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City of Laubach
Coordinates: 50 ° 33 '43 "  N , 9 ° 2' 44"  E
Height : 279 m above sea level NHN
Area : 15.33 km²
Residents : 850 approx.
Population density : 55 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : April 1, 1972
Postal code : 35321
Area code : 06405
North side of the Evangelical Church Freienseen
North side of the Evangelical Church Freienseen

Freienseen is a district of the municipality of Laubach in the central Hessian district of Gießen , located in the Seenbachtal on the edge of the Hoher Vogelsberg Nature Park .

history

Freyenseen was first mentioned in a document from Landgrave Otto on January 26, 1312. Other historical place names are: Fryensehen (1340), Vriensende (1362), Freyensehena (1592).

The village claimed to have received the title of “ Free Imperial Village” from Emperor Friedrich I, called Barbarossa (1125–1190) , and in 1555 obtained the issue of an imperial protection and umbrella letter from the Chancellery of Charles V. This, however, was not the real thing Existence of these rights confirmed. However, the residents asserted that they were not subject to serfdom and that they did not have to do any compulsory labor. They defended this position in a total of 48 trials before the Reich Chamber of Commerce and the Reichshofrat , while the Laubach Count saw the village as a natural part of his rule and described the residents as our disobedient / rebellious subjects of Freyenseen . There is no evidence to support the claim that Barbarossa or another emperor obtained freedom from the empire. The legal historian Bernhard Diestelkamp notes that the "traditional written sources do not allow any other conclusion than that the village of Freienseen was part of the Solms-Laubach sovereignty".

Even during the regional reform in Hesse , the community of Freienseen tried for a long time (but unsuccessfully) to maintain its communal independence instead of the planned integration into the city of Laubach.

The Evangelical Church Freienseen is also known as the “Dom of the Seenbach Valley”. The Gothic fortified tower was built in the 13th century. The late baroque nave was completed in 1773. The organ dates from 1797 by Johann Andreas Heinemann and his son-in-law Johann Peter Rühl.

From September 30, 1903 to May 31, 1959 Freienseen was connected to the Friedberg – Mücke railway with the Seental Railway . Ore mining was carried out from 1867 to the 1960s.

During the Nazi era, there was a subcamp of the Heddernheim labor education camp at the southern exit of Freienseen . From 1942 to 1945, up to 1,200 forced laborers , prisoners of war and Gestapo prisoners were housed here in fenced barracks . Among other things, they had to work in an outsourced armaments factory of the Frankfurt company VDO in the new Freienseener tunnel.

Towards the end of the Second World War , there was an air murder near the village . On December 24, 1944, the pilot of a crashed American fighter was shot dead by the local NSDAP local group leader after he was captured .

In the course of the regional reform in Hesse , the municipality of Freienseen was incorporated into the city of Laubach on April 1, 1972, against the resistance of the population.

Territorial history and administration

The following list gives an overview of the territories in which Freienseen was located and the administrative units to which it was subordinate:

Courts since 1803

In the Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt , the judicial system was reorganized in an executive order of December 9, 1803. The “Hofgericht Gießen” was set up as a court of second instance for the province of Upper Hesse . The jurisdiction of the first instance was carried out by the offices or registry lords and thus from 1806 the "Patrimonial Court of the Counts Solms-Laubach" in Laubach was responsible for Freienseen.

The court court was the second instance court for normal civil disputes, and the first instance for civil family law cases and criminal cases. The second instance for the patrimonial courts were the civil law firms. The superior court of appeal in Darmstadt was superordinate .

With the founding of the Grand Duchy of Hesse in 1806, this function was retained, while the tasks of the first instance 1821–1822 were transferred to the newly created regional and city courts as part of the separation of jurisdiction and administration. From 1822 the Counts of Solms-Laubach let the Grand Duchy of Hesse exercise their court rights on their behalf. “ Landgericht Laubach ” was therefore the name of the court of first instance that was responsible for Freienseen. The count also waived his right to the second instance, which was exercised by the law firm in Hungen. It was only as a result of the March Revolution of 1848 that the special civil rights became final with the “Law on the Relationships of the Classes and Noble Court Lords” of April 15, 1848 canceled.

On the occasion of the introduction of the Courts Constitution Act with effect from October 1, 1879, as a result of which the previous grand-ducal Hessian regional courts were replaced by local courts at the same location, while the newly created regional courts now functioned as higher courts, the name was changed to "Laubach Local Court" and assigned to the district of the regional court of Giessen . On July 1, 1968, the district court was dissolved and the municipality of Freienseen was added to the district of the district court of Giessen . The superordinate instances are now, the regional court Gießen , the higher regional court Frankfurt am Main and the federal court as last instance.

population

Population development

Freienseen: Population from 1830 to 1967
year     Residents
1830
  
 1,058
1834
  
 1,053
1840
  
 1,074
1846
  
 1,019
1852
  
 923
1858
  
 857
1864
  
 822
1871
  
 791
1875
  
 784
1885
  
 637
1895
  
 638
1905
  
 701
1910
  
 704
1925
  
 655
1939
  
 629
1946
  
 997
1950
  
 995
1956
  
 959
1961
  
 972
1967
  
 805
Data source: Historical municipality register for Hesse: The population of the municipalities from 1834 to 1967. Wiesbaden: Hessisches Statistisches Landesamt, 1968.
Other sources:

Religious affiliation

 Source: Historical local dictionary

• 1830: 1057 Evangelical and Catholic residents
• 1961: 686 Protestant, 170 Roman Catholic residents

Gainful employment

 Source: Historical local dictionary

• 1961: Labor force: 144 agriculture and forestry, 195 prod. Trade, 36 trade, transport and communication, 45 services and other.

Legend

The residents are called the Frasch because, according to legend, they took care of Barbarossa's night's rest when he is said to have undertaken hunting trips in the Vogelsberg from his residence in Gelnhausen around 1160 . They put an end to the quacking frogs in the surrounding pools with sticks and poles when the emperor is said to have spent time in the fortification of Freienseen, the so-called castle courtyard. As a reward, Barbarossa gave the place the title of Free Imperial Village with its own jurisdiction, coat of arms and market rights. This legend is proven in court testimony from 1555. Diestelkamp classifies it as a legitimation legend: It reveals a certain helplessness towards the fact that Freienseen was indeed in possession of imperial privileges, without contemporaries being able to explain what the villagers were doing could have earned this.

politics

The head of the village is Hermann Hans Hermannski ( SPD ).

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e Freienseen, district of Giessen. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. (As of March 15, 2018). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  2. ↑ a b The districts on the website of the city of Laubach , accessed in February 2016.
  3. ^ Diestelkamp, ​​A Struggle for Freedom and Law, Cologne a. a. 2012, pp. 17-19.
  4. ^ Diestelkamp, ​​A Struggle for Freedom and Law, Cologne a. a. 2012, p. 3.
  5. ^ Diestelkamp, ​​A Struggle for Freedom and Law, Cologne a. a. 2012, p. 21.
  6. ^ Diestelkamp, ​​A Struggle for Freedom and Law, Cologne a. a. 2012, p. 3; deviating from this Erhard Nietzschmann: The free in the country. Former German imperial villages and their coats of arms. Melchior, Wolfenbüttel 2013, ISBN 978-3-944289-16-8 , p. 32.
  7. ^ "Freienseen, disused railway tunnel, armaments production". Topography of National Socialism in Hesse. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  8. ↑ Koller, H.-P. (1995): The Air Murder of Freienseen: A Documentation. To water.
  9. ↑ Magistrate of the City of Laubach: The Laubach districts. Retrieved July 25, 2013 .
  10. ↑ Gerstenmeier, K.-H. (1977): Hessen. Municipalities and counties after the regional reform. A documentation. P. 301 Melsungen
  11. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. State of Hesse. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  12. ^ Grand Ducal Central Office for State Statistics (ed.): Contributions to the statistics of the Grand Duchy of Hesse . tape 13 . G. Jonghause's Hofbuchhandlung, Darmstadt 1872, DNB  013163434 , OCLC 162730471 , p. 12 ff . ( Online at google books ).
  13. ↑ Wilhelm von der Nahmer: Handbuch des Rheinischen Particular-Rechts: Development of the territorial and constitutional relations of the German states on both banks of the Rhine: from the first beginning of the French Revolution up to the most recent times . tape 3 . Sauerländer, Frankfurt am Main 1832, OCLC 165696316 , p. 22, 438 f . ( Online at google books ).
  14. ↑ Latest countries and ethnology. A geographical reader for all stands. Kur-Hessen, Hessen-Darmstadt and the free cities. tape  22 . Weimar 1821, p. 424 f . ( online at Google Books ).
  15. ^ Georg W. Wagner: Statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse: Province of Upper Hesse . tape 3 . Carl Wilhelm Leske, Darmstadt 1830, p. 135 ( online at Google Books ).
  16. ↑ Law on the repeal of the provinces of Starkenburg, Upper Hesse and Rheinhessen from April 1, 1937 . In: The Reichsstatthalter in Hessen Sprengler (Hrsg.): Hessisches Regierungsblatt. 1937 no.  8 , p. 121 ff . ( Online at the information system of the Hessian State Parliament [PDF; 11.2 MB ]).
  17. ↑ Theodor Hartleben (Ed.): General German Justice, Camera and Police Fama, Volume 2, Part 1 . Johann Andreas Kranzbühler, 1832, p. 271 ( online at Google Books ).
  18. ↑ Law on the Conditions of the Class Lords and Noble Court Lords of August 7, 1848 . In: Grand Duke of Hesse (ed.): Grand Ducal Hessian Government Gazette. 1848 no. 40 , p. 237–241 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 42,9 MB ]).
  19. ^ Ordinance on the implementation of the German Courts Constitution Act and the Introductory Act to the Courts Constitution Act of May 14, 1879 . In: Grand Duke of Hesse and the Rhine (ed.): Grand Ducal Hessian Government Gazette. 1879 no. 15 , p. 197–211 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 17.8 MB ]).
  20. ↑ Second law amending the Court Organization Act (Amends GVBl. II 210–16) of February 12, 1968 . In: The Hessian Minister of Justice (ed.): Law and Ordinance Gazette for the State of Hesse . 1968 No. 4 , p. 41–44 , Article 1, Paragraph 2 c) and Article 2, Paragraph 4 d) ( online at the information system of the Hessian State Parliament [PDF; 298 kB ]).
  21. ^ Diestelkamp, ​​A Struggle for Freedom and Law, Cologne a. a. 2012, p. 11.