physiology at the University of Greifswald . Mangold then moved to the University of Freiburg , where he also worked for a short time as a private lecturer and from 1912 to 1923 as an associate professor for the nutritional physiology of domestic animals. His scientific work was interrupted during the First World War by assignments as a medical officer in the reserve and as chief physician of reserve hospitals in Schopfheim and Baden-Baden .

In 1923 Mangold moved to the Agricultural University in Berlin , where he succeeded Carl Arthur Scheunert as full professor of physiology and director of the Institute for Animal Physiology and from 1931 to 1933 as rector of the university. As a result of the merger of the Agricultural University with the Friedrich Wilhelms University , he was full professor for nutritional physiology of domestic animals and director of the Institute for Animal Nutrition at the Agricultural-Veterinary Department from 1935, and of the Agricultural Faculty of the University of Berlin from 1937. After the end of the Second World War , Mangold was confirmed in his chair in January 1946 and as director of the Institute for Animal Nutrition, from 1947 on at the Faculty of Agriculture and Horticulture. In addition, he also worked as deputy director of the Institute for Veterinary Physiology at Berlin University. He retired in early March 1954 at the age of 75 and died seven years later during a vacation trip to Hahnenklee in the Harz Mountains .

Scientific work

Ernst Mangold published around 560 scientific publications in the course of his career . During his time in Jena, Greifswald and Freiburg, he mainly dealt with the general and comparative physiology of animal and human organs . After moving to Berlin, he turned to the nutrition of farm animals and their digestion , especially the function of the stomach and intestines in ruminants and poultry . In addition, he investigated the nutritional value of feed and the role of microbiological processes in digestion and the metabolism of carbohydrates and proteins in bacteria in the rumen .

Due to his scientific work and his research results, he is considered a co-founder of the nutritional physiology of pets and animal nutrition in Germany . From 1950 Mangold worked as the editor of the specialist journal Archiv für Tierernahrung, which he founded . In addition to English and French , he also mastered Italian , Spanish and Portuguese and gave lectures on scientific papers published in these languages.

Awards

Ernst Mangold was a member of the German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina from 1925 and in 1949 was accepted as a full member of the German Academy of Sciences in Berlin (DAW). He was also a full member of the German Academy of Agricultural Sciences (DAL) from its foundation in 1951. He turned down the position of founding president of the DAL offered to him for reasons of age.

The Humboldt University of Berlin (Dr. vet. Med. Hc, 1950; Dr. agr. Hc, 1954) and the Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg (Dr. agr. Hc, 1952) made him an honorary doctorate . He also received the Carus Prize of the Leopoldina in 1922, the Justus Liebig Prize awarded by the Giessen University in 1954 and the Adolf Köppe needle of the German Society for Breeding Science in 1957 .

In the GDR, in which Ernst Mangold was one of the most renowned agricultural scientists, he received various high-ranking state awards, including the GDR National Prize in 1950 and 1959 , the Patriotic Order of Merit in 1954 and the honorary title of Outstanding People's Scientist in 1959 .

Publications (selection)

  • Investigations into the termination of the nerves in the striated muscles of the arthropods . Jena, Gustav Fischer, 1905 doi: 10.5962 / bhl.title.11526 (dissertation)
  • Hypnosis and catalepsy in animals versus human hypnosis. Jena, Gustav Fischer, 1914
  • Floor plan of the anatomy and physiology of domestic mammals. Berlin 1931 (as co-author)
  • (Ed.): Handbook of nutrition and metabolism of farm animals as a basis for feeding theory. Four volumes. Berlin 1929–1932
  • Diet and feeding of the dog. Leipzig 1938
  • Guide to feeding rabbits. Radebeul and Berlin 1949
  • Digestion in farm animals. Berlin 1950
  • The protein in poultry nutrition. Berlin 1951

literature

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Mangold, Ernst
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German doctor, physiologist and nutrition researcher
DATE OF BIRTH February 5, 1879
PLACE OF BIRTH Berlin
DATE OF DEATH July 10, 1961
Place of death Hahnenklee-Bockswiese