Aalkistensee

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Aalkistensee
Aalkistensee The Lake House.jpg
Aalkistensee in winter
Geographical location Kraichgau
Tributaries Salzach
Drain Salzach
Location close to the shore Bretten , Maulbronn
Data
Coordinates 48 ° 59 ′ 37 "  N , 8 ° 45 ′ 40"  E Coordinates: 48 ° 59 ′ 37 "  N , 8 ° 45 ′ 40"  E
Altitude above sea level 227  m above sea level NHN
surface 12.06 ha
Maximum depth 1.5 m
Template: Coordinate / Maintenance / POSKARTE inappropriate
"Aalkistensee" nature reserve

IUCN Category IV - Habitat / Species Management Area

Aalkistensee, Maulbronn.JPG
location Maulbronn , Ölbronn-Dürrn , Enzkreis , Baden-Württemberg , Germany
surface 50.5 ha
Identifier 2,042
WDPA ID 81249
Geographical location 49 ° 0 '  N , 8 ° 46'  E
f2

The Aalkistensee (older name Aalküstensee ) is a lake in the Enzkreis near Maulbronn and Bretten im Kraichgau in Baden-Württemberg . It is located in the nature reserve of the same name .

lake

According to investigations of lake sediments, the lake was probably formed by a sinkhole caused by leaching processes in the gypsum keuper. The sedimentation continued towards the end of the third millennium BC. During the transition from the Neolithic to the Bronze Age . Monks from the nearby Maulbronn Monastery dammed the lake further by means of an earth dam, which is now six meters high. The lake through which the Salzach flows was mentioned in 1553 under the name Unterefflinger See . The current name of the lake is on the practice of monks back in the lake eels for the fasting days in wooden pots , so-called Aalkisten store.

The fish farm in the lake was abandoned in 1967 because the water was dirty too. Maulbronn's wastewater was untreated until 1953, and only mechanically cleaned was discharged into the Salzach until 1978. Meanwhile covered sediments in the lake contain toxic heavy metals that came from the wastewater of the electroplating industry in Maulbronn. Around 1997 the dam of the lake was rehabilitated because it was classified as too low and too steep. During the renovation, old trees and culturally and historically valuable buildings were removed.

In the north-west corner of the lake is the Aalkistenmühle , which used the water flowing out of the lake.

Nature reserve

The Aalkistensee nature reserve extends over the entire area of ​​the lake and beyond. The area stretches along the Salzach to the east as far as Bundesstraße 35 ; in the south to the railway line of the Westbahn . The 50.5 ha area (protected area number 2.042) was placed under protection by ordinance of December 21, 1979 and is included in the natural area of ​​the Kraichgau and the Stromberg-Heuchelberg . The preservation of the lake with the different wetlands and hillside zones surrounding it in their peculiarity, diversity and beauty was named as an essential protection purpose , whereby the importance of the area as a breeding and resting place for birds and as amphibian spawning area as well as the supra-regional importance as habitat of species-rich plant and animal communities and the importance of the lake as a site of large reed banks, more vulnerable than growing area in its shore area plant species such Teichampfer and marsh ragwort results.

Today you can watch the lake numerous bird species, for example Gründel- and diving ducks , coots , silver and gray herons , grebes , swans and wild geese .

See also

literature

  • Andreas Wolf: Aalkistensee. In: District Office for Nature Conservation and Landscape Management Karlsruhe (Ed.): The nature reserves in the administrative district of Karlsruhe . Thorbecke, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-7995-5172-7 , pp. 186-189.

Web links

Commons : Aalkistensee nature reserve  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Map of the Aalkistensee on: State Institute for the Environment Baden-Württemberg (LUBW) ( information )
  2. ^ A b Manfred Rösch, Elske Fischer: The Maulbronner Klosterweiher - mirror of four millennia of cultural landscape history . In: Preservation of monuments in Baden-Württemberg. Issue 46/4, 2017, pp. 282–287, here p. 284 (PDF, 747 kB).
  3. ↑ Württemberg land map, sheet NW XLVII 19 , as of 1835, at the Ludwigsburg State Archives
  4. ↑ Profile RHB Aalkistensee at LUBW (accessed on July 9, 2019).
  5. ↑ Wolf, Aalkistensee , pp. 187, 189.