State Art Gallery Karlsruhe

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Main facade of Heinrich Hübsch's art gallery

The Staatliche Kunsthalle Karlsruhe is a museum of fine arts and houses paintings by mainly German, French and Dutch masters from a total of eight centuries.

The building erected by Heinrich Hübsch between 1836 and 1846 as a grand ducal picture gallery and expanded in several phases is one of the oldest museum buildings in Germany. It was specially created for the extensive art collection of the Baden Princely House, the basis of which is the so-called Mahlerey Cabinet of Margravine Karoline Luise (1723–1783).

building

The building complex was initially designed as a four-wing complex, but was eventually realized in the form of a two-storey main wing in the arched style . The main facade shows a combination of different materials. The building was expanded in the course of several expansion phases. a. the architects Josef Durm and Heinrich Amersbach were involved. The two marble statues on the balcony, which can be traced back to Franz Xaver Reich (1815–1881), represent allegories of the main genres of the collection, painting on the left and sculpture on the right. Furthermore, the richly designed iconographic program of Reichs, which is based on the function of the building as Multi-discipline museum points out evocative reliefs and sculptures, which sometimes to Michelangelo and Raffael , Dürer , Hans Holbein the Elder. J. and Peter Vischer d. Ä. recur. The building was badly damaged in the Second World War, especially in the roof area. Moritz von Schwind's frescoes in the stairwell were also affected. The old academy building, which formed one wing of the building complex, was so largely destroyed that it could not be rebuilt. In its place, under the direction of the architect Heinz Mohl , the Kunsthalle received the latest extension wing in 1990.

The neighboring orangery has been used for the exhibition of contemporary art since 1890 . Between it and the main building, on Hans-Thoma-Strasse, is the former garden director's villa, also built by Heinrich Hübsch, which has housed the “Junge Kunsthalle” since 2009. The Botanical Garden of the City of Karlsruhe and the Federal Constitutional Court are located adjacent to the building complex .

collection

Matthias Grünewald : Crucifixion , 1523/1524
Claude Lorrain : The Adoration of the Golden Calf , 1653
Joseph Anton Koch : Heroic Landscape with a Rainbow , 1805
Hans Thoma : Kinderreigen , 1872
August Macke : People at the Blue Lake , 1913

The basis of the collection consists of 205 paintings, mostly French and Dutch, from the 17th and 18th centuries, which Margravine Karoline Luise acquired between 1759 and 1776. Significant works come from this collection, such as the portrait of a young man by Frans van Mieris the Elder , the winter landscape with a lime kiln by Nicolaes Pieterszoon Berchem , the lace maker by Gerard Dou , the still life with hunting implements and dead partridge by Willem van Aelst , Peace in the Chicken yard by Melchior de Hondecoeter and a self-portrait by Rembrandt van Rijn . There are also four still lifes by Jean Siméon Chardin and two shepherd scenes by François Boucher , which the Margravine had commissioned directly from artists.

The museum received its first major expansion in 1858 with the collection of the cathedral capitular Johann Baptist von Hirscher (1788–1865) with works of religious art from the 15th and 16th centuries. This group includes works such as two panels from the Sterzing Altarpiece and the wing fragment The Sacramental Blessing by Bartholomäus Zeitblom . From 1899 to 1920, the painter Hans Thoma from Baden held the position of director of the Kunsthalle. He acquired old master paintings like the Tauberbischofsheimer Altar by Matthias Grünewald and pushed the expansion of the collection with art from the 19th century. Only his successors expanded the holdings of the Kunsthalle to include works from Impressionism and the following generations of artists.

The permanent exhibition in the main building includes around 800 paintings and sculptures. The outstanding works of art in the department of German late Gothic and Renaissance painters include Christ as the Man of Sorrows by Albrecht Dürer , the Carrying of the Cross and Crucifixion by Matthias Grünewald , Mary with the Child by Lucas Cranach the Elder , the portrait of Sebastian Brant by Hans Burgkmair the Elder and the The birth of Christ by Hans Baldung . Its margrave panel hit the headlines in 2006 due to property disputes and also led to political disputes. One of the greatest acquisition successes that a German museum was able to book in the post-war period concerns the successive acquisition of six of the seven known panels of a Passion altar around 1450 - the painter's emergency name after this work " Master of the Karlsruhe Passion " - a seventh panel is in German public property ( Wallraf-Richartz Museum , Cologne).

In the department of Dutch and Flemish painting of the 16th century, in addition to the works mentioned, there is the portrait of the Marchesa Veronica Spinola Doria by Peter Paul Rubens , Moses Striking Water from the Rock by Jacob Jordaens , the still life with kitchen utensils and food by Frans Snyders , The Village Festival by David Teniers the Younger , the Still Life with Lemon, Oranges and Stuffed Romans by Willem Kalf , a Young Couple at Breakfast by Gabriel Metsu , In the Bedroom by Pieter de Hooch , the Large Grove of Trees by the Water by Jacob Izaaksoon van Ruisdael , one River landscape with a milkmaid by Aelbert Jacobsz. Cuyp as well as a still life by Samuel van Hoogstraten .

Further examples of French painting of the 17th and 18th centuries are The Adoration of the Golden Calf by Claude Lorrain , the preparation for the dance lesson by the Le Nain brothers , the portrait of Marshal Charles-Auguste de Matignon by Hyacinthe Rigaud , the portrait of a young nobleman in Hunting costume by Nicolas de Largillière , The Tempest by Claude Joseph Vernet and The Minuet by Nicolas Lancret . From the 19th century you can find Rocky Forest Valley near Cività Castellana by Gustave Courbet , The Lamentation of Christ by Eugène Delacroix , the child portrait Le petit Lange by Édouard Manet , the portrait of Madame Jeantaud by Edgar Degas , the landscape picture June Morning near Pontoise by Camille Pissarro , Houses in Le Pouldu by Paul Gauguin and a view of the sea at L'Estaque by Paul Cézanne other works by French artists in the art gallery.

One focus of the collection is German painting and sculpture of the 19th century. The Kunsthalle has a heroic landscape with a rainbow by Joseph Anton Koch , the painting The painter Gerhard Kügelgen in his studio by Georg Friedrich Kersting , the landscape painting Rocky Reef on the Beach by Caspar David Friedrich and the view of the Santa Scolastica Monastery by Karl Blechen . Other important works in this department are The Disruption by Adolph Menzel and the Young People's Self-Portrait , the Portrait of Nanna Risi and The Banquet of Plato by Anselm Feuerbach .

An entire wing of the building was erected in the Kunsthalle in 1909 for the presentation of Hans Thoma's work complex . The artist's main works are, for example, the genre painting The Siblings and the Thoma Chapel with its religious themes , which was commissioned by the grand ducal family .

Of the German contemporaries Hans Thomas, Max Liebermann is represented in the museum with Am Strand von Noordwijk and Lovis Corinth with a portrait of his wife. In addition, the art gallery owns works by Ferdinand Georg Waldmüller , Carl Spitzweg , Arnold Böcklin , Hans von Marées , Wilhelm Leibl , Fritz von Uhde , Wilhelm Trübner and Max Klinger .

Works from the collection and new acquisitions from the years after 1952 can be seen in the building of the neighboring orangery. In two integrated graphic cabinets, the Kupferstichkabinett provides an insight into its holdings of contemporary art on paper. From the period after 1945 you can find the works Araber with Footprints by Jean Dubuffet , sponge relief> RE 48: Sol. 1960 < by Yves Klein , Honoring the Square: Yellow Center by Josef Albers , the cityscape F by Gerhard Richter and the Fixed Idea by Georg Baselitz in the Kunsthalle. The collection of classical modernism moved to the main building. Examples of paintings from the period up to 1945 are The Eiffel Tower by Robert Delaunay , the Improvisation 13 by Wassily Kandinsky , Deer im Wald II by Franz Marc , People at the Blue Lake by August Macke , the self-portrait The Painter by Ernst Ludwig Kirchner , the Merz picture 21b by Kurt Schwitters , The Forest by Max Ernst , Gate Tower II by Lyonel Feininger , The Seven Deadly Sins by Otto Dix and the Removal of the Sphinxes by Max Beckmann . In addition, the museum regularly shows special exhibitions.

Kupferstichkabinett

Around 350 years ago, Margrave Friedrich V. von Baden-Durlach began collecting drawings and prints. In doing so, he laid the foundation stone for one of the oldest graphic collections in Europe, the Karlsruhe Kupferstichkabinett, which has grown continuously to this day. With around 90,000 works, the cabinet has an outstanding collection of prints from the 15th century to the present day.

Every three months the Kunsthalle exhibits “The Special Sheet”, a selected work from the Kupferstichkabinett, which is presented in the lecture hall.

In the spring of 2014 an intern, Georg Kabierske, who was 20 years old at the time, discovered two albums with a total of 297 drawings and graphics by Giovanni Battista Piranesi and his surroundings, which had been assigned to Friedrich Weinbrenner up until then . In addition to this, there were an estimated 500 to 600 copies of Piranesi and his workshop around the world at that time.

Young art gallery

The Junge Kunsthalle, children's and youth museum of the State Art Gallery in Karlsruhe, is one of the oldest of its kind in Germany. In 1973 the first exhibition “Museum is Fun” attracted young visitors to the old masters. From then on, one or more exhibitions for young audiences followed year after year.

Art and cultural-historical content from the Middle Ages to the present day, always viewed in relation to the originals in the collection, is methodically processed here in such a way that children and young people have fun exploring them for themselves. Young people are brought into contact with art and culture at an early age and experience culture as part of their own identity. Depending on the exhibition, different areas of learning and play are linked to the world of the children and young people. Knowledge is imparted in a playful way.

Until 2005, the children's museum was housed in one of the head buildings of the orangery. The redesign of the orangery required temporary accommodation in the main building until the rooms provided for it were converted. At the end of February 2009, the children's museum was able to move into its own rooms under the new name “Junge Kunsthalle” on the ground floor of the garden director's former villa on Hans-Thoma-Straße.

Collections on the Internet

In January 2012 a large part of the collection was put online and can therefore be researched. There is also the archive “The Special Sheet”, in which works from the Kupferstichkabinett can be found. Apart from the online catalogs, the collections can be searched via the BAM portal .

Directors

Movies

literature

Web links

Commons : Staatliche Kunsthalle Karlsruhe  - Album with pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. Sebastian Riemer: How a Heidelberg intern suddenly became an expert . Rhein-Neckar-Zeitung, October 24, 2015, accessed on the same day
  2. Piranesi instead of Weinbrenner. Press release from the Kunsthalle Karlsruhe on May 21, 2014. Digital copy, PDF, 51kB

Coordinates: 49 ° 0 ′ 43 ″  N , 8 ° 24 ′ 0 ″  E