Essigberg (nature reserve)

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Essigberg nature reserve

IUCN Category IV - Habitat / Species Management Area

Purple orchid in the NSG Essigberg (2016)

Purple orchid in the NSG Essigberg (2016)

location Keltern and Birkenfeld , Enzkreis , Baden-Württemberg , Germany
surface 134.5 ha
Identifier 2020
WDPA ID 81632
Geographical location 48 ° 53 '  N , 8 ° 36'  E Coordinates: 48 ° 52 '58 "  N , 8 ° 35' 58"  E
Essigberg (nature reserve) (Baden-Württemberg)
Essigberg (nature reserve)
Setup date March 5, 1991 (August 27, 1952)
administration Karlsruhe Regional Council

The Essigberg is a nature reserve in the Kraichgau natural area in Baden-Württemberg .

geography

The nature reserve is in the Dietlingen area of ​​the municipality of Keltern and the area of ​​Gräfenhausen of the municipality of Birkenfeld . From a natural point of view, the Essigberg is located in the Pfinz hill country, in the transition zone between the southern Black Forest edge plates and the Kraichgau to the north .

history

The south-western slope of the Essigberg was designated as a nature reserve for the first time on August 27, 1952, with an area of ​​34 hectares because of its abundance of orchids. The enclosed forest clearing represents the remains of a heather that was created by sheep grazing and was reforested in the 18th century. Viticulture was also temporarily introduced here. The new ordinance of March 5, 1991 added the previously designated nature reserve to include the adjacent Hegnach and Kettelbachtal valleys and parts of the Kelterner Obst- und Rebengäu landscape conservation area. The forest in the old part of the nature reserve was largely destroyed by a hurricane in 1968.

geology

The new ordinance adds to the moderately dry slopes built up by layers of the Lower Muschelkalk and humid spring areas on red sandstone formed by the soils of the Middle Muschelkalk.

description

Swamp stendelwort (Epipactis palustris) in the Essigberg nature reserve

The area was designated as a nature reserve by ordinance of March 5, 1991 by the Karlsruhe Regional Council and has an area of ​​around 130 hectares. It is listed under the protected area number 2.020 and, like all German nature reserves, is classified in IUCN Category IV as a biotope and species protection area. The CDDA code is 81632 and also corresponds to the WDPA ID .

The main protective purpose is the preservation, care and development of the steppe heather forest, the pipeline -pine forest and the semi-dry and poor grasslands on the Essigberg and on the slopes of the Erlach and the adjacent meadow valleys and source areas of the Kettelbach valley and the Hägnach with their rare plant communities, plant species and animal species.

Flora and fauna

Today forest communities include an oak-hornbeam forest mixed with pines , limestone beech forests rich in orchids and a light, old pine forest interspersed with juniper .

A large part of the richness of orchids has been preserved to this day, for example fly ragwort , bee ragwort and marsh stendelwort can still be found.

The varied landscape naturally offers a great variety in the faunistic area. The occurrence of large butterflies is particularly important - many of them are listed as endangered on the Baden-Württemberg “Red List”. The spider fauna is also remarkably rich in species thanks to the close interweaving of the most diverse habitats in the protected area.

See also

literature

Thielmann, Gabriele: Essigberg nature reserve - fruit trees and orchids, forest heaths and meadow valleys, State Nature Conservation Administration Baden-Württemberg, Karlsruhe Regional Council, 2005

Web links

Commons : Essigberg Nature Reserve  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Map services of the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation ( information )
  2. ↑ § 3 Protection purpose ordinance of the Karlsruhe Regional Council of March 5, 1991, accessed on December 23, 2015
  3. ↑ [1] Appreciation of the nature reserve "Essigberg", accessed on December 16, 2015