Franz Xaver Reich

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Franz Xaver Reich (born August 1, 1815 in Hüfingen ; † October 8, 1881 there ) was a German sculptor in Baden .

Life

Franz Xaver Reich was the son of the senior teacher Lucian Reich and his wife Maria Josepha Schelble, a sister of the conductor Johann Nepomuk Schelble . He had a younger brother named Lucian who was also an artist. Elisabeth (1819–1871), a sister of the two, married the lithographer and photographer Johann Nepomuk Heinemann .

After initial support from his father, Franz Xaver Reich came to Johann Nepomuk Zwerger's sculpture class at the Städelsche Institut in 1832 on the recommendation of his uncle Schelble . In addition to his favor, he soon acquired that of director Philipp Veit and Professor Friedrich Maximilian Hessemer . Through his uncle he improved his piano playing and became a member of his Cecilia Society . His first independent work was a Beethoven bust based on an engraving, copies of which were sold for a long time by the Karl Banni plaster foundry .

After getting to know the Austrian sculptor Ludwig Schaller during a trip to Munich, he invited him to his studio there in 1835 to create a Holbein relief he had modeled for the Alte Pinakothek . Since Schaller designed two Holbein reliefs, these are either the depiction of Hans Holbein the Younger with the family of Thomas More or the one that shows him painting by Anne Boleyn .

The following year he returned to his parents' house after doing more work at Schaller. Wilhelm August Rehmann , personal physician of Prince Karl Egon II. Zu Fürstenberg, arranged for Reich to model a sketch there showing the Danube with its tributaries Brigach and Breg. Karl Egon II was enthusiastic about the result and commissioned Reich to produce the model on a large scale in Munich in 1837. In Castle Hüfingen he received from his patron then a studio vacated to run around the group in sandstone. The young artist was only supported by a puncturer who had been specially trained for this. The sandstone group was set up on the "big island in the Schwanenweiher" (today: Pfaueninsel) in the castle park of Donaueschingen and from 1840 it was supplied for more than two decades by a water tower with a pumping station. Then the water supply was provided by the brewery's power station.

Franz Xaver Reich took part in the competition for the colossal group of trade and shipping for the portal of the customs building (1836–1839) by Heinrich Huebsch at the Mannheim free port. Although the Mainz sculptor Franz Joseph Scholl won the competition, Hübsch became aware of Reich. Through him he received the order from the Baden Grand Duke Leopold to carry out the group for the gable of the Trinkhalle Baden-Baden , which Hübsch built from 1839 to 1842.

Thanks to a scholarship from Karl Egon II, Reich was able to go to Rome for a two-year stay in Italy (1842/43). There he befriended the sculptor Christian Lotsch (1790–1873) from Karlsruhe , who had lived in Rome since 1822.

On August 28, 1843, Reich married Josephine Elsässer (* April 20, 1823) in Donaueschingen, whose sister Amalia (* December 31, 1810) had married the pharmacist and politician Ludwig Kirsner in 1832 . In the following year, Reich's son Berthold Lucian Joseph (1844–1925) was born in Karlsruhe, who would later create the Mount of Olives in the parish church of Donaueschingen .

For the Kunsthalle Karlsruhe , which opened in 1846 , Reich created the larger-than-life allegories of painting and sculpture and was also given the opportunity to use reliefs to design the purpose and purpose of the building according to his own ideas. He also supplied the model for the Ludwig Georg von Winter monument , which was cast in 1853 and unveiled in 1855 with a base by Friedrich Theodor Fischer .

The memorial commissioned by Leopold and erected in 1848 for the 63 victims who died in the fire in the Karlsruhe court theater on February 28, 1847, was Reich’s last commission in Karlsruhe for the time being; he returned home to Huefingen.

In the same year his daughter Maria Josefa Amalie (* 1848) was born. She was later followed by Amalia Maria Anastasia (* 1850), Clara Mathilde (* 1852), Karl Guido (* 1858) and Amalie Christine (* 1860).

In Hüfingen he expanded the brick factory that he had taken over from his father to include the production of terracotta . There he created the plastic jewelry for the Karlsruhe court theater and the frieze for the princely rifle chamber in Donaueschingen as well as the medallions on the collection building opposite. On behalf of the archbishop architect Lukas Engesser , he produced additional works for churches in Baden.

In addition, he created other works of sandstone in his workshop, including Four Seasons on the entrance portals of the orangery in Karlsruhe, facing towards the city .

His last surviving work was the statuette of a skater in modern costume and a sketch of the burial of Christ . He died on October 8, 1881 in Hüfingen.

Works

image place Location /
structure
plant Completion /
opening
Munich Alte Pinakothek , Hall II, ceiling at least one of the Holbein reliefs based on a design by Ludwig Schaller 1835/1836
Donaueschingen Castle park, Pfaueninsel Danube with the tributaries Brigach and Breg 1837/1841
Donaueschingen Castle park, fish house Ammonites on capitals of columns and pilaster strips (terracotta) 1841
Baden-Baden 10-2015 img37 Pump house (cropped) .jpg Baden-Baden Baden-Baden drinking hall Group in the gable field Opened in 1842
Staatliche Kunsthalle Karlsruhe by Heinrich Hübsch from 1836 to 1846 as Grand Ducal Picture Gallery 3 (cropped) .jpg Karlsruhe Art Gallery Marble statues of painting and sculpture, other reliefs on the portal Opened in 1846
Georg Ludwig Winter Monument Karlsruhe.JPG Karlsruhe Monument by Ludwig Georg Winter Model for the casting Erected in 1855
Karlsruhe theater fire memorial (cropped) .jpg Karlsruhe Memorial to the victims of the theater fire Angel figure 1848
Karlsruhe Court Theater.jpg Karlsruhe Court theater Facade decoration (terracotta) Completed in 1853
Donaueschingen Princely rifle chamber Frieze decoration (terracotta)
Donaueschingen Collection building Medallions on the building (terracotta)
Orangery Karlsruhe portal south pavilion IMGP2928.jpg Karlsruhe Orangery Four seasons (two above each of the two city-facing portals) Completed in 1857
Neudingen Crypt church Eight Beatitudes , Annunciation on the main altar, Mater gloriosa on a side altar
Donaueschingen Schlosspark, Elisabetheninsel / Engelinsel Draft for the casting of the memorial for the wife of Karl Egon III, who died in 1861, which replaced the Lessing memorial, which until then had given the island its name (Lessing Island) and is now located on Prinz-Egon-Platz
Conrad (Konstanz) 2022.jpgGebhard II (Constance) 2027.jpg Constancy Rhine bridge , moved in 1936 when the bridge to the Rheinsteig in Constance was rebuilt Statues of the Constance bishops Konrad and Gebhard von Konstanz , the other two figures are by Hans Baur 1860
Kehl Mutter Kinzig.jpg Throat Rhine bridge , meanwhile on the Kehler market square Mother Kinzig , father Rhein came from Hans Baur (both Eisenguss) 1861
Münster (Constance) 1908.jpg Constancy Constance Minster Figure of Mary above the main portal of the west facade, flanked by St. Konrad and St. Pelagius by Hans Baur 1855?
Donaueschingen Golden Wedding.jpg Donaueschingen Source of the Danube , later a swimming pool, today at the confluence of the Danube Still image of the young Danube as a child on the lap of the Baar as well as ornaments for the new border by Adolf Weinbrenner 1875
Hüfingen Castle (then Fürstenberg State Hospital, today old people's home) Statue of Charles Borromeo
Catholic Church Hufingen (Maria cropped) .JPG Hüfingen Parish Church of St. Verena and Gallus Madonna above the entrance
Bonndorf Martinsgarten 1000625 (cropped) .jpg Bonndorf in the Black Forest Martinsgarten Monument to Prince Abbot Martin Gerbert 1856
Heiligenberg - Postplatz - Fürstenbrunnen 01 ies (cropped) .jpg Heiligenberg Fürstenbrunnen Models of the two Fürstenbergers Joachim and Karl Egon II zu Fürstenberg for ore casting 1854?
Baden-Baden Leopoldsplatz, melted down as part of the metal donation Portrait statue of Grand Duke Leopold 1861
Sigmaringen pomnik Karola 3.jpg Sigmaringen Fürst-Wilhelm-Strasse / Mühlstrasse Bronze monument to Karl von Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen (cast by Lenz-Heroldt from Nuremberg) on ​​a granite column 1869
Donaueschingen Memorial for his brother-in-law Ludwig Kirsner with words by Joseph Viktor von Scheffel 1879
BASA-237K-1-351-23-Baden-Baden.jpg Baden-Baden Herrengut, Echo, Engelswiese, Hungerberg, Leopoldstrasse Fürstenberg monument: Guardian angel statue in a columned hall by Theodor Diebold on the occasion of a riding accident of his son Karl Egon IV on September 22, 1962 by Karl Egon III. zu Fürstenberg commissioned 1870
St. Peter and Paul (Bonndorf) jm50685.jpg Bonndorf in the Black Forest St. Peter and Paul Fired clay group Madonna between angels on the main portal
Rippoldsau Pilgrimage Church Mater Dolorosa (until 1956 St. Nicholas) Life-size, wood-carved statues of saints on wall brackets: St. Nicholas and St. Benedict as well as the church fathers

Ambrosius , Hieronymus , Augustine and Gregory the Great

1869/72
Mahlberg St. Leonhard Madonna and Child above the main portal

reception

Joseph Sauer described Reich's work in comparison to that of Karl Steinhäuser as "similarly fruitful, but of a less high level". On the other hand, he attests to the Freiburg Josef Alois Knittel the "same style as a church sculptor". He sums up Reich's terracotta works for churches, which are valued by Lukas Engesser:

"If these works mostly reveal a somewhat impersonal, conventional style without the strong power of a personal temperament, then they are characteristic creations of their time, full of simple, warm-hearted religiosity, correct and graceful in form."

- Joseph Sauer

Reich's Danube group with Brigach and Breg caught the attention of Peter von Cornelius in Munich . In addition, Ludwig Thiersch was positive about the work in the Allgemeine Zeitung .

literature

Web links

Commons : Franz Xaver Reich  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. Details on Franz Xaver Reich. In: Germany Births and Baptisms 1558–1898. FamilySearch.org, accessed November 7, 2015 (FHL Microfilm 890,557).
  2. Details on Elisabeth Reich. In: Germany Births and Baptisms 1558–1898. FamilySearch.org, accessed November 7, 2015 (FHL Microfilm 1,184,323).
  3. ^ Albert Köbele: Kinship book of the city of Hüfingen. District of Donaueschingen in Baden (=  German local family books . Volume 30 ; = Baden local clan books. tape 12 ). Self-published by the author, Grafenhausen bei Lahr in Baden 1962, No. 1701, p. 228 .
  4. a b Rudolph Marggraff : Directory of the paintings in the older royal Pinakothek in Munich , Finsterlin, Munich 1865, p. 21, full text in the Google book search
  5. ^ O. Berndt: The gardens to Donaueschingen, Wartenberg and Neidingen. Their creation and development. In: Writings of the Association for History and Natural History of the Baar and the adjacent parts of the country in Donaueschingen. 12. Issue, Laupp, Tübingen 1909, p. 32 ff., (Digitized version)
  6. ^ Heinrich Huebsch: Buildings. Second issue. Veith, Karlsruhe and Baden 1838, p. 63.
  7. ^ Karl Georg Bockenheimer:  Scholl, Franz Joseph . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 32, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1891, p. 216 f.
  8. Gabriele Brugger: Simple Baar children. Lucian Reich's realities. In: Writings of the Association for History and Natural History of the Baar. Volume 41, 1998, p. 10 (digitized version)
  9. Xaver Reich and Josephine Elsaesser. In: Germany Heiraten, 1558–1929. FamilySearch.org, accessed November 7, 2015 (FHL Microfilm 890,576.).
  10. Details on Ludwik Or Louis Kirsner. In: Germany Heiraten, 1558–1929. FamilySearch.org, accessed November 13, 2015 .
  11. Details on Berthold Lucian Joseph Reich. In: Germany Births and Baptisms, 1558–1898. FamilySearch.org, accessed August 15, 2016 (FHL microfilm 1,053,798).
  12. ^ Albert Köbele: Kinship book of the city of Hüfingen. District of Donaueschingen in Baden (=  German local family books . Volume 30 ; = Baden local clan books. tape 12 ). Self-published by the author, Grafenhausen bei Lahr in Baden 1962, No. 8224, p. 652 .
  13. Various . In: Heinz Schmitt (ed.): Monuments, fountains and free sculptures in Karlsruhe 1715–1945 (=  publications of the Karlsruhe City Archives . Volume 7 ). 2nd Edition. Karlsruhe 1989, ISBN 3-7617-0264-7 , pp. 686 . , P. 231 ff.
  14. Details on Maria Josefa Amalia Reich. In: Germany Births and Baptisms, 1558–1898. FamilySearch.org, accessed November 7, 2015 .
  15. Details on Amalia Maria Anastasia Reich. In: Germany Births and Baptisms, 1558–1898. FamilySearch.org, accessed November 7, 2015 .
  16. Details on Clara Mathilde Reich. In: Germany Births and Baptisms, 1558–1898. FamilySearch.org, accessed November 7, 2015 .
  17. ^ Albert Köbele: Kinship book of the city of Hüfingen. District of Donaueschingen in Baden (=  German local family books . Volume 30 ; Baden local clan books. tape 12 ). Self-published by the author, Grafenhausen bei Lahr in Baden 1962, No. 3229, p. 374 .
  18. Details on Amalie Christine Reich. In: Germany Births and Baptisms, 1558–1898. FamilySearch.org, accessed November 7, 2015 .
  19. a b c d e f g h Josef Sauer : The church art of the first half of the 19th century in Baden (end) , Freiburg Diocesan Archive 59. Herder, Freiburg im Breisgau 1931, p. 218 ff. (Digitized version)
  20. Helma Angst: The FF facilities and gardens from the point of view of monument preservation In: Writings of the Association for History and Natural History of the Baar. Volume 47, self-published, Donaueschingen 2004, p. 25 f. ISSN  0340-4765 , (digitized version )
  21. ^ The royal seat of Karlsruhe. Your story and description. Festival of the city for the 34th meeting of German naturalists and doctors. CF Müller, Karlsruhe 1858, p. 246. Full text in the Google book search
  22. Helma Angst: The FF facilities and gardens from the point of view of monument preservation. In: Writings of the Association for History and Natural History of the Baar. Volume 47, self-published, Donaueschingen 2004, p. 14, ISSN  0340-4765 , (digitized)
  23. a b c Thomas Cathiau: Hans Baur. In: Friedrich von Weech (Ed.): Badische Biographien, V. Theil. 1906.
  24. Remigius Bäumer among others: Constance. The Minster of Our Lady. Schnell & Steiner, Stuttgart 1989, ISBN 3-7954-0687-0 , p. 52, preview in the Google book search
  25. Historical picture documents on the source of the Danube. fg.vs.bw.schule.de, accessed on November 15, 2015 .
  26. ^ Karl Baedeker: Austria, southern and western Germany. Guide for travelers. Baedeker, Koblenz 1868, p. 394, full text in the Google book search
  27. ^ Karl zu Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen: Sigmaringen - Karl zu Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen. vanderkrogt.net, accessed November 12, 2015 .
  28. Ludwig Kirsner . In: Friedrich von Weech (Ed.): Badische Biographien. Volume 3, Bassermann, Heidelberg 1881, p. 66.
  29. Martin: Carl Egon IV. Prince of Fürstenberg. In: Writings of the Association for History and Natural History of the Baar and the adjacent parts of the country in Donaueschingen. Laupp, Tübingen 1900, p. 2, (digitized version)
  30. Engelswiese with Fürstenberg memorial in 76530 Baden-Baden. DerCityInsider.de, accessed on November 15, 2015 .
  31. Mater Dolorosa Bad Rippoldsau. kath-oberes-wolftal.de, accessed on November 17, 2015 .
  32. ^ Bad Rippoldsau. In: Pilgrimage sites in the Archdiocese of Freiburg. ebfr.de, accessed on November 17, 2015 .
  33. Weech, p. 209.